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2025-12-20T18:53:31Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

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Module talk:Arguments

2025-12-20T18:53:31Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

{{talk header}}
{{copied|from=Module:Arguments|from_oldid=696500078|to=:incubator:Module:Wp/nod/Arguments|to_diff=4236992}}
== Iterator corruption ==
{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} I found a subtle iterator corruption bug in this module.<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame)
for k, v in args do
mw.log(k .. '=' .. (v or 'nil') .. ' ')
if args[k .. 'somesuffix'] then
mw.log('Found suffix for ' .. k)
end
end
</syntaxhighlight> Attempting to read the somesuffix argument causes it to be memoized, adding it to the internal table, which apparently can corrupt the iterator and causes some arguments to be skipped. I've noticed this is only reproducible some of the time. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 02:58, 13 April 2014 (UTC)

:{{ping|Jackmcbarn}} That's a good find. (I assume that should be <code>pairs(args)</code> on line 2 rather than just <code>args</code>?) We're running into the undefined behaviour mentioned in the [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#next|next function docs]]: "''Behavior is undefined if, when using next for traversal, any non-existing key is assigned a value.''" The way that the __pairs metamethod works in this module means that all the existing arguments will have been memoized before the user gets a chance to index the args table. So if a user queries an existing argument during the pairs iteration, there will be no problem, as it will already be present in the metaArgs table. The error occurs when the user queries a non-existing argument. The __index function is set up to memoize this in metaArgs as nilArg, a blank table. That means that it is possible to add these blank tables as new values to the metaArgs table, even after all the non-nil values have been copied over from the frame objects. I've put a [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module:Arguments/sandbox&diff=604023029&oldid=590465333 fix in the sandbox] for this that uses the metatable.donePairs flag to check whether or not the arguments have been copied across. If they have already been copied across, then the __index metamethod won't memoize nils at all. While this fixes the bug, not memoizing the nils might cause adverse performance for some modules. Take a look and see what you think. Also, maybe [[User:Anomie|Anomie]] would like to check the fix before we put it up live? — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 16:02, 13 April 2014 (UTC)
::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} Yes, that should have been pairs(args). What about a flag that gets set while you're inside the pairs method, and while it's set, it memoizes nils to some other table, then when the flag gets unset, it moves them to where they really go? Also, related, if an argument is an empty string, it gets iterated over even if empty strings get converted to nils, which is unexpected. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 17:47, 13 April 2014 (UTC)
::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} I realized it's impossible for an iterator function to tell when it stops iterating (since the function calling it can return early, etc.), so that idea was out. Instead, I changed the way nils are memoized. They go to a different table now, which should solve that problem and the other problem at the same time. Thoughts? [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 23:14, 13 April 2014 (UTC)
::Once I got that implemented, I had another idea. Once pairs runs, we don't need to worry about memoizing at all anymore, because everything from argTables we'll ever look at is already part of metaArgs at that point. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 23:51, 13 April 2014 (UTC)
:::I think we should memoize after pairs runs, because users might query new keys that have nil values, and also because memoizing things the same way every time is simpler. I like your idea of using a nilArgs table rather than just putting a blank table in metaArgs. That will solve the iterator problem and allow us to use the same memoization scheme whether we have used pairs or not. Also, blank strings shouldn't be iterated over unless they are explicitly allowed, due to the way the mergeArgs function works (unless you found a bug in that as well?) — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 05:25, 14 April 2014 (UTC)
::::After running pairs, though, you don't need to check argTables anymore, so it's not worth memoizing nil to nilArg, since you can just return nil either way. Won't the code in the sandbox right now work right? [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 18:28, 14 April 2014 (UTC)
:::::Ah yes, you're quite right. I wasn't registering the fact that the new check meant that we bypassed the argTables check. I've added a comment and updated the module - hopefully everything should work now. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 08:12, 15 April 2014 (UTC)
::::::{{ping|Jackmcbarn}} Oops - we have been forgetting the problem of arguments being iterated over even if they are empty strings which get converted to nils. This would be solved by a nilArgs table, but is still present in the current version. I'll try and switch back to the nilArgs table version while keeping the formatting. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 19:47, 15 April 2014 (UTC)
:::::::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} Now that I think about nilArgs, I don't really like it since it's an extra table lookup. Maybe if nilArg is found while iterating, just skip it and go on to the next element (or change all nilArg to nil once we're in pairs). [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 19:49, 15 April 2014 (UTC)
{{od|7}} I've implemented the nilArgs version in the sandbox. I think it is quite an elegant solution, despite being an extra table lookup. Skipping nilArg tables while iterating isn't easy, as we would need to implement an iterator inside of an iterator for each of __pairs and __ipairs. And changing all nilArg tables to nil once we are in pairs would mean we would have to run pairs on metaArgs after running mergeArgs to catch all of the nilArg tables that have been introduced by __index and __newindex. Using nilArgs to memoize avoids these problems and makes the code quite a bit shorter (take a look at the new __pairs and __ipairs functions). — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 20:24, 15 April 2014 (UTC)
:{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} Okay, I guess I'm sold on it. I think I see a few subtle bugs, though; let me see if I can track them down. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 20:35, 15 April 2014 (UTC)
::Thanks for taking a look at it. If I have time tomorrow, I may rewrite the test cases in [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#frame:newChild|the way foretold in the fine manual]]. That should make tracking these subtle bugs slightly less hit-and-miss. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 20:59, 15 April 2014 (UTC)
::Also, I [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module%3AArguments%2Fsandbox&diff=604357645&oldid=604349477 found a bug] in my code: __newindex wasn't properly overwriting nil arguments in metaArgs, which would have caused problems for both __pairs and __index. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 21:11, 15 April 2014 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Jackmcbarn}} I've finished rewriting [[Module:Arguments/testcases]], and I've also added some bad input tests and some iterator tests. I've tried my best to break it, but all the tests have passed so far. As expected, the main module fails four of the iterator tests. Are there any other ways you can think to break it? If not, I think it is time to update the main module. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 13:10, 17 April 2014 (UTC)
::::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} Looks good. I did add one extra check for performance reasons. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 18:47, 17 April 2014 (UTC)

== Wrapper templates ==

{{edit protected|Module:Arguments|answered=yes}}

Please make the changes at [[Special:Diff/604718144/611675481]]. This adds support for the "wrappers" option. When set, it causes it to process parent arguments only if the parent is a wrapper, or frame arguments only otherwise.

[[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 00:25, 5 June 2014 (UTC)
:Perhaps [[User:Mr. Stradivarius]] could check your code and apply this. — Martin <small>([[User:MSGJ|MSGJ]] · [[User talk:MSGJ|talk]])</small> 09:12, 5 June 2014 (UTC)
::{{ping|Jackmcbarn}} I'm not quite understanding what it means to say "if the parent is a wrapper". What kind of wrapper are we talking about? I can see that it would make sense to not try and index frame:getParent() if it's going to return nil sometimes, but the only time I can see this happening is if you call frame:getParent() on the current frame and then pass the parent frame to getArgs. Then again, there is probably something I'm missing, and I imagine that getting my head round this wrapper business will clear things up. As for general code review, {{code|1=local title, found = parent:getTitle(), false|2=lua}} seems a little dangerous to me. That would break if for some reason frame:getTitle ever switches to outputting two values (unlikely, but possible), so I would put those statements on separate lines. Also, we should probably check that <code>options.wrappers</code> is a table, so that we can give people a more informative error message if they specify something like {{code|1={wrappers = true}|2=lua}}. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 09:43, 5 June 2014 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} A wrapper is a template that just calls a module, like [[Template:Infobox]] is a wrapper for [[Module:Infobox]] and [[Template:Edit protected]] is a wrapper for [[Module:Protected edit request]]. That's unrelated to the nil issue; I just fixed that at the same time since I had to modify that part of the code anyway. You're right that the main time getParent() would be nil is if you'd already called getParent() once, but the other time is if you call a module with a real frame through the console. I fixed the locals on the same line. Instead of throwing an error on non-tables, I made it turn it into a table, to handle the (very) common case where a module only has one wrapper. New diff is [[Special:Diff/604718144/611678252]]. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 13:31, 5 June 2014 (UTC)
::::Ah, I see what this is doing now. So if getArgs is called from a wrapper template, and that wrapper is listed in options.wrappers, it only loads the parent args, thereby saving a lookup in the frame args each time a new argument is requested from the client module. And if the parent frame isn't listed in options.wrappers it assumes that a user is calling the client module directly through #invoke. That sounds like a useful feature to add. One thing I was wondering - would it complicate the code too much to not call frame:getParent() if options.frameOnly is set? I'm not sure how expensive frame:getParent is to call, but I think it would make sense to not call it if we don't have to. (But then again, frameOnly isn't used that much as an option in my experience.) — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 00:57, 6 June 2014 (UTC)
:::::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} I've made it do that. New diff is [[Special:Diff/604718144/611759842]]. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 01:11, 6 June 2014 (UTC)
::::::I've found one more optimization. [[Special:Diff/604718144/611760186]]. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 01:13, 6 June 2014 (UTC)
:::::::I've added some comments: [[Special:Diff/604718144/611784069]]. The code and the test cases look good to me, so if you're happy with this then I think we're ready to update the main module. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 06:23, 6 June 2014 (UTC)
::::::::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} I'm happy with it. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 13:58, 6 June 2014 (UTC)
:::::::::[[File:Yes check.svg|20px|link=]] '''Done''' Ok, it's updated. Let me know if you spot any issues with it. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 14:25, 6 June 2014 (UTC)

== Protected edit request on 5 July 2014 ==

{{edit protected|Module:Arguments|answered=yes}}

Please make [[Special:Diff/615649711|these changes]]. This allows wrappers to still give both sets of arguments in either of the cases if such behavior is explicitly requested, while still preventing the double lookup in the other case.

[[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 03:30, 5 July 2014 (UTC)
:[[File:Yes check.svg|20px|link=]] '''Done''' If you could update the documentation too, that would be great. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 03:54, 5 July 2014 (UTC)

== Integrating with Lua ==

I'm thinking of integrating this module into Scribunto, the same way [[Module:HtmlBuilder]] was, but to do that, it needs to be released under a different license. {{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} {{ping|Anomie}} Do you both agree to release your contributions to this module under the [[GNU General Public License]] v2 or newer (GPL v2+)? [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 14:58, 3 September 2014 (UTC)
: Sure. [[User:Anomie|Anomie]][[User talk:Anomie|⚔]] 15:07, 3 September 2014 (UTC)
: Yes, that's fine with me. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 21:50, 3 September 2014 (UTC)
::I've submitted [[gerrit:158323]] that will add this to Scribunto. Note the following differences between this module and what I submitted:
::*Instead of taking a frame and an options table, it now takes only an options table, and <code>frame</code> is one of its options. This makes it a standard named-arguments function.
::*When wrappers aren't in use, it behaves as if <code>frameOnly</code> were set by default. Indiscriminate mixing of frame and parent arguments without knowing what the parent is has caused subtle bugs in the past, and it doesn't appear to have any legitimate use cases.
::*If you want just the parent arguments, pass <code>frame:getParent()</code> in place of <code>frame</code> when calling it. The <code>parentOnly</code> option has been removed.
::*When wrappers are in use, if the caller specifically requests frame arguments in addition to parent arguments (via <code>wrappersUseFrame</code>), the parent arguments always have precedence.
::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} ping. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 21:09, 4 September 2014 (UTC)

== Implement i18n ==

Should this module implement [[Internationalization and localization|i18n]]? Eg. by allowing a second parameter (boolean), which will make it try to load a name-map from a sub-module. Eg. Bananas could use
args = getArgs(frame, true)['firstname']
and Bananas/i18n_de could contain
return { vorname = 'firstname' }
(I admit a mapping in the opposit direction is more intuitive, but this allows multiple parameternames to be mapped to the same lua-parameter.)
[[User:Poul G|Poul G]] ([[User talk:Poul G|talk]]) 09:40, 1 November 2014 (UTC)
: The danger with this idea is that it makes it more difficult to use the module in different languages, unless everyone uses the canonical name anyway. For example, "Spezial:Beobachtungsliste" works if you go to [[:de:Spezial:Beobachtungsliste|dewiki]] but doesn't [[Spezial:Beobachtungsliste|here]] or most other-language wikis, while "Special:Watchlist" will work everywhere. [[User:Anomie|Anomie]][[User talk:Anomie|⚔]] 14:38, 1 November 2014 (UTC)
:: [[wikt:WTF|WhyTF]] do we have a soft-redirect at [[Spezial:Beobachtungsliste]]? [[User:Anomie|Anomie]][[User talk:Anomie|⚔]] 14:45, 1 November 2014 (UTC)
:Well, our user-editors in non-english languages should have access to templates in their native language. But at the same time it would be a great advantage to share the logic in the Lua-modules. Which implies that a translation is needed; it could be in the template <code><nowiki>{{#Person:name|firstname={{{vorname|}}}|...}}</nowiki></code> or be hidden in i18n within the modules configuration. (Maybe it was a mistake to open this on the site, where translation isn't needed.) [[User:Poul G|Poul G]] ([[User talk:Poul G|talk]]) 12:45, 3 November 2014 (UTC)
Is it possible this module to handle named parameters with Unicode names like: <pre>{{my_template | unnamed_1 | параметър = 123 | named_2 = ... etc.}}</pre>--[[User:Pl71|Pl71]] ([[User talk:Pl71|talk]]) 15:32, 24 February 2016 (UTC)

== Pairs bug ==

I've just found a bug in the pairs code of this module. It turns out that if you delete a value in the args table by setting it to nil, the the value is still present if you access the args table with pairs. There's a demonstration of the bug in [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module:User:Mr._Stradivarius/sandbox&oldid=637283032 my sandbox], and I've added two new test cases which are [[Module talk:Arguments/testcases|currently failing]].

To fix this, it looks like we would need a new table to memoize nils. We need to check whether an argument has been expressly deleted when calling mergeArgs, but at the same time, values in nilArgs need to be overwritable for precedence whitespace arguments to work properly. I don't see how one table can fulfil both functions.

Alternatively, we could get away with using one nilArgs table if we change the module to only ever check the frame args or the parent frame args, and never both. If I remember rightly, this is what the proposed getArgs function inside Scribunto does, so if that solution seems better we could wait for that function to be deployed and then switch all of our existing modules over to it. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 06:59, 9 December 2014 (UTC)
:{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} There is one edge case in the new getArgs function that would still read both, so that won't save us. However, I did find a way to make it work without adding an additional table. It's in the sandbox. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 15:11, 9 December 2014 (UTC)
::{{ping|Jackmcbarn}} Yes, that looks like a good approach to solving it - definitely better than introducing another table. Instead of using trinary logic, how about using strings to denote the status, similar to what Lua does with __mode? I think that would make the code more readable. We could use 'hard' and 'soft' for hard and soft nils, or just 'h' and 's' if we want to be concise. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 15:55, 9 December 2014 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} Okay, that's done. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 04:11, 10 December 2014 (UTC)
::::{{ping|Jackmcbarn}} Looks good. Unless there's anything else you would like to change, I think we're ok to update the main module now. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 04:37, 10 December 2014 (UTC)
:::::{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} Actually, there is, but I can't do it yet. Once the inexpensive mw.title.new change gets here, I want to make this use mw.title.new to normalize wrapper names (to make less stuff break when our modules get transwikied to wikis with different namespace names). [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 03:57, 11 December 2014 (UTC)
::::::{{ping|Jackmcbarn}} Ok, but I don't think there's any need to wait for that before we fix the current bug. I'll go and update the module now. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 04:27, 11 December 2014 (UTC)
:::::::Okay. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 04:28, 11 December 2014 (UTC)

== Ipairs bug ==

{{ping|Mr. Stradivarius}} I discovered that calling ipairs() on args and then breaking out of the loop early will unnecessarily result in all of the numeric arguments being expanded, instead of just the ones that were iterated over. I added a test case for this and implemented a fix in the sandbox. Can you take a look at it? If it looks good, I'll add it (along with the other change waiting in the sandbox) to the main module. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 05:32, 28 December 2014 (UTC)
:{{ping|Jackmcbarn}} Sorry for the delay in replying. Actually, yesterday and today I've been a bit ill, so I don't really trust myself to do code reviews right now. I'll take a look at this when I have my higher brain functions back, or if you want to go ahead and implement your fix anyway, that's fine by me. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 06:27, 29 December 2014 (UTC)

== Document argument translation system ==

Hi [[User:Jackmcbarn |Jackmcbarn ]]!

Could you please add documentation about [[Special:Diff/668829606|this]]? [[User:He7d3r|Helder]] 11:12, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
:I'd rather not encourage its use right now, since a better but incompatible way will become available soon. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 19:23, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
::@[[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]]: can you provide more details about that? Where is that new way being developed? [[User:He7d3r|Helder]] 19:30, 13 September 2015 (UTC)
:::{{ping|He7d3r}} It's already written; it's just awaiting approval. You can see it at [[gerrit:158323]]. [[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]] ([[User talk:Jackmcbarn|talk]]) 20:58, 13 September 2015 (UTC)

[[User:Jackmcbarn|Jackmcbarn]], [[User:He7d3r|Helder]], now that we have [[mw:Help:Tabular_Data|tabular data support]], we can easily implement global translations. I already started on doing it with the [[mw:Module:TNT|TNT module]]. It allows a module or a template to be copied anywhere without modifications, and all localization is done in one place on Commons. This means we can introduce parameter localization as well, without any core changes. Let me know if you want to help with it :) --[[User:Yurik|Yurik]] ([[User talk:Yurik|talk]]) 03:46, 13 January 2017 (UTC)
:Cool! I'll keep an eye on that. [[User:He7d3r|Helder]] 12:01, 18 January 2017 (UTC)

== Using ipairs ==

I have not seriously used Module:Arguments so now that I'm looking at how it is used in [[Module:Team appearances list]], I am puzzled about the default options and <code>ipairs</code>. What happens if a module does the following?
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local args = getArgs(frame) -- where frame is from a template invoke
for i, v in ipairs(args) do
print(i, v)
end
</syntaxhighlight>
I gather that works as expected with something like <code><nowiki>{{example|one|two|three}}</nowiki></code> (and it would trim any leading/trailing whitespace from each parameter).

However, it would only process "one" in <code><nowiki>{{example|one||three}}</nowiki></code> because the blank second parameter would be converted to nil, and that would terminate ipairs.

Does that mean that anything using Module:Arguments with a variable number of numeric arguments must use something like <code>compressSparseArray</code> from [[Module:TableTools]] (or set options to not trim/remove parameters)? If that is true, I would have thought it would be mentioned in the documentation here. Did an early version of Module:Arguments default to removing blank parameters so ipairs processes each provided numeric parameter (that's what I thought happened)? [[User:Johnuniq|Johnuniq]] ([[User talk:Johnuniq|talk]]) 03:25, 18 November 2016 (UTC)

:{{re|Johnuniq}} Have you found a solution for this problem? — [[User:UnladenSwallow|UnladenSwallow]] ([[User talk:UnladenSwallow|talk]]) 01:58, 15 May 2020 (UTC)
::{{re|UnladenSwallow}} I haven't looked for a solution because I don't like obscure layers. Module:Arguments appears to be very efficient although it appears to do quite a lot of work, yet it seems unnecessary overhead to me. I've never needed the module and I don't know if the above is a problem now. [[User:Johnuniq|Johnuniq]] ([[User talk:Johnuniq|talk]]) 03:38, 15 May 2020 (UTC)

==Help in writing better testcases==
Hello developers, I am working with [[mw:Multilingual Templates and Modules]] and to convert this module into a shared one, we need better [[mw:Module:Arguments/testcases]]. Can anyone please help? {{ping|Frietjes|RexxS|Johnuniq|Mr. Stradivarius|Anomie|Xaosflux|Ans|Jackmcbarn|Jonesey95}} [[User:Capankajsmilyo|Capankajsmilyo]]<sup>([[User talk:Capankajsmilyo|Talk]] | [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Infoboxes/assistance|Infobox assistance]])</sup> 10:39, 22 May 2019 (UTC)

== The Arguments cannot contain "="? ==

see test case: [[Module:Sandbox/shizhao/test]]，[[Module talk:Sandbox/shizhao/test]]。 If arguments contain "="， Lua error: bad argument #1 to 'match' (string expected, got nil).--[[User:Shizhao|Shizhao]] ([[User talk:Shizhao|talk]]) 15:45, 21 January 2020 (UTC)
:@[[User:Shizhao|Shizhao]] That's just standard procedure: in a template or module invoke, a parameter like <code>aaa=bbb</code> appears as a named parameter with value <code>bbb</code> for parameter <code>aaa</code>. See the fix in [[Special:Diff/936934897|diff]]. I haven't looked at what [[Module:Sandbox/shizhao/test]] is for but please don't fuss with a signature—keeping them simple is best and editors should not need a module for a private purpose. [[User:Johnuniq|Johnuniq]] ([[User talk:Johnuniq|talk]]) 22:43, 21 January 2020 (UTC)

== Using frame and parentFrame simultaneously ==

There is a wrapper template [[Template:Authority control (arts)]] which uses <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Authority control|show=arts}}</nowiki></code>

And on articles, I want to use {{tlx|Authority control (arts)|2=show=CZ,ES}} to show additional things.

I would like to concatenate both of these values in a comma-separated list, i.e. <code>show = arts,CZ,ES}</code> Is that something which is possible with this module? — Martin <small>([[User:MSGJ|MSGJ]] · [[User talk:MSGJ|talk]])</small> 13:17, 20 January 2023 (UTC)
:{{ping|MSGJ}} No - this module can get values from both the frame and the parent frame, but one will take priority and overwrite the other. You will need custom logic to do what you want to do. — '''''[[User:Mr. Stradivarius|<span style="color: #194D00; font-family: Palatino, Times, serif">Mr. Stradivarius</span>]]''''' <sup>[[User talk:Mr. Stradivarius|♪ talk ♪]]</sup> 13:56, 20 January 2023 (UTC)
::Okay, thought so. Thanks for the reply. — Martin <small>([[User:MSGJ|MSGJ]] · [[User talk:MSGJ|talk]])</small> 15:16, 20 January 2023 (UTC)

== Case-insensitive arguments ==

I've had a request for case-insensitive argument names in a client module of Module:Arguments over on enWS (that imports from enWP). Specific case requested was treating {{para|Volume}} as equivalent to {{para|volume}} (there are historical reasons why contributors on enWS expect that to work). At first blush that looks really messy to implement in the client module, and at the same time it seems like something that 1) would be best implemented as an option (ala. {{para|trim}} or {{para|removeBlanks}}) in Module:Arguments and 2) would be generally useful for other clients of Module:Arguments. Without digging too deep I imagine it'd really be "canonical casing", i.e. just internally lower-casing all provided argument names when the option is set.

Thoughts? [[User:Xover|Xover]] ([[User talk:Xover|talk]]) 06:25, 31 May 2023 (UTC)

== writing to the args table when the key contains a hyphen (-) ==

[[Module:Infobox military conflict]] tries to include [[Module:Infobox mapframe]], but we need to pass along some parameters. args.onByDefault seems to work, but args["mapframe-zoom"] doesn't seem to. Is this expected? --[[User:Joy|Joy]] ([[User talk:Joy|talk]]) 19:47, 23 October 2025 (UTC)

Module:Arguments/doc

2025-12-20T18:53:28Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

{{Used in system}}
{{Module rating|p}}
{{cascade-protected template|page=module}}

This module provides easy processing of arguments passed from <code>#invoke</code>. It is a meta-module, meant for use by other modules, and should not be called from <code>#invoke</code> directly (for a module directly invocable by templates you might want to have a look at {{ml|params|}}). Its features include:
* Easy [[Trimming (computer programming)|trimming]] of arguments and removal of blank arguments.
* Arguments can be passed by both the current frame and by the parent frame at the same time. (More details below.)
* Arguments can be passed in directly from another Lua module or from the debug console.
* Most features can be customized.

== Basic use ==

First, you need to load the module. It contains one function, named <code>getArgs</code>.

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
</syntaxhighlight>

In the most basic scenario, you can use getArgs inside your main function. The variable <code>args</code> is a table containing the arguments from #invoke. (See below for details.)

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
local args = getArgs(frame)
-- Main module code goes here.
end

return p
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Recommended practice ===
However, the recommended practice is to use a separate function as the entry point from <code>#invoke</code> just for processing the arguments. This allows other Lua modules to call your core logic directly, improving performance by avoiding the overhead of interacting with the <code>frame</code> object.

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
local args = getArgs(frame)
return p._main(args)
end

function p._main(args)
-- Main module code goes here.
end

return p
</syntaxhighlight>

The way this is called from a template is <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Example|main}}</nowiki></code> (optionally with some parameters like <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Example|main|arg1=value1|arg2=value2}}</nowiki></code>), and the way this is called from a module is <syntaxhighlight lang=lua inline>require('Module:Example')._main({arg1 = 'value1', arg2 = value2, 'spaced arg3' = 'value3'})</syntaxhighlight>. What this second one does is construct a table with the arguments in it, then gives that table to the p._main(args) function, which uses it natively.

=== Multiple functions ===
If you want multiple functions to use the arguments, and you also want them to be accessible from #invoke, you can use a wrapper function.

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

local p = {}

local function makeInvokeFunc(funcName)
return function (frame)
local args = getArgs(frame)
return p[funcName](args)
end
end

p.func1 = makeInvokeFunc('_func1')

function p._func1(args)
-- Code for the first function goes here.
end

p.func2 = makeInvokeFunc('_func2')

function p._func2(args)
-- Code for the second function goes here.
end

return p
</syntaxhighlight>

== Options ==

The following options are available. They are explained in the sections below.

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = getArgs(frame, {
trim = false,
removeBlanks = false,
valueFunc = function (key, value)
-- Code for processing one argument
end,

frameOnly = true,
parentOnly = true,
parentFirst = true,

wrappers = {
'Template:A wrapper template',
'Template:Another wrapper template'
},

readOnly = true,
noOverwrite = true
})
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Trimming whitespace ===

MediaWiki trims whitespace for named arguments coming from #invoke or a template call, but preserves whitespace for positional arguments. By default, this module helps trim whitespace also for position arguments. To preserve whitespace for positional arguments, set the <code>trim</code> option to <code>false</code>.

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = getArgs(frame, {
trim = false
})
</syntaxhighlight>

When the <code>valueFunc</code> option is given, the <code>valueFunc</code> function will be responsible for trimming whitespace, and the <code>trim</code> option will have no effect.

=== Removing blank arguments ===

"Blank arguments" are arguments from #invoke or template that are blank strings or consist of only whitespace. By default, this module removes all blank arguments. To preserve the blank arguments, set the <code>removeBlanks</code> option to <code>false</code>.

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = getArgs(frame, {
removeBlanks = false
})
</syntaxhighlight>

This might be necessary for some templates' operation.

Note: When converting MediaWiki templates to Lua, keep in mind that in Lua, blank strings and strings consisting only of whitespace are considered true. If you don't pay attention to such blank arguments when you write your Lua modules, you might treat something as true that should actually be treated as false.

When the <code>valueFunc</code> option is given, the <code>valueFunc</code> function will be responsible for handling blank arguments, and the <code>removeBlanks</code> option will have no effect.

=== Custom formatting of arguments ===

Sometimes you want to remove some blank arguments but not others, or perhaps you might want to put all of the positional arguments in lower case. To do things like this you can use the <code>valueFunc</code> option. The input to this option must be a function that takes two parameters, <code>key</code> and <code>value</code>, and returns a single value. This value is what you will get when you access the field <code>key</code> in the <code>args</code> table.

Example 1: this function preserves whitespace for the first positional argument's value, but trims all other arguments' value and removes all other blank arguments.
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = getArgs(frame, {
valueFunc = function (key, value)
if key == 1 then
return value
elseif value then
value = mw.text.trim(value)
if value ~= '' then
return value
end
end
return nil
end
})
</syntaxhighlight>

Example 2: this function removes blank arguments and converts all argument values to lower case, but doesn't trim whitespace from positional parameters.
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = getArgs(frame, {
valueFunc = function (key, value)
if not value then
return nil
end
value = mw.ustring.lower(value)
if mw.ustring.find(value, '%S') then
return value
end
return nil
end
})
</syntaxhighlight>

Note: the above functions will fail if passed input that is not of type <code>string</code> or <code>nil</code>. This might be the case if you use the <code>getArgs</code> function in the main function of your module, and that function is called by another Lua module. In this case, you will need to check the type of your input. This is not a problem if you are using a function specially for arguments from #invoke (i.e. you have <code>p.main</code> and <code>p._main</code> functions, or something similar).

{{cot|Examples 1 and 2 with type checking}}
Example 1:
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = getArgs(frame, {
valueFunc = function (key, value)
if key == 1 then
return value
elseif type(value) == 'string' then
value = mw.text.trim(value)
if value ~= '' then
return value
else
return nil
end
else
return value
end
end
})
</syntaxhighlight>

Example 2:
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = getArgs(frame, {
valueFunc = function (key, value)
if type(value) == 'string' then
value = mw.ustring.lower(value)
if mw.ustring.find(value, '%S') then
return value
else
return nil
end
else
return value
end
end
})
</syntaxhighlight>
{{cob}}

Also, please note that the <code>valueFunc</code> function is called more or less every time an argument is requested from the <code>args</code> table, so if you care about performance you should make sure you aren't doing anything inefficient with your code.

=== Frames and parent frames ===

Arguments in the <code>args</code> table can be passed from the current frame or from its parent frame at the same time. To understand what this means, it is easiest to give an example. Let's say that we have a module called <code>Module:ExampleArgs</code>. This module prints the first two positional arguments that it is passed.

{{cot|Module:ExampleArgs code}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
local args = getArgs(frame)
return p._main(args)
end

function p._main(args)
local first = args[1] or ''
local second = args[2] or ''
return first .. ' ' .. second
end

return p
</syntaxhighlight>
{{cob}}

<code>Template:ExampleArgs</code> contains the code <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:ExampleArgs|main|''firstInvokeArg''}}</nowiki></code>.

Now if we were to call <code>Template:ExampleArgs</code>, the following would happen:

{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <pre>{{#invoke:ExampleArgs|main|''firstInvokeArg''}}

(call #invoke directly without template)</pre>
| ''firstInvokeArg''

(call #invoke directly without template)
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg'' secondTemplateArg
|}

There are three options you can set to change this behaviour: <code>frameOnly</code>, <code>parentOnly</code> and <code>parentFirst</code>. If you set <code>frameOnly</code> then only arguments passed from the current frame will be accepted; if you set <code>parentOnly</code> then only arguments passed from the parent frame will be accepted; and if you set <code>parentFirst</code> then arguments will be passed from both the current and parent frames, but the parent frame will have priority over the current frame. Here are the results in terms of <code>Template:ExampleArgs</code>:

; frameOnly
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|}

; parentOnly
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
|
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg secondTemplateArg
|}

; parentFirst
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg secondTemplateArg
|}

Notes:
# If you set both the <code>frameOnly</code> and <code>parentOnly</code> options, the module won't fetch any arguments at all from #invoke. This is probably not what you want.
# In some situations a parent frame may not be available, e.g. if getArgs is passed the parent frame rather than the current frame. In this case, only the frame arguments will be used (unless parentOnly is set, in which case no arguments will be used) and the <code>parentFirst</code> and <code>frameOnly</code> options will have no effect.

=== Wrappers ===

The ''wrappers'' option is used to specify a limited number of templates as ''wrapper templates'', that is, templates whose only purpose is to call a module. If the module detects that it is being called from a wrapper template, it will only check for arguments in the parent frame; otherwise it will only check for arguments in the frame passed to getArgs. This allows modules to be called by either #invoke or through a wrapper template without the loss of performance associated with having to check both the frame and the parent frame for each argument lookup.

For example, the only content of [[Template:Side box]] (excluding content in {{tag|noinclude}} tags) is <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Side box|main}}</nowiki></code>. There is no point in checking the arguments passed directly to the #invoke statement for this template, as no arguments will ever be specified there. We can avoid checking arguments passed to #invoke by using the ''parentOnly'' option, but if we do this then #invoke will not work from other pages either. If this were the case, the {{para|text|Some text}} in the code <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Side box|main|text=Some text}}</nowiki></code> would be ignored completely, no matter what page it was used from. By using the <code>wrappers</code> option to specify 'Template:Side box' as a wrapper, we can make <code><nowiki>{{#invoke:Side box|main|text=Some text}}</nowiki></code> work from most pages, while still not requiring that the module check for arguments on the [[Template:Side box]] page itself.

Wrappers can be specified either as a string, or as an array of strings.

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = getArgs(frame, {
wrappers = 'Template:Wrapper template'
})
</syntaxhighlight>

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
local args = getArgs(frame, {
wrappers = {
'Template:Wrapper 1',
'Template:Wrapper 2',
-- Any number of wrapper templates can be added here.
}
})
</syntaxhighlight>

The <code>wrappers</code> option changes the default behaviors of the <code>frameOnly</code> and <code>parentOnly</code> options.

{{collapse top|title=Behaviors of ''frameOnly'' and ''parentOnly'' in relations with wrapper templates}}

; If <code>Template:ExampleArgs</code> is specified as a wrapper template:

; <code>parentOnly</code> is true or not set

The frame arguments will not be used at all.

{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
|
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg secondTemplateArg
|}

; <code>parentOnly</code> is false, <code>parentFirst</code> is false or not set

{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg'' secondTemplateArg
|}

; <code>parentOnly</code> is false, <code>parentFirst</code> is true
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg secondTemplateArg
|}

; If <code>wrappers</code> is set but <code>Template:ExampleArgs</code> is not in the <code>wrappers</code> list:

; <code>frameOnly</code> is true or not set

{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|}

; <code>frameOnly</code> is false, <code>parentFirst</code> is false or not set
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg'' secondTemplateArg
|}

; <code>frameOnly</code> is false, <code>parentFirst</code> is true
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; max-width: 100%;"
|-
! style="width: 60%;" | Code
! style="width: 40%;" | Result
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs}}</nowiki></code>
| ''firstInvokeArg''
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg
|-
| <code><nowiki>{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}</nowiki></code>
| firstTemplateArg secondTemplateArg
|}
{{collapse bottom}}

Notes:
# The module will automatically detect if it is being called from a wrapper template's /sandbox subpage, so there is no need to specify sandbox pages explicitly.
# If the ''wrappers'' option is set and no parent frame is available, the module will always get the arguments from the frame passed to <code>getArgs</code>.

=== Writing to the args table ===

Sometimes it can be useful to write new values to the args table. This is possible with the default settings of this module. (However, bear in mind that it is usually better coding style to create a new table with your new values and copy arguments from the args table as needed.)

<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
args.foo = 'some value'
</syntaxhighlight>

It is possible to alter this behaviour with the <code>readOnly</code> and <code>noOverwrite</code> options. If <code>readOnly</code> is set then it is not possible to write any values to the args table at all. If <code>noOverwrite</code> is set, then it is possible to add new values to the table, but it is not possible to add a value if it would overwrite any arguments that are passed from #invoke.

== Notes ==

=== Ref tags ===

This module uses [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Metatables|metatables]] to fetch arguments from #invoke. This allows access to both the frame arguments and the parent frame arguments without using the <code>pairs()</code> function. This can help if your module might be passed {{tag|ref}} tags as input.

As soon as {{tag|ref}} tags are accessed from Lua, they are processed by the MediaWiki software and the reference will appear in the reference list at the bottom of the article. If your module proceeds to omit the reference tag from the output, you will end up with a phantom reference – a reference that appears in the reference list but without any number linking to it. This has been a problem with modules that use <code>pairs()</code> to detect whether to use the arguments from the frame or the parent frame, as those modules automatically process every available argument.

This module solves this problem by allowing access to both frame and parent frame arguments, while still only fetching those arguments when it is necessary. The problem will still occur if you use <code>pairs(args)</code> elsewhere in your module, however.

=== Known limitations ===

The use of metatables also has its downsides. Most of the normal Lua table tools won't work properly on the args table, including the <code>#</code> operator, the <code>next()</code> function, and the functions in the table library. If using these is important for your module, you should use your own argument processing function instead of this module.<includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||
[[Category:Lua metamodules]]
}}</includeonly>

== See also ==
* [[Module:Params]]
* {{tl|Template parameter value}}
<includeonly>{{Sandbox other||

[[Category:Wikipedia utility modules]]
}}</includeonly>
<noinclude>
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
</noinclude>

Module:Transclusion count/data/A

2025-12-20T18:53:23Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

return {
["A-Class"] = 5400,
["ACArt"] = 4300,
["AFB_game_box_end"] = 2500,
["AFB_game_box_start"] = 2500,
["AFB_game_box_start/styles.css"] = 2500,
["AFC_comment"] = 21000,
["AFC_submission"] = 32000,
["AFC_submission_category_header"] = 4600,
["AFD_help"] = 156000,
["AFD_help/styles.css"] = 156000,
["AFI/Picture_box/show_picture"] = 4100,
["AFI_film"] = 9700,
["AFL_Car"] = 2600,
["AFL_Col"] = 2500,
["AFL_Ess"] = 2500,
["AFL_Gee"] = 2500,
["AFL_Haw"] = 2400,
["AFL_Mel"] = 2700,
["AFL_NM"] = 2200,
["AFL_Ric"] = 2500,
["AFL_StK"] = 2700,
["AFL_Tables"] = 12000,
["AFL_Year"] = 2800,
["AFL_player"] = 2000,
["AI-generated"] = 5100,
["ALG"] = 2600,
["AMARB"] = 4400,
["AM_station_data"] = 4400,
["ARBPIA"] = 2700,
["ARE"] = 2200,
["ARG"] = 6900,
["ARM"] = 2100,
["ASIN"] = 5000,
["ASN"] = 3400,
["ATP"] = 5100,
["AUS"] = 15000,
["AUT"] = 10000,
["AZE"] = 2800,
["A_note"] = 5300,
["A_or_an"] = 12000,
["Aan"] = 60000,
["Abbr"] = 944000,
["Abbreviation"] = 2900,
["Abbrlink"] = 15000,
["Abot"] = 26000,
["About"] = 166000,
["Absolute_page_title"] = 4400,
["Acad"] = 6600,
["Access_icon"] = 3200,
["According_to_whom"] = 4700,
["AchievementTable"] = 11000,
["AdSenseSummary"] = 12000,
["Added"] = 2700,
["Adjacent_communities"] = 28000,
["Adjacent_stations"] = 41000,
["Adjacent_stations/styles.css"] = 41000,
["Adjacent_stations_doc"] = 2300,
["Adjstn"] = 2600,
["Admin"] = 15000,
["Admin_help/helped"] = 2100,
["Administrator_note"] = 6800,
["Administrators'_noticeboard_archives_all"] = 2100,
["Administrators'_noticeboard_navbox_all"] = 2100,
["Adminnote"] = 3600,
["Advert"] = 11000,
["Aet"] = 6700,
["AfC_accept/C_percentage"] = 5800,
["AfC_comment"] = 22000,
["AfC_date_category"] = 254000,
["AfC_submission"] = 40000,
["AfC_submission/comments"] = 30000,
["AfC_submission/declined"] = 31000,
["AfC_submission/draft"] = 11000,
["AfC_submission/helptools"] = 41000,
["AfC_submission/styles.css"] = 43000,
["AfC_submission_category_header"] = 6500,
["AfC_submission_category_header/day"] = 6300,
["AfC_submission_category_header/td"] = 6300,
["AfC_talk/C_percentage"] = 5800,
["AfC_topic"] = 30000,
["AfD_categories_horizontal_shortnames"] = 5200,
["AfD_count_link"] = 4000,
["Afd-merged-from"] = 10000,
["Afd_bottom/old"] = 216000,
["Afd_top/old"] = 216000,
["Afd_top/old/styles.css"] = 216000,
["Africa_topic"] = 6600,
["After_extra_time"] = 6700,
["Age"] = 28000,
["Age_in_days"] = 5500,
["Age_in_years"] = 4000,
["Age_in_years,_months,_weeks_and_days"] = 5100,
["Age_in_years,_months_and_days"] = 19000,
["Age_in_years_and_days"] = 4900,
["Age_in_years_and_days_nts"] = 4300,
["Agree"] = 2500,
["Ahnentafel"] = 7900,
["Ahnentafel/styles.css"] = 7900,
["Air_Force_Historical_Research_Agency"] = 4300,
["Air_force"] = 7200,
["Air_force/core"] = 7200,
["Aircontent"] = 9500,
["Aircraft_specs"] = 12000,
["Aircraft_specs/convert"] = 12000,
["Aircraft_specs/eng"] = 12000,
["Aircraft_specs/length"] = 12000,
["Aircraft_specs/range"] = 12000,
["Aircraft_specs/speed"] = 12000,
["Airport-dest-list"] = 3500,
["Airport_codes"] = 13000,
["Airport_destination_list"] = 4800,
["Al"] = 78000,
["Album"] = 2100,
["Album_chart"] = 35000,
["Album_chart/chartnote"] = 35000,
["Album_cover_fur"] = 53000,
["Album_label_category"] = 2300,
["Album_label_category/core"] = 2300,
["Album_ratings"] = 31000,
["Album_reviews"] = 2500,
["Albums_category"] = 25000,
["Albums_category/core"] = 25000,
["Albums_category/type/default"] = 25000,
["Align"] = 200000,
["Aligned_table"] = 14000,
["AllIrelandByCountyCatNav"] = 3100,
["AllMusic"] = 77000,
["All_Ireland_by_county_category_navigation"] = 3100,
["Allcaps"] = 10000,
["Allcaps/styles.css"] = 10000,
["Allmusic"] = 12000,
["Allow_wrap"] = 6500,
["Already_done"] = 2600,
["Also"] = 2400,
["Also_known_as"] = 2500,
["Alternating_rows_table"] = 2100,
["Alternating_rows_table/styles.css"] = 2100,
["Alumni"] = 3000,
["Always_substitute"] = 9000,
["Ambox"] = 1460000,
["Ambox_globe"] = 42000,
["Ambox_globe_current_red"] = 40000,
["American_English"] = 21000,
["American_football_roster/Footer"] = 3700,
["American_football_roster/Header"] = 3700,
["American_football_roster/Player"] = 3700,
["Americanfootballbox"] = 4400,
["Anchor"] = 89000,
["Angbr"] = 2600,
["Angbr_IPA"] = 2300,
["Angle_bracket"] = 3800,
["Anglican_navbox_titlestyle"] = 14000,
["Anglicise_rank"] = 533000,
["Animal_tasks"] = 33000,
["Anime_News_Network"] = 12000,
["Ann"] = 2100,
["Annotated_link"] = 14000,
["Annual_readership"] = 34000,
["Anonblock"] = 35000,
["Antonym_of_(dis)establish"] = 16000,
["Apostrophe"] = 94000,
["Arbitration_Committee_candidate/data"] = 109000,
["Archive"] = 333000,
["Archive_bottom"] = 64000,
["Archive_box"] = 18000,
["Archive_list"] = 92000,
["Archive_top"] = 44000,
["Archive_top/styles.css"] = 44000,
["Archive_top_green"] = 12000,
["Archive_top_green/styles.css"] = 12000,
["Archive_top_red"] = 5600,
["Archive_top_red/styles.css"] = 5600,
["Archivebottom"] = 3700,
["Archivebox"] = 2200,
["Archives"] = 54000,
["Archivetop"] = 3700,
["Army"] = 18000,
["Army/core"] = 18000,
["Art_UK_bio"] = 2500,
["Art_UK_bio/plural"] = 2500,
["Article"] = 3000,
["ArticleHistory"] = 27000,
["Article_alerts_box"] = 4000,
["Article_alerts_box/styles.css"] = 4000,
["Article_for_improvement_banner/Picture_box"] = 4400,
["Article_for_improvement_banner/Picture_box/show_picture"] = 4100,
["Article_history"] = 51000,
["Article_links"] = 503000,
["Article_or_page"] = 6600,
["Article_stub_box"] = 2380000,
["Articles_by_Importance"] = 12000,
["Articles_by_Quality"] = 38000,
["Articles_for_creation_links"] = 6600,
["As_of"] = 100000,
["As_written"] = 2500,
["Asbox"] = 2360000,
["Asia_topic"] = 11000,
["Asof"] = 6400,
["Assessed-Class"] = 18000,
["Assignment"] = 6000,
["Assignment_milestones"] = 5300,
["Association_of_Tennis_Professionals_link"] = 5100,
["AstDys"] = 2800,
["Asterisk"] = 3000,
["AthAbbr"] = 7000,
["Atnhead"] = 6000,
["Atop"] = 6600,
["Atopg"] = 11000,
["Atopr"] = 5300,
["Attached_KML"] = 14000,
["Au"] = 5300,
["AuEduNewbie"] = 2600,
["Audio"] = 37000,
["Audio_sample"] = 3000,
["AustralianFootball"] = 8700,
["Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography"] = 2300,
["Australian_English"] = 3300,
["Australian_dollar"] = 2100,
["Australian_party_style"] = 6600,
["Australian_politics/name"] = 4600,
["Australian_politics/party_colours"] = 6800,
["Austria_metadata_Wikidata"] = 2100,
["Austria_population_Wikidata"] = 2100,
["Aut"] = 7800,
["Authority_control"] = 2190000,
["Authority_control_(arts)"] = 16000,
["Auto_link"] = 77000,
["Autobiography"] = 2100,
["Autolink"] = 40000,
["Automated_tools"] = 91000,
["Automated_tools/core"] = 91000,
["Automatic_archive_navigator"] = 41000,
["Automatic_archives_blurb"] = 19000,
["Automatic_category_TOC"] = 838000,
["Automatic_category_TOC/core"] = 837000,
["Automatic_taxobox"] = 99000,
["Aviation_Safety_Network_accident_history"] = 3400,
["Aviation_accidents_and_incidents"] = 2600,
["Avoid_wrap"] = 6300,
["Awaiting_admin"] = 2700,
["Awaitingadmin"] = 2600,
["Award2"] = 2600,
["Awards"] = 2500,
["Awards_table"] = 6100,
["Awards_table/styles.css"] = 6100,
["Ayd"] = 4200,
["Aye"] = 13000,
["Module:A_or_an"] = 12000,
["Module:A_or_an/words"] = 12000,
["Module:About"] = 167000,
["Module:Adjacent_stations"] = 79000,
["Module:Adjacent_stations/Amtrak"] = 2900,
["Module:Adjacent_stations/Deutsche_Bahn"] = 2100,
["Module:Adjacent_stations/Indian_Railways"] = 3400,
["Module:Adjacent_stations/JR_East"] = 2300,
["Module:Adjacent_stations/i18n"] = 79000,
["Module:Administrators'_noticeboard_archives"] = 2100,
["Module:Administrators'_noticeboard_archives/styles.css"] = 2100,
["Module:AfC_submission_catcheck"] = 407000,
["Module:AfC_topic"] = 30000,
["Module:Age"] = 1380000,
["Module:Ahnentafel"] = 7900,
["Module:Airport_destination_list"] = 4800,
["Module:Aligned_dates_list"] = 2600,
["Module:Aligned_table"] = 14000,
["Module:All_Ireland_by_county_category_navigation"] = 3400,
["Module:Anchor"] = 89000,
["Module:Ancient_Egypt_era"] = 2700,
["Module:Ancient_Egypt_era/data"] = 2700,
["Module:Ancient_Egypt_kings"] = 2700,
["Module:Ancient_Egypt_kings/data"] = 2700,
["Module:Ancient_Olympiads"] = 2700,
["Module:Ancient_Olympiads/data"] = 2700,
["Module:Annotated_link"] = 14000,
["Module:Archive"] = 333000,
["Module:Archive/config"] = 333000,
["Module:Archive_list"] = 95000,
["Module:Archives/bots"] = 33000,
["Module:Arguments"] = 35800000,
["Module:Armenian"] = 2700,
["Module:Arrowverse_redirect_category_handler"] = 2000,
["Module:Article_history"] = 51000,
["Module:Article_history/Category"] = 51000,
["Module:Article_history/config"] = 51000,
["Module:Article_history/styles.css"] = 51000,
["Module:Article_stub_box"] = 2380000,
["Module:Article_stub_box/styles.css"] = 2380000,
["Module:Articles_by_class"] = 50000,
["Module:Asbox_stubtree"] = 41000,
["Module:Attached_KML"] = 14000,
["Module:Attached_KML/styles.css"] = 14000,
["Module:Australian_place_map"] = 16000,
["Module:Authority_control"] = 2200000,
["Module:Authority_control/auxiliary"] = 705000,
["Module:Authority_control/config"] = 2200000,
["Module:Auto_date_formatter"] = 15000,
["Module:Automated_taxobox"] = 480000,
["Module:Autotaxobox"] = 623000,
}

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{{Lua sidebar}}

== Notelist inside infobox ==

There is a request at [[Template talk:Infobox sports season]] to implement [[Help:explanatory notes|explanatory notes]] inside the infobox, to avoid the notes getting confused with other groups of notes lower down the article. Apparently this has already been done at [[Template:Infobox college basketball team]]. I'm posting here in case anyone has an opinion about this, or whether this could more efficiently be coded at the meta module instead. — Martin <small>([[User:MSGJ|MSGJ]] · [[User talk:MSGJ|talk]])</small> 21:42, 23 June 2025 (UTC)

:So just to be clear there are infoboxs out there that have the footnotes at the end of the info box making the box longer with notes that are in very small text? Why would we clutter the lead in this way? I think I have seen this before..... this is something that pop culture articles do? <span style="display:inline-flex;rotate:-15deg;color:darkblue">'''[[User:Moxy|Moxy]]'''</span><span style="display:inline-flex;rotate:15deg;color:darkblue">[[User talk:Moxy|🍁]]</span> 22:17, 23 June 2025 (UTC)
::I have not noticed these infoboxes previously. I think small text is a bad idea because infoboxes are already at a smaller size. The proposal at Infobox sports season is a collapsed box with the notes in — Martin <small>([[User:MSGJ|MSGJ]] · [[User talk:MSGJ|talk]])</small> 22:29, 23 June 2025 (UTC)
:::Its odd we have groups of article's so different than others and want to hide things all the time making things unaccessible. Like [[Template:Toronto Raptors]] .... why are we hiding all the links in the header? <span style="display:inline-flex;rotate:-15deg;color:darkblue">'''[[User:Moxy|Moxy]]'''</span><span style="display:inline-flex;rotate:15deg;color:darkblue">[[User talk:Moxy|🍁]]</span> 22:37, 23 June 2025 (UTC)
::::It's against [[MOS:COLOUR]] which says {{tq|Links should be clearly identifiable as links for readers.}} For some time now, I have been suggesting that ''if'' navboxes need colours that are not the default, the approach taken by the religious people has its merits. See for example [[Tricia Hillas#References|the navboxes at Tricia Hillas]]. Only the topmost bar is styled, to have: background white; unlinked text black; linked text default; top and bottom borders coloured. --[[User:Redrose64|<span style="color:#a80000; background:#ffeeee; text-decoration:inherit">Red</span>rose64]] 🌹 ([[User talk:Redrose64|talk]]) 08:18, 24 June 2025 (UTC)
:::::Why are we talking about colour? It is not relevant to what is being discussed here — Martin <small>([[User:MSGJ|MSGJ]] · [[User talk:MSGJ|talk]])</small> 10:07, 24 June 2025 (UTC)
::::::Moxy asked "why are we hiding all the links in the header?" To me they're hidden by being the same colour as the unlined text. --[[User:Redrose64|<span style="color:#a80000; background:#ffeeee; text-decoration:inherit">Red</span>rose64]] 🌹 ([[User talk:Redrose64|talk]]) 21:15, 24 June 2025 (UTC)
:::::::.... Perhaps I better be more clear here. Why is it that sports projects go out of their way to hide links and information in most of their templates..... for example colored links and of hiding the sources/notes in an info box. <span style="display:inline-flex;rotate:-15deg;color:darkblue">'''[[User:Moxy|Moxy]]'''</span><span style="display:inline-flex;rotate:15deg;color:darkblue">[[User talk:Moxy|🍁]]</span> 22:04, 24 June 2025 (UTC)
:::To the original question: examples please, of where these notes are present within the infobox. --[[User:Redrose64|<span style="color:#a80000; background:#ffeeee; text-decoration:inherit">Red</span>rose64]] 🌹 ([[User talk:Redrose64|talk]]) 08:18, 24 June 2025 (UTC)
::::There are some examples in the [[Template:Infobox sports season/testcases|/testcases]] — Martin <small>([[User:MSGJ|MSGJ]] · [[User talk:MSGJ|talk]])</small> 10:08, 24 June 2025 (UTC)
FWIW, I fixed the [[MOS:SMALLFONT]] accessibility problem at {{tl|Infobox college basketball team}} that was caused by embedding a {{tl|notelist}} inside an infobox. That sort of fix would be needed for any other infobox that included the same embedding. You can see notes in an infobox at [[LIU Sharks men's basketball]]. – [[User:Jonesey95|Jonesey95]] ([[User talk:Jonesey95|talk]]) 20:09, 26 June 2025 (UTC)

:{{re|Jonesey95}} I added your solution to the accessibility problem to [[Help:Footnotes#Issues]]. Inspired by a comment from [[User:MSGJ|MSGJ]], I looked at several infoboxes that allow for the display of footnotes. They generally do so by creating a series of parameters, which limits the number of footnotes available (not necessarily a bad thing). I did not find any others that call {{tlx|notelist}}, which seems far more simple to me. Hopefully, if anyone else decides to implement this, they will see the note I left on the help page. I'm glad MSGJ reached out this talk page for advice. Thanks for your help. [[User:Taxman1913|Taxman1913]] ([[User talk:Taxman1913|talk]]) 19:02, 14 July 2025 (UTC)

== Overridden dark mode background is almost but not identical to default ==

[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module:Infobox/styles.css&oldid=1295905060#L-33--L-50 These lines] override some backgrounds in dark mode to <code>#1f1f23</code>. This is very close to the default infobox background of <code>--background-color-interactive-subtle</code> (<code>#202122</code>), but neither exactly the same nor different enough to distinguish these elements from the rest of the infobox. Is this intentional? [[User:EvenTwist41|EvenTwist41]] ([[User talk:EvenTwist41|talk]]) 01:21, 17 September 2025 (UTC)

== Collapsing Infoboxes? ==

I know if this isn't the perfect place to be discussing transclusion, but I've noticed a couple of timeline templates using the infobox template, that have the ability to collapse. Like these:

[[Template:Paramount Skydance evolution]]

[[Template:WildBrain evolution]]

I'm struggling to incorporate this on a MediaWiki wiki I'm creating. ([https://altcyclopedia.miraheze.org/wiki/Template:Paramount_evolution Template:Paramount evolution - Altcyclopedia]) Any idea how to do it? - [[User:BiggieSMLZ|BiggieSMLZ]] ([[User talk:BiggieSMLZ|talk]]) 21:30, 4 October 2025 (UTC)

:The classes in use in those templates are <code>collapsible</code> and its friend. These classes are aliased locally to <code>mw-collapsible</code> and its friend, which is the [[:mw:Manual:Collapsible elements|standard name]]. Try those names instead. [[User:Izno|Izno]] ([[User talk:Izno|talk]]) 04:52, 5 October 2025 (UTC)
::I inserted <code>mw-collapsible</code> in place of <code>collapsed</code> on my template ([https://altcyclopedia.miraheze.org/wiki/Template:Paramount_evolution?action=edit) , but it still had no effect. [[User:BiggieSMLZ|BiggieSMLZ]] ([[User talk:BiggieSMLZ|talk]]) 09:59, 5 October 2025 (UTC)

== Patch: make {{para|decat|yes}} prevent categorization from [[Module:Infobox]] under [[:Category:Pages using infobox templates with ignored data cells]] too ==

{{edit template-protected|answered=yes}}

If you change line #167 in [[Module:Infobox]] from
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">
if rowArgs.data then
</syntaxhighlight>

to

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">
if rowArgs.data and (args.decat ~= 'yes') then
</syntaxhighlight>

then {{para|decat|yes}} will also prevent categorizing because of ignored data cells.

I'd also suggest changing the module to use [[Module:Yesno]] since {{para|decat|Yes}} doesn't work as intended, for example, as I discovered before adding the right parameter to the first example under [[Template:Infobox/doc#Examples]] in my local copy of the doc. [[User:Tactica|Tactica]] ([[User talk:Tactica|talk]]) 19:50, 14 October 2025 (UTC)
: {{Done}} [[User:Pppery|* Pppery *]] [[User talk:Pppery|<sub style="color:#800000">it has begun...</sub>]] 23:40, 12 December 2025 (UTC)

== Can the blank rows on child infoboxes be fixed? ==

(This discussion started at [[Template talk:Infobox social media personality#Layout]] when a user reported an infobox with two blank rows. I'm copying over my text from there.)

The blank rows are related to embedding using {{para|child|yes}}. Almost all of the [[Template:Infobox social media personality/testcases|testcases]] have a blank line or two, on both desktop and mobile, with this markup:

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow: auto"><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1316064257"></td></tr></syntaxhighlight>

One blank line is always created at the beginning of this wrapper template (in-between {{tl|Infobox person}}'s rows and the custom rows for this infobox), and a second is created when embedding this template into another. Both are direct results of {{para|child|yes}}, which creates a blank row where {{para|title}} would be listed. It simply does not suppress this row if the title is left blank. The blank row does NOT occur if you embed using {{para|subbox|yes}} instead.
This issue is actually already mentioned at [[Template:Infobox#Embedding]]. A workaround/solution is listed but it would have to be applied everywhere that {{para|child|yes}} is used. This is something that should be fixed directly at [[Module:Infobox]] instead.
<hr>
Can this possibly be fixed by someone familiar with how this module functions? I've searched through the talk page archives and it seems like this [[Template_talk:Infobox/Archive_18#Fix_for_empty_cells_with_child_boxes|issue may have been fixed in the past.]] [[User:Prefall|<span style="color: #990000">Pre</span>]]'''[[User talk:Prefall|<span style="color: #990000">fall</span>]]''' 21:09, 15 October 2025 (UTC)

:The lack of suppression for this row is not shocking. It has to do with how infobox just magically sucks up child infoboxes into its structure. (That hack may somewhen go away, but not anytime soon.)
:@[[User:Frietjes|Frietjes]], if you're around, since you solved some of this the last go around. [[User:Izno|Izno]] ([[User talk:Izno|talk]]) 23:53, 16 October 2025 (UTC)
:: [[User:Izno|Izno]], it's been sometime since I looked at this code. my guess right now is that if we change the code block starting near line 52 to move the categories and templatestyles outside of the cells and to the top of the output this could fix the problem. I will try to find some time to look at it, but I need to brush up on my string processing commands first. [[User:Frietjes|Frietjes]] ([[User talk:Frietjes|talk]]) 17:05, 20 October 2025 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Frietjes}} I know you have a ton of other things you are working on, but I just want to voice that I would '''love''' to see this fixed... It is causing an issue with basically anything that uses {{para|module}} via [[Module:Template wrapper]]. For example all the Infoboxes in {{clc|Category:Templates calling Infobox sportsperson}} or {{clc|Category:Templates calling Infobox person}} have this issue. If I can be helpful in anyway, please ping me! '''[[User:Zackmann08|<span style="color:#00ced1">Zack</span><span style="color:#007F94">mann</span>]]''' (<sup>[[User_talk:Zackmann08|Talk to me]]</sup>/<sub>[[Special:Contributions/Zackmann08|<span style="color:orange;">What I been doing</span>]]</sub>) 07:25, 22 October 2025 (UTC)
::::{{u|Zackmann08}}, feel free to work on it if you want. the "fixChildBoxes" function is supposed to make the output tidy by making sure the td, th, and tr tags are properly matched, but that might not be working either right now. the two ways I can see making this work are (a) have the generated empty rows styled with "display:none" or (b) detect when a child box is being passed without any content outside of the child box and insert that directly, without having it inside of a table cell. the second option seems nicer since it doesn't have extra blank rows marked as "display:none". [[User:Frietjes|Frietjes]] ([[User talk:Frietjes|talk]]) 17:12, 22 October 2025 (UTC)
:::::{{ping|Frietjes}} so this may be beyond my talents, but I'll take a stab at it tonight. '''[[User:Zackmann08|<span style="color:#00ced1">Zack</span><span style="color:#007F94">mann</span>]]''' (<sup>[[User_talk:Zackmann08|Talk to me]]</sup>/<sub>[[Special:Contributions/Zackmann08|<span style="color:orange;">What I been doing</span>]]</sub>) 17:20, 22 October 2025 (UTC)
::::::Tried anything yet? [[User:Cosmo Skerry|Cosmo Skerry]] ([[User talk:Cosmo Skerry|talk]]) 22:22, 23 October 2025 (UTC)
:::::::I will confess I have not... I've been stuck on other projects. {{smiley|sad}} '''[[User:Zackmann08|<span style="color:#00ced1">Zack</span><span style="color:#007F94">mann</span>]]''' (<sup>[[User_talk:Zackmann08|Talk to me]]</sup>/<sub>[[Special:Contributions/Zackmann08|<span style="color:orange;">What I been doing</span>]]</sub>) 22:26, 23 October 2025 (UTC)

== image flip ==

Is there a way to flip images in an infobox? The image flip template does not seem to work with it. ← [[User:Metallurgist|Metallurgist]] ([[User talk:Metallurgist|talk]]) 00:49, 2 December 2025 (UTC)
:I'm pretty sure that there was a discussion on this some years ago, the overwhelming consensus being that image flipping (left to right) was not to be encouraged, because it could be seen as misleading; but I can't find it now. That said, our image policies and guidelines are spread about over many pages, and it's often difficult to find even simple things - like the policy on recommended sizes is not on the same page as the policy on captions. --[[User:Redrose64|<span style="color:#a80000; background:#ffeeee; text-decoration:inherit">Red</span>rose64]] 🌹 ([[User talk:Redrose64|talk]]) 16:48, 2 December 2025 (UTC)

Module:Infobox/doc

2025-12-20T18:53:17Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

{{High-use|3308957|all-pages = yes}}
{{module rating|protected}}
{{Lua|Module:Italic title|Module:Navbar|Module:Yesno}}
{{Uses TemplateStyles|Module:Infobox/styles.css|Template:Hlist/styles.css|Template:Plainlist/styles.css}}

'''Module:Infobox''' is a [[WP:Module|module]] that implements the {{tl|Infobox}} template. Please see the template page for usage instructions.

== Tracking categories ==
* {{clc|Pages using infobox templates with ignored data cells}}
* {{clc|Articles using infobox templates with no data rows}}
* {{clc|Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter}}

<includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||
[[Category:Modules that add a tracking category]]
[[Category:Wikipedia infoboxes]]
[[Category:Infobox modules]]
[[Category:Modules that check for strip markers]]
}}</includeonly><noinclude>
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
</noinclude>

Template:Template rating

2025-12-20T18:53:15Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

<includeonly>{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#switch:{{Namespace detect|template=t|module=m|demospace={{{demospace|}}}|page={{{demopage|}}}}}
|m
|t = {{ombox
| type = notice
| image = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{1|}}}}}
| pre-alpha | prealpha | pa | experimental = [[File:Ambox warning blue construction.svg|40x40px|link=|alt=]]
| alpha | a = [[File:Greek lc alpha icon.svg|class=skin-invert|26x26px|link=|alt=]]
| beta | b = [[File:Greek lc beta icon.svg|class=skin-invert|40x40px|link=|alt=]]
| release | r | general | g | stable | protected | protect | p | semiprotected | semiprotect | semi = [[File:Green check.svg|40x40px|link=|alt=]]
| broken | br | unstable = [[File:Red x.svg|40x40px|link=|alt=]]
| deprecated | d | defunct = [[File:Historical.svg|40x40px|link=|alt=]]
}}
| style =
| textstyle =
| text = {{#switch: {{lc:{{{1|}}}}}
| pre-alpha | prealpha | pa | experimental = This [[Wikipedia:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}|{{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}]] is rated as [[:Category:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}s in pre-alpha development|pre-alpha]]. It is incomplete and may or may not be in active development. Do not use it in [[Wikipedia:Article namespace|article namespace]] pages. A {{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}} remains in pre-alpha until its developer, or another editor who adopts it if it is abandoned for some time, considers the basic structure complete.
| alpha | a = This [[Wikipedia:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}|{{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}]] is rated as [[:Category:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}s in alpha|alpha]]. It is ready for limited use and third-party feedback. It may be used on a small number of pages, but should be monitored closely. Suggestions for new features or adjustments to input and output are welcome.
| beta | b = This [[Wikipedia:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}|{{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}]] is rated as [[:Category:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}s in beta|beta]]. It is considered ready for widespread use, but as it is still relatively new, it should be applied with some caution to ensure results are as expected.
| release | r | general | g | stable | protected | protect | p | semiprotected | semiprotect | semi = This [[Wikipedia:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}|{{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}]] is rated as [[:Category:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}s for general use|ready for general use]]. It has reached a mature state, is considered relatively stable and bug-free, and may be used wherever appropriate. It can be mentioned on [[Wikipedia:Help pages|help pages]] and other Wikipedia resources as an option for new users. To minimise server load and avoid disruptive output, improvements should be developed through [[Wikipedia:Template sandbox and test cases|sandbox testing]] rather than repeated trial-and-error editing.
| broken | br | unstable = This [[Wikipedia:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}|{{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}]] is rated as [[:Category:Unstable {{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}s|unstable]]. It has missing dependencies, compatibility issues, or output errors that make it unusable. Editors are encouraged to [[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|improve its compatibility]] or [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion|nominate it for deletion]] if it cannot be fixed.
| deprecated | d | defunct = This [[Wikipedia:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}|{{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}]] is rated as '''[[:Category:Deprecated {{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}s|deprecated]]''' and defunct.{{#if:{{{replaced|}}}|{{space}}It is recommended editors use '''{{{replaced}}}'''.}}{{#if:{{{message|}}}|{{space}}{{{message}}}}}
| #default = {{error|Page using [[Template:Template rating]] with <u>invalid</u> template or module rating in {{para|1}} parameter.}}[[Category:Pages using template rating template with unknown parameters|{{FULLPAGENAME}}]]
}}
}}{{#if:{{{demopage|}}}{{{demospace|}}}||
{{#switch: {{lc:{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}
| doc | sandbox =
| {{#ifeq: {{{nocat|}}} | true
| 
| {{#switch: {{lc:{{{1|}}}}}
| pre-alpha | prealpha | pa | experimental = [[Category:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}s in pre-alpha development|{{PAGENAME}}]]
| alpha | a = [[Category:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}s in alpha|{{PAGENAME}}]]
| beta | b = [[Category:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}s in beta|{{PAGENAME}}]]
| release | r | general | g | stable | protected | p | semiprotected | semiprotect | semi = [[Category:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}s for general use|{{PAGENAME}}]]
| deprecated | d | defunct = [[Category:Deprecated {{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}s|{{PAGENAME}}]]
| broken | br | unstable = [[Category:Unstable {{lc:{{NAMESPACE:{{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}s|{{PAGENAME}}]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
| #default = {{if preview|1={{error|Error: {{tl|Template rating}} can only be used on pages in the [[Wikipedia:Template namespace|Template:]] or [[Wikipedia:Module namespace|Module: namespaces]].}}}}[[Category:Pages with templates in the wrong namespace]]
}}|{{If preview|1={{error|Page using [[Template:Template rating]] with <u>empty</u> {{para|1}} module rating parameter.}}}}[[Category:Pages using template rating template with unknown parameters|{{FULLPAGENAME}}]]}}{{#switch:{{Namespace detect|template=t|module=m|demospace={{{demospace|}}}}}
|t|m = {{#if:{{{suppress-pp|}}}
|
|{{#switch:{{#invoke:Effective protection level|edit|1={{{demopage|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}
|*|user = 
|#default = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}|doc
|{{pp|{{{2|{{{doc-reason|}}}}}}|action={{{3|{{{doc-action|}}}}}}}}
-->|{{pp|1={{{reason|{{{doc-reason|}}}}}}|action={{{action|{{{doc-action|}}}}}}|demolevel={{{demolevel|}}}}}}}}}}}
|#default = }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters| check
| unknown = {{#if:{{{demopage|}}}{{{demospace|}}}||{{#switch:{{Namespace detect|template=t|module=m}}|m|t=[[Category:Pages using template rating template with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{FULLPAGENAME}}]]}}}}
| preview = Page using [[Template:Template rating]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"
| ignoreblank=y | demospace | demopage | 1 | 2 | 3 | reason | action | doc-reason | doc-action | nocat | replaced | message | demolevel | suppress-pp | demopage
}}</includeonly><noinclude>
{{template rating/sandbox|release|nocat=true|demospace=template|demopage=template:template rating|demolevel=edit}}
{{mbox|text=The above template is a demo.}}
{{documentation}}

</noinclude>

Module:Submit an edit request/config

2025-12-20T18:53:15Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

-- This module contains configuration data for [[Module:Submit an edit request]].

return {

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Messages
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- The default display value for edit requests.
['default-display-value'] = 'Submit an edit request',

-- The template that stores the edit request preload text
['preload-template'] = 'Template:Submit an edit request/preload',

-- The section heading that is generated when a user clicks on an edit request
-- link. $1 is the protection level text, e.g. "Semi-protected" or
-- "Template-protected". $2 is the current date, in the format specified by the
-- "preload-title-date-format" message.
['preload-title-text'] = '$1 edit request on $2',

-- The date format for the automatically-generated section heading. The format
-- must be valid input for the #time parser function.
['preload-title-date-format'] = 'j F Y',

-- What do do with the generated section header if another header with the same section already exists
-- $1 is the original section header. $2 is an automatically generated number, starting at 2 and increasing
-- by one until a unique header is found.
['preload-title-dedup-suffix'] = '$1 ($2)',

-- The names of pages (and their subpages) that make up the content of the main page for this wiki
['main-page-content'] = {
['Wikipedia:Today\'s featured article'] = true,
['Template:In the news'] = true,
['Template:Did you know'] = true,
['Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries'] = true,
['Template:POTD protected'] = true,
['Wikipedia:Today\'s featured list'] = true
},

-- The page used to request changes to things on the Main Page.
['main-page-request-page'] = 'Wikipedia:Main Page/Errors',

-- The page used to request edits to protected talk pages.
['protected-talk-page-request-page'] = 'Wikipedia:Requests for page protection/Edit',

-- The names of the templates to be used as wrappers for the "link" and "button"
-- functions. These are passed as arguments to the "wrappers" option of
-- [[Module:Arguments]].
['link-wrapper-template'] = 'Template:Submit an edit request/link',
['button-wrapper-template'] = 'Template:Submit an edit request',

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Protection level config
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

protectionLevels = {

--[[
-- These settings are for the different protection levels which the module can
-- output edit request links for.
--
-- editintro:
-- The template to use as the edit intro users see when they click on an edit
-- request link.
--
-- request-template:
-- The name of the edit request template for that protection level. Do not
-- include the "Template:" text.
--
-- protectionlevel:
-- The name of the protection level, used for formatting the automatically-
-- generated section headings.
--]]

-- Semi-protection
semi = {
editintro = 'Template:Edit semi-protected/editintro',
requestTemplate = 'edit semi-protected',
levelText = 'Semi-protected',
},

-- Extended-confirmed-protection
extended = {
editintro = 'Template:Edit extended-protected/editintro',
requestTemplate = 'edit extended-protected',
levelText = 'Extended-confirmed-protected',
},

-- Template-protection
template = {
editintro = 'Template:Edit template-protected/editintro',
requestTemplate = 'edit template-protected',
levelText = 'Template-protected',
},

-- Full protection
full = {
editintro = 'Template:Edit protected/editintro',
requestTemplate = 'edit fully-protected',
levelText = 'Protected',
},

-- Interface-protection
interface = {
editintro = 'Template:Edit interface-protected/editintro',
requestTemplate = 'edit interface-protected',
levelText = 'Interface-protected',
},

}

}

Module:Submit an edit request

2025-12-20T18:53:15Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

-- This module implements {{Submit an edit request}}.

local CONFIG_MODULE = 'Module:Submit an edit request/config'

-- Load necessary modules
local mRedirect = require('Module:Redirect')
local cfg = mw.loadData(CONFIG_MODULE)
local effectiveProtectionLevel = require('Module:Effective protection level')._main
local escape = require("Module:String")._escapePattern
local lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage()

local p = {}

local validLevels = {
semi = 'semi',
extended = 'extended',
template = 'template',
full = 'full',
interface = 'interface',
manual = 'manual'
}

local function message(key, ...)
local params = {...}
local msg = cfg[key]
if #params < 1 then
return msg
else
return mw.message.newRawMessage(msg):params(params):plain()
end
end

local function validateLevel(level)
return level and validLevels[level] or 'full'
end

local function getLevelInfo(level, field)
return cfg.protectionLevels[level][field]
end

local function resolveRedirect(page)
return mRedirect.luaMain(page)
end

local function isProtected(page)
local action = mw.title.new(page).exists and 'edit' or 'create'
return effectiveProtectionLevel(action, page) ~= '*'
end

function p.makeRequestUrl(level, titleObj)
titleObj = titleObj or mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
local basePage = titleObj.basePageTitle.fullText
if cfg['main-page-content'][basePage] then
return tostring(mw.uri.fullUrl(message('main-page-request-page')))
end

local talkPageName = titleObj.talkPageTitle
if talkPageName == nil then
return tostring(mw.uri.fullUrl(message('protected-talk-page-request-page')))
end
talkPageName = resolveRedirect(talkPageName.prefixedText)
if isProtected(talkPageName) then
return tostring(mw.uri.fullUrl(message('protected-talk-page-request-page')))
end
level = validateLevel(level)
if level == 'manual' then
return tostring(mw.uri.fullUrl(talkPageName, {
action = 'edit',
section = 'new'
}))
end
local sectionname = message(
'preload-title-text',
getLevelInfo(level, 'levelText'),
lang:formatDate(message('preload-title-date-format'))
)
local content = mw.title.new(talkPageName):getContent()
if content and content:find("== *" .. escape(sectionname) .. " *==") then
local dedup = 2
while true do
local newname = message("preload-title-dedup-suffix", sectionname, dedup)
if not content:find("== *" .. escape(newname) .. " *==") then
sectionname = newname
break
end
dedup = dedup + 1
end
end
local url = mw.uri.fullUrl(talkPageName, {
action = 'edit',
editintro = getLevelInfo(level, 'editintro'),
preload = message('preload-template'),
preloadtitle = sectionname,
section = 'new'
})
url = tostring(url)

-- Add the preload parameters. @TODO: merge this into the mw.uri.fullUrl
-- query table once [[phab:T93059]] is fixed.
local function encodeParam(key, val)
return string.format('&%s=%s', mw.uri.encode(key), mw.uri.encode(val))
end
url = url .. encodeParam('preloadparams[]', getLevelInfo(level, 'requestTemplate'))
url = url .. encodeParam('preloadparams[]', titleObj.prefixedText)

return url
end

function p._link(args)
return string.format(
'<span class="plainlinks">[%s %s]</span>',
p.makeRequestUrl(args.type),
args.display or message('default-display-value')
)
end

function p._button(args)
return require('Module:Clickable button').main{
[1] = args.display or message('default-display-value'),
url = p.makeRequestUrl(args.type),
class = 'mw-ui-progressive'
}
end

local function makeInvokeFunc(func, wrapper)
return function (frame)
local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame, {
wrappers = {wrapper}
})
return func(args)
end
end

p.link = makeInvokeFunc(p._link, message('link-wrapper-template'))
p.button = makeInvokeFunc(p._button, message('button-wrapper-template'))

return p

Template:Module rating

2025-12-20T18:53:14Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

#REDIRECT [[Template:Template rating]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from merge}}
{{R mentioned in hatnote}}
}}

Template:Pp

2025-12-20T18:53:14Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

#REDIRECT [[Template:Protection padlock]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
{{R from template shortcut}}
}}

Template:Namespace detect

2025-12-20T18:53:14Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

{{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Namespace detect|main}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}

</noinclude>

Module:Namespace detect/config

2025-12-20T18:53:14Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Namespace detect configuration data --
-- --
-- This module stores configuration data for Module:Namespace detect. Here --
-- you can localise the module to your wiki's language. --
-- --
-- To activate a configuration item, you need to uncomment it. This means --
-- that you need to remove the text "-- " at the start of the line. --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local cfg = {} -- Don't edit this line.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Parameter names --
-- These configuration items specify custom parameter names. Values added --
-- here will work in addition to the default English parameter names. --
-- To add one extra name, you can use this format: --
-- --
-- cfg.foo = 'parameter name' --
-- --
-- To add multiple names, you can use this format: --
-- --
-- cfg.foo = {'parameter name 1', 'parameter name 2', 'parameter name 3'} --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---- This parameter displays content for the main namespace:
-- cfg.main = 'main'

---- This parameter displays in talk namespaces:
-- cfg.talk = 'talk'

---- This parameter displays content for "other" namespaces (namespaces for which
---- parameters have not been specified):
-- cfg.other = 'other'

---- This parameter makes talk pages behave as though they are the corresponding
---- subject namespace. Note that this parameter is used with [[Module:Yesno]].
---- Edit that module to change the default values of "yes", "no", etc.
-- cfg.subjectns = 'subjectns'

---- This parameter sets a demonstration namespace:
-- cfg.demospace = 'demospace'

---- This parameter sets a specific page to compare:
cfg.demopage = 'page'

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Table configuration --
-- These configuration items allow customisation of the "table" function, --
-- used to generate a table of possible parameters in the module --
-- documentation. --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---- The header for the namespace column in the wikitable containing the list of
---- possible subject-space parameters.
-- cfg.wikitableNamespaceHeader = 'Namespace'

---- The header for the wikitable containing the list of possible subject-space
---- parameters.
-- cfg.wikitableAliasesHeader = 'Aliases'

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- End of configuration data --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

return cfg -- Don't edit this line.

Module:Namespace detect/data

2025-12-20T18:53:13Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Namespace detect data --
-- This module holds data for [[Module:Namespace detect]] to be loaded per --
-- page, rather than per #invoke, for performance reasons. --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local cfg = require('Module:Namespace detect/config')

local function addKey(t, key, defaultKey)
if key ~= defaultKey then
t[#t + 1] = key
end
end

-- Get a table of parameters to query for each default parameter name.
-- This allows wikis to customise parameter names in the cfg table while
-- ensuring that default parameter names will always work. The cfg table
-- values can be added as a string, or as an array of strings.

local defaultKeys = {
'main',
'talk',
'other',
'subjectns',
'demospace',
'demopage'
}

local argKeys = {}
for i, defaultKey in ipairs(defaultKeys) do
argKeys[defaultKey] = {defaultKey}
end

for defaultKey, t in pairs(argKeys) do
local cfgValue = cfg[defaultKey]
local cfgValueType = type(cfgValue)
if cfgValueType == 'string' then
addKey(t, cfgValue, defaultKey)
elseif cfgValueType == 'table' then
for i, key in ipairs(cfgValue) do
addKey(t, key, defaultKey)
end
end
cfg[defaultKey] = nil -- Free the cfg value as we don't need it any more.
end

local function getParamMappings()
--[[
-- Returns a table of how parameter names map to namespace names. The keys
-- are the actual namespace names, in lower case, and the values are the
-- possible parameter names for that namespace, also in lower case. The
-- table entries are structured like this:
-- {
-- [''] = {'main'},
-- ['wikipedia'] = {'wikipedia', 'project', 'wp'},
-- ...
-- }
--]]
local mappings = {}
local mainNsName = mw.site.subjectNamespaces[0].name
mainNsName = mw.ustring.lower(mainNsName)
mappings[mainNsName] = mw.clone(argKeys.main)
mappings['talk'] = mw.clone(argKeys.talk)
for nsid, ns in pairs(mw.site.subjectNamespaces) do
if nsid ~= 0 then -- Exclude main namespace.
local nsname = mw.ustring.lower(ns.name)
local canonicalName = mw.ustring.lower(ns.canonicalName)
mappings[nsname] = {nsname}
if canonicalName ~= nsname then
table.insert(mappings[nsname], canonicalName)
end
for _, alias in ipairs(ns.aliases) do
table.insert(mappings[nsname], mw.ustring.lower(alias))
end
end
end
return mappings
end

return {
argKeys = argKeys,
cfg = cfg,
mappings = getParamMappings()
}

Module:Namespace detect

2025-12-20T18:53:12Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

--[[
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- --
-- NAMESPACE DETECT --
-- --
-- This module implements the {{namespace detect}} template in Lua, with a --
-- few improvements: all namespaces and all namespace aliases are supported, --
-- and namespace names are detected automatically for the local wiki. The --
-- module can also use the corresponding subject namespace value if it is --
-- used on a talk page. Parameter names can be configured for different wikis --
-- by altering the values in the "cfg" table in --
-- Module:Namespace detect/config. --
-- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]

local data = mw.loadData('Module:Namespace detect/data')
local argKeys = data.argKeys
local cfg = data.cfg
local mappings = data.mappings

local yesno = require('Module:Yesno')
local mArguments -- Lazily initialise Module:Arguments
local mTableTools -- Lazily initilalise Module:TableTools
local ustringLower = mw.ustring.lower

local p = {}

local function fetchValue(t1, t2)
-- Fetches a value from the table t1 for the first key in array t2 where
-- a non-nil value of t1 exists.
for i, key in ipairs(t2) do
local value = t1[key]
if value ~= nil then
return value
end
end
return nil
end

local function equalsArrayValue(t, value)
-- Returns true if value equals a value in the array t. Otherwise
-- returns false.
for i, arrayValue in ipairs(t) do
if value == arrayValue then
return true
end
end
return false
end

function p.getPageObject(page)
-- Get the page object, passing the function through pcall in case of
-- errors, e.g. being over the expensive function count limit.
if page then
local success, pageObject = pcall(mw.title.new, page)
if success then
return pageObject
else
return nil
end
else
return mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
end
end

-- Provided for backward compatibility with other modules
function p.getParamMappings()
return mappings
end

local function getNamespace(args)
-- This function gets the namespace name from the page object.
local page = fetchValue(args, argKeys.demopage)
if page == '' then
page = nil
end
local demospace = fetchValue(args, argKeys.demospace)
if demospace == '' then
demospace = nil
end
local subjectns = fetchValue(args, argKeys.subjectns)
local ret
if demospace then
-- Handle "demospace = main" properly.
if equalsArrayValue(argKeys.main, ustringLower(demospace)) then
ret = mw.site.namespaces[0].name
else
ret = demospace
end
else
local pageObject = p.getPageObject(page)
if pageObject then
if pageObject.isTalkPage then
-- Get the subject namespace if the option is set,
-- otherwise use "talk".
if yesno(subjectns) then
ret = mw.site.namespaces[pageObject.namespace].subject.name
else
ret = 'talk'
end
else
ret = pageObject.nsText
end
else
return nil -- return nil if the page object doesn't exist.
end
end
ret = ret:gsub('_', ' ')
return ustringLower(ret)
end

function p._main(args)
-- Check the parameters stored in the mappings table for any matches.
local namespace = getNamespace(args) or 'other' -- "other" avoids nil table keys
local params = mappings[namespace] or {}
local ret = fetchValue(args, params)
--[[
-- If there were no matches, return parameters for other namespaces.
-- This happens if there was no text specified for the namespace that
-- was detected or if the demospace parameter is not a valid
-- namespace. Note that the parameter for the detected namespace must be
-- completely absent for this to happen, not merely blank.
--]]
if ret == nil then
ret = fetchValue(args, argKeys.other)
end
return ret
end

function p.main(frame)
mArguments = require('Module:Arguments')
local args = mArguments.getArgs(frame, {removeBlanks = false})
local ret = p._main(args)
return ret or ''
end

function p.table(frame)
--[[
-- Create a wikitable of all subject namespace parameters, for
-- documentation purposes. The talk parameter is optional, in case it
-- needs to be excluded in the documentation.
--]]

-- Load modules and initialise variables.
mTableTools = require('Module:TableTools')
local namespaces = mw.site.namespaces
local cfg = data.cfg
local useTalk = type(frame) == 'table'
and type(frame.args) == 'table'
and yesno(frame.args.talk) -- Whether to use the talk parameter.

-- Get the header names.
local function checkValue(value, default)
if type(value) == 'string' then
return value
else
return default
end
end
local nsHeader = checkValue(cfg.wikitableNamespaceHeader, 'Namespace')
local aliasesHeader = checkValue(cfg.wikitableAliasesHeader, 'Aliases')

-- Put the namespaces in order.
local mappingsOrdered = {}
for nsname, params in pairs(mappings) do
if useTalk or nsname ~= 'talk' then
local nsid = namespaces[nsname].id
-- Add 1, as the array must start with 1; nsid 0 would be lost otherwise.
nsid = nsid + 1
mappingsOrdered[nsid] = params
end
end
mappingsOrdered = mTableTools.compressSparseArray(mappingsOrdered)

-- Build the table.
local ret = '{| class="wikitable"'
.. '\n|-'
.. '\n! ' .. nsHeader
.. '\n! ' .. aliasesHeader
for i, params in ipairs(mappingsOrdered) do
for j, param in ipairs(params) do
if j == 1 then
ret = ret .. '\n|-'
.. '\n| <code>' .. param .. '</code>'
.. '\n| '
elseif j == 2 then
ret = ret .. '<code>' .. param .. '</code>'
else
ret = ret .. ', <code>' .. param .. '</code>'
end
end
end
ret = ret .. '\n|-'
.. '\n|}'
return ret
end

return p

Template:Cite news/doc

2025-12-20T18:53:06Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

<noinclude>{{pp-template}}</noinclude>
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{High-risk}}
{{cascade-protected template}}
{{csdoc|lua}}
{{csdoc|cs1}}
{{csdoc|lead|news articles in print, video, audio or web}}

== Usage ==
{{csdoc|usage}}
{{csdoc|usage common}}
;To cite a news article with a credited author
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite news |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |work= |location= |publisher= |access-date=}}</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite a news article with no credited author
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite news |author= |date= |title= |url= |work= |location= |publisher= |access-date=}}</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite an online news article that has been archived
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite news |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |work= |location= |publisher= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=}}</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite a news article written in a foreign language
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite news |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |trans-title= |work= |language= |location= |publisher= |access-date=}}</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language news article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |url-access= |trans-title= |format= |work= |language= |location= |publisher= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |via= |quote=}}</syntaxhighlight>
{{end}}

{{csdoc|usage full}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |display-authors= |author-mask1= |author-mask2= |collaboration= |df= |date= |year= |orig-date= |orig-year= |location= |editor-last1= |editor-first1= |editor-link1= |editor-last2= |editor-first2= |editor-link2= |display-editors= |editor-mask1= |editor-mask2= |title= |script-title= |title-link= |url= |url-access= |trans-title= |format= |department= |work= |script-work= |trans-work= |type= |series= |language= |volume= |issue= |interviewer-last1= |interviewer-first1= |interviewer-link1= |interviewer-last2= |interviewer-first2= |interviewer-link2= |display-interviewers= |interviewer-mask1= |interviewer-mask2= |translator-last1= |translator-first1= |translator-link1= |translator-last2= |translator-first2= |translator-link2= |display-translators= |translator-mask1= |translator-mask2= |others= |name-list-style= |edition= |publication-place= |publisher= |publication-date= |agency= |minutes= |time-caption= |time= |page= |pages= |at= |no-pp= |arxiv= |asin= |asin-tld= |bibcode= |bibcode-access= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi= |doi-access= |doi-broken-date= |eissn= |hdl= |hdl-access= |isbn= |ismn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |medrxiv= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc= |pmc-embargo-date= |pmid= |rfc= |sbn= |ssrn= |s2cid= |s2cid-access= |zbl= |id= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-format= |archive-date= |access-date= |via= |quote-page= |quote-pages= |quote= |script-quote= |trans-quote= |mode= |ref= |postscript=}}</syntaxhighlight>
{{end}}

{{csdoc|usage vertical common}}

;To cite a news article with a credited author
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite news
|last =
|first =
|date =
|title =
|url =
|work =
|location =
|publisher =
|access-date =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite a news article with no credited author
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite news
|author = 
|date =
|title =
|url =
|work =
|location =
|publisher =
|access-date =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite an online news article that has been archived
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite news
|last =
|first =
|date =
|title =
|url =
|work =
|location =
|publisher =
|url-status =
|archive-url =
|archive-date =
|access-date =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite a news article written in a foreign language
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite news
|last =
|first =
|date =
|title =
|url =
|trans-title =
|work =
|language =
|location =
|publisher =
|access-date =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language news article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite news
|last1 =
|first1 =
|last2 =
|first2 =
|date =
|title =
|url =
|url-access =
|trans-title =
|format =
|work =
|language =
|location =
|publisher =
|url-status =
|archive-url =
|archive-date =
|access-date =
|via =
|quote =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{end}}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Full parameter set in vertical format
! Parameters !! Prerequisites !! Brief instructions / notes !! Vertical list
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
|
| Author's last name or single name author. Don't link.
| rowspan="124" style="vertical-align:top;" | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite news
|last1 =
|first1 =
|author-link1 =
|last2 =
|first2 =
|author-link2 =
|display-authors =
|author-mask1 =
|author-mask2 =
|collaboration =
|df =
|date =
|year =
|orig-date =
|orig-year =
|location =
|editor-last1 =
|editor-first1 =
|editor-link1 =
|editor-last2 =
|editor-first2 =
|editor-link2 =
|display-editors =
|editor-mask1 =
|editor-mask2 =
|title =
|script-title =
|title-link =
|url =
|url-access =
|trans-title =
|format =
|department =
|work =
|script-work =
|trans-work =
|type =
|series =
|language =
|volume =
|issue =
|interviewer-last1 =
|interviewer-first1 =
|interviewer-link1 =
|interviewer-last2 =
|interviewer-first2 =
|interviewer-link2 =
|display-interviewers =
|interviewer-mask1 =
|interviewer-mask2 =
|translator-last1 =
|translator-first1 =
|translator-link1 =
|translator-last2 =
|translator-first2 =
|translator-link2 =
|display-translators =
|translator-mask1 =
|translator-mask2 =
|others =
|name-list-style =
|edition =
|publication-place =
|publisher =
|publication-date =
|agency =
|minutes =
|time-caption =
|time =
|page =
|pages =
|at =
|no-pp =
|arxiv =
|asin =
|asin-tld =
|bibcode =
|bibcode-access =
|biorxiv =
|citeseerx =
|doi =
|doi-access =
|doi-broken-date =
|eissn =
|hdl =
|hdl-access =
|isbn =
|ismn =
|issn =
|jfm =
|jstor =
|jstor-access =
|lccn =
|medrxiv =
|mr =
|oclc =
|ol =
|ol-access =
|osti =
|osti-access =
|pmc =
|pmc-embargo-date =
|pmid =
|rfc =
|sbn =
|ssrn =
|s2cid =
|s2cid-access =
|zbl =
|id =
|url-status =
|archive-url =
|archive-format =
|archive-date =
|access-date =
|via =
|quote-page =
|quote-pages =
|quote =
|script-quote =
|trans-quote =
|mode =
|ref =
|postscript =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|first1}}|or any of its aliases, including: first; given1; given; author-first1; author1-first; author-first; author-given1; author1-given; author-given; subject-first1; subject1-first; subject-first; subject-given1; subject1-given; subject-given; host1; and host}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| Author's first name. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|author-link1}}|or any of its aliases, including: author1-link; author-link; authorlink1; author1link; authorlink; subject-link1; subject1-link; and subject-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| Title of Wikipedia article about the first author. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for 2nd author. Don't link. Similar: <code>last3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|first2}}|or any of its aliases, including: given2; author-first2; author2-first; author-given2; author2-given; subject-first2; subject2-first; subject-given2; subject2-given; and host2}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for 2nd author. Don't link. Similar: <code>first3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|author-link2}}|or any of its aliases, including: author2-link; authorlink2; author2link; subject-link2; and subject2-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for 2nd author. Don't link. Similar: <code>author-link3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|display-authors}}|or alias display-subjects}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| Number (number of authors displayed) or <code>etal</code> (more authors)
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|author-mask1}}|or any of its aliases, including: author1-mask; author-mask; subject-mask1; subject1-mask; and subject-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| rowspan="2" | See [[#Display options|Display options]] below; not for lists of cited works
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|author-mask2}}|or any of its aliases, including: author2-mask; subject-mask2; and subject2-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
|-
| <code>collaboration</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
|-
| <code>df</code> || ||
|-
| <code>date</code> || ||
|-
| <code>year</code> || ||
|-
| <code>orig-date</code> || <code>date</code> or <code>year</code> ||
|-
| <code>orig-year</code> || <code>date</code> or <code>year</code> ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|location}}|or alias place}} || {{tooltip|{{codett|publisher}}|or alias institution}} || can be used for written-at location when <code>publication-place</code> is used for publication place
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
|
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for editor. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-first1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-first; editor-first; editor-given1; editor1-given; and editor-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for editor. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-link1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-link; and editor-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for editor. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-last; editor2; editor-surname2; and editor2-surname}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for 2nd editor. Don't link. Similar: <code>editor-last3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-first2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-first; editor-given2; and editor2-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-last; editor2; editor-surname2; and editor2-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for 2nd editor. Don't link. Similar: <code>editor-first3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-link2}}|or alias editor2-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-last; editor2; editor-surname2; and editor2-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for 2nd editor. Don't link. Similar: <code>editor-link3</code>, etc.
|-
| <code>display-editors</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| Like <code>display-authors</code>, but for editors
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-mask1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-mask; and editor-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| rowspan="2" | See [[#Display options|Display options]] below; not for lists of cited works
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-mask2}}|or alias editor2-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-last; editor2; editor-surname2; and editor2-surname}}
|-
| <code>title</code> || || This parameter is required.
|-
| <code>script-title</code> || ||
|-
| <code>title-link</code> || <code>title</code> or <code>script-title</code> || Name of a Wikipedia article about the work. Do not use if <code>url</code> is provided
|-
| <code>url</code> || <code>title</code> or <code>script-title</code> || Do not use if <code>title-link</code> is provided
|-
| <code>url-access</code> || <code>url</code> ||
|-
| <code>trans-title</code> || <code>title</code> or <code>script-title</code> ||
|-
| <code>format</code> || <code>url</code> ||
|-
| <code>department</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|work}}|or any of its aliases, including: journal; magazine; newspaper; periodical; and website}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|script-work}}|or any of its aliases, including: script-journal; script-magazine; script-newspaper; script-periodical; and script-website}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|trans-work}}|or any of its aliases, including: trans-journal; trans-magazine; trans-newspaper; trans-periodical; and trans-website}} || {{tooltip|{{codett|work}}|or any of its aliases, including: journal; magazine; newspaper; periodical; and website}} or {{tooltip|{{codett|script-work}}|or any of its aliases, including: script-journal; script-magazine; script-newspaper; script-periodical; and script-website}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|type}}|or alias medium}} || ||
|-
| <code>series</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|language}}|or alias lang}} || ||
|-
| <code>volume</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|issue}}|or alias number}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
|
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for interviewer. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-first1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-first; interviewer-first; interviewer-given1; interviewer1-given; and interviewer-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for interviewer. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-link1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-link; and interviewer-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for interviewer. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-last; interviewer2; interviewer-surname2; and interviewer2-surname}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for 2nd interviewer. Don't link. Similar: <code>interviewer-last3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-first2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-first; interviewer-given2; and interviewer2-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-last; interviewer2; interviewer-surname2; and interviewer2-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for 2nd interviewer. Don't link. Similar: <code>interviewer-first3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-link2}}|or alias interviewer2-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-last; interviewer2; interviewer-surname2; and interviewer2-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for 2nd interviewer. Don't link. Similar: <code>interviewer-link3</code>, etc.
|-
| <code>display-interviewers</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| Like <code>display-authors</code>, but for interviewers
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-mask1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-mask; and interviewer-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| rowspan="2" | See [[#Display options|Display options]] below; not for lists of cited works
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-mask2}}|or alias interviewer2-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-last; interviewer2; interviewer-surname2; and interviewer2-surname}}
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
|
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for translator. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-first1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-first; translator-first; translator-given1; translator1-given; and translator-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for translator. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-link1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-link; and translator-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for translator. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-last; translator2; translator-surname2; and translator2-surname}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for 2nd translator. Don't link. Similar: <code>translator-last3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-first2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-first; translator-given2; and translator2-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-last; translator2; translator-surname2; and translator2-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for 2nd translator. Don't link. Similar: <code>translator-first3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-link2}}|or alias translator2-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-last; translator2; translator-surname2; and translator2-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for 2nd translator. Don't link. Similar: <code>translator-link3</code>, etc.
|-
| <code>display-translators</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| Like <code>display-authors</code>, but for translators
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-mask1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-mask; and translator-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| rowspan="2" | See [[#Display options|Display options]] below; not for lists of cited works
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-mask2}}|or alias translator2-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-last; translator2; translator-surname2; and translator2-surname}}
|-
| <code>others</code> || ||
|-
| <code>name-list-style</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
| Set to <code>amp</code> or <code>ampersand</code> to separate the last author with {{nowrap|"<code> & </code>"}}; set to <code>and</code> to separate with {{nowrap|"<code> and </code>"}}
|-
| <code>edition</code> || ||
|-
| <code>publication-place</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|publisher}}|or alias institution}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|publisher}}|or alias institution}} || ||
|-
| <code>publication-date</code> || ||
|-
| <code>agency</code> || ||
|-
| <code>minutes</code> || ||
|-
| <code>time-caption</code> || <code>time</code> ||
|-
| <code>time</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|page}}|or alias p}} || || choose one: <code>page</code>, <code>pages</code>, or <code>at</code>
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|pages}}|or alias pp}} || || choose one: <code>page</code>, <code>pages</code>, or <code>at</code>. Use when content on multiple pages supports the article text.
|-
| <code>at</code> || || choose one: <code>page</code>, <code>pages</code>, or <code>at</code>
|-
| <code>no-pp</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|page}}|or alias p}} or {{tooltip|{{codett|pages}}|or alias pp}} || set to "yes" to suppress the "p." or "pp." before page numbers
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|arxiv}}|or alias eprint}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|asin}}|or alias ASIN}} || ||
|-
| <code>asin-tld</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|asin}}|or alias ASIN}} ||
|-
| <code>bibcode</code> || ||
|-
| <code>biorxiv</code> || ||
|-
| <code>biorxiv-access</code> || <code>biorxiv</code> ||
|-
| <code>citeseerx</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|doi}}|or alias DOI}} || ||
|-
| <code>doi-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|doi}}|or alias DOI}} ||
|-
| <code>doi-broken-date</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|doi}}|or alias DOI}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|eissn}}|or alias EISSN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|hdl}}|or alias HDL}} || ||
|-
| <code>hdl-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|hdl}}|or alias HDL}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|isbn}}|or alias ISBN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|ismn}}|or alias ISMN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|issn}}|or alias ISSN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|jfm}}|or alias JFM}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|jstor}}|or alias JSTOR}} || ||
|-
| <code>jstor-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|jstor}}|or alias JSTOR}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|lccn}}|or alias LCCN}} || ||
|-
| <code>medrxiv</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|mr}}|or alias MR}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|oclc}}|or alias OCLC}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|ol}}|or alias OL}} || ||
|-
| <code>ol-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|ol}}|or alias OL}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|osti}}|or alias OSTI}} || ||
|-
| <code>osti-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|osti}}|or alias OSTI}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|pmc}}|or alias PMC}} || ||
|-
| <code>pmc-embargo-date</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|pmc}}|or alias PMC}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|pmid}}|or alias PMID}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|rfc}}|or alias RFC}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|sbn}}|or alias SBN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|ssrn}}|or alias SSRN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|s2cid}}|or alias S2CID}} || ||
|-
| <code>s2cid-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|s2cid}}|or alias S2CID}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|zbl}}|or alias ZBL}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|id}}|or alias ID}} || ||
|-
| <code>url-status</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-url}}|or alias archiveurl}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-url}}|or alias archiveurl}} || {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-date}}|or alias archiveurl}}, <code>url</code> ||
|-
| <code>archive-format</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-url}}|or alias archiveurl}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-date}}|or alias archivedate}} || {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-url}}|or alias archiveurl}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|access-date}}|or alias accessdate}} || <code>url</code> ||
|-
| <code>via</code> || ||
|-
| <code>quote-page</code> || || choose one: <code>quote-page</code>, <code>quote-pages</code>
|-
| <code>quote-pages</code> || || choose one: <code>quote-page</code>, <code>quote-pages</code>. Use when quote contains contents from multiple pages.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|quote}}|or alias quotation}} || ||
|-
| <code>script-quote</code> || ||
|-
| <code>trans-quote</code> || ||
|-
| <code>mode</code> || || <code>cs1</code> or <code>cs2</code>
|-
| <code>ref</code> || ||
|-
| <code>postscript</code> || ||
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align: center" | If a field name is listed in the '''Prerequisites''' column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.
|}

=== Choosing between [[Template:cite web]] and [[Template:cite news]]<span class="anchor" id="Consistency"></span> ===
Previously, editors had to decide whether to use {{tl|cite web}} or {{tlf|cite news}} based on these templates' features. In 2014, however, ''most of'' the differences between the two templates were eliminated.

As of {{diff|Module:Citation/CS1|732205428|723907342|29 July 2016}}, {{tlf|cite web}} and {{tlf|cite news}} have the following differences:
* {{tlf|Cite news}} can be used for [[WP:OFFLINE|offline]] (paper) sources whereas {{tlf|cite web}} generates a missing URL error when no URL is provided
* {{tlf|Cite news}} accepts {{para|issue}} and {{para|volume}} parameters while {{tlf|cite web}} does not (see {{section link|Help:Citation Style 1#Pages}}, {{section link|1=Help talk:Citation Style 1/Archive 10|2=|volume=, |issue=, |page(s)= and cite magazine}} and {{tl|cite magazine}}.)
But given the same set of valid parameters, their output is exactly the same:

{|
| '''Cite web''': || {{cite web |url=https://blog.chron.com/techblog/2011/07/microsoft-envisions-a-universal-os-but-it-might-not-be-called-windows/ |title=Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows |last=Silverman |first=Dwight |date=July 15, 2011 |work=Houston Chronicle |publisher=Hearst Corporation |access-date=May 26, 2015|ref=none}}
|-
| '''Cite news''': || {{cite news |url=https://blog.chron.com/techblog/2011/07/microsoft-envisions-a-universal-os-but-it-might-not-be-called-windows/ |title=Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows |last=Silverman |first=Dwight |date=July 15, 2011 |work=Houston Chronicle |publisher=Hearst Corporation |access-date=May 26, 2015|ref=none}}
|}

== Examples ==
; A news article with a credited author
: <code><nowiki>{{cite news |last=Wolford |first=Ben |date=2013-10-16 |title=Citrus Canker Lawsuit Headed Back to Trial |url=http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/palm-beach/fl-citrus-canker-ruling-20131016,0,7602285.story |work=South Florida Sun-Sentinel |access-date=2013-10-17|ref=none}}</nowiki></code>
: Displays as:
* {{cite news |last=Wolford |first=Ben |date=2013-10-16 |title=Citrus Canker Lawsuit Headed Back to Trial |url=http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/palm-beach/fl-citrus-canker-ruling-20131016,0,7602285.story |work=South Florida Sun-Sentinel |access-date=2013-10-17|ref=none}}

; A news article released by a news agency and having no credited author
: <code><nowiki>{{cite news |author= |title=Bellingham Police Arrest WWU Student in Melee |url=http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2013/10/bellingham-police-arrest-wwu-student-in-melee/ |work=The Seattle Times |agency=Associated Press |date=2013-10-17 |access-date=2013-10-17|ref=none |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190134/http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2013/10/bellingham-police-arrest-wwu-student-in-melee/ |archive-date=3 Mar 2016 |url-status=dead}}</nowiki></code>
: Displays as:
* {{cite news |author= |title=Bellingham Police Arrest WWU Student in Melee |url=http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2013/10/bellingham-police-arrest-wwu-student-in-melee/ |work=The Seattle Times |agency=Associated Press |date=2013-10-17 |access-date=2013-10-17|ref=none |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190134/http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2013/10/bellingham-police-arrest-wwu-student-in-melee/ |archive-date=3 Mar 2016 |url-status=dead}}

; A news article that has been archived
: <code><nowiki>{{cite news |last=Pank |first=Philip |date=2013-10-18 |title=Families Accuse Network Rail of Cover-Up |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/business/industries/transport/article3897709.ece |url-status=dead |work=The Times |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118173559/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/business/industries/transport/article3897709.ece |archive-date=2014-01-18 |access-date=2013-10-18|ref=none}}</nowiki></code>
: Displays as:
* {{cite news |last=Pank |first=Philip |date=2013-10-18 |title=Families Accuse Network Rail of Cover-Up |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/business/industries/transport/article3897709.ece |url-status=dead |work=The Times |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118173559/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/business/industries/transport/article3897709.ece |archive-date=2014-01-18 |access-date=2013-10-18|ref=none}}

; A news article written in a foreign language
: <code><nowiki>{{cite news |last=Bourmaud |first=François-Xavier |date=2013-10-17 |title=Hollande dans le bourbier de l'affaire Leonarda |trans-title=Hollande in the quagmire of the Leonarda case |url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/2013/10/17/01002-20131017ARTFIG00575-hollande-dans-le-bourbier-de-l-affaire-leonarda.php |language=French |work=Le Figaro |location=Paris |access-date=2013-10-17|ref=none}}</nowiki></code>
: Displays as:
* {{cite news |last=Bourmaud |first=François-Xavier |date=2013-10-17 |title=Hollande dans le Bourbier de L'affaire Leonarda |trans-title=Holland in the Quagmire of the Leonarda Case |url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/2013/10/17/01002-20131017ARTFIG00575-hollande-dans-le-bourbier-de-l-affaire-leonarda.php |language=French |work=Le Figaro |location=Paris |access-date=2013-10-17|ref=none}}

; A clipped and archived news article that you quote, found on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
: <code><nowiki>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/30201172/daily_news/ |title=Czechs honor Yuri |date=30 April 1961 |newspaper=Daily News|access-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402233429/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/30201172/daily_news/|archive-date=2 April 2019|url-status=live |agency=Reuters |location=New York |page=35 |via=Newspapers.com |quote=Czech President [[Antonin Novotny]] today made visiting Soviet spaceman Yuri Gagarin a 'Hero of Socialist Labor'.|ref=none}}</nowiki></code>
: Displays as:
* {{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/30201172/daily_news/ |title=Czechs honor Yuri |date=30 April 1961 |newspaper=Daily News|access-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402233429/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/30201172/daily_news/|archive-date=2 April 2019|url-status=live |agency=Reuters |location=New York |page=35 |via=Newspapers.com |quote=Czech President [[Antonin Novotny]] today made visiting Soviet spaceman Yuri Gagarin a 'Hero of Socialist Labor'.|ref=none}}

== Parameters ==
=== Syntax ===
{{csdoc|syntax}}
{{csdoc|sep_period}}

=== COinS ===
{{csdoc|coins}}

=== What's new ===
{{csdoc|whats new}}

=== Deprecated ===
{{csdoc|deprecated}}

=== Description ===
==== Authors ====
{{csdoc|author|others=yes}}

==== Date ====
{{csdoc|date}}

==== Editors ====
{{csdoc|editor}}

==== Title ====
{{csdoc|title|title_format=quotes}}
{{csdoc|type}}
{{csdoc|language}}

==== <span class="anchor" id="url"></span>URL ====
{{csdoc|url}}

==== Periodical (work, newspaper, website) ====
{{csdoc|journal|department=yes}}

==== Edition, series, volume ====
{{csdoc|edition}}
{{csdoc|series}}
{{csdoc|volume}}

==== Publisher ====
{{csdoc|publisher}}
{{csdoc|agency}}

==== In-source locations ====
{{csdoc|time}}
{{csdoc|pages}}

==== Identifiers ====
{{distinguish|#Anchor}}
{{csdoc|id1}}
{{csdoc|id2}}

==== Subscription or registration required ====
{{csdoc|registration}}

==== Quote ====
{{csdoc|quote}}

==== Anchor ====
{{distinguish|#Identifiers}}
{{csdoc|ref}}

==== Display options ====
{{csdoc|display}}

== TemplateData ==
{{Warning |image=Stop hand nuvola.svg |This section contains configuration data used by editing tools and automated bots. Changes to this data can result in widespread and unintended effects. For more information see [[Help:Citation Style 1#TemplateData]]}}
{{TemplateData header}}
{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|template_data_validate|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}
<templatedata>
{
"description": "This template formats a citation to a news article in print, video, audio or web using the provided source information (e.g. author, publication, date) and various formatting options.",
"params": {
"url": {
"label": "URL",
"description": "The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type \"http://...\" or maybe even the protocol relative scheme \"//...\"",
"type": "url",
"suggested": true,
"aliases": [
"URL"
],
"example": "https://www.nytimes.com/..."
},
"title": {
"label": "Source title",
"description": "The title of the article as it appears in the source; displays in quotes",
"type": "string",
"required": true
},
"last": {
"label": "Last name",
"description": "The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'.",
"aliases": [
"last1",
"author",
"author1"
],
"suggested": true,
"type": "line"
},
"first": {
"label": "First name",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'.",
"aliases": [
"first1"
],
"suggested": true,
"type": "line"
},
"date": {
"label": "Source date",
"description": "Full date of the source; do not wikilink",
"type": "date",
"suggested": true
},
"publisher": {
"label": "Publisher",
"description": "Name of the parent institution or company that publishes the newspaper, magazine, or periodical; displays after name of the publication",
"type": "string",
"aliases": [
"institution"
],
"example": "[[Gannett]]"
},
"last2": {
"label": "Last name 2",
"description": "The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'.",
"aliases": [
"author2"
],
"type": "line"
},
"first2": {
"label": "First name 2",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"others": {
"label": "Others",
"description": "Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'",
"type": "string"
},
"year": {
"label": "Year of publication",
"description": "Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known",
"type": "string"
},
"editor-last": {
"label": "Editor last name",
"description": "The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor', and 'editors'",
"aliases": [
"editor-last1",
"editor1-last",
"editor-surname",
"editor-surname1",
"editor1-surname",
"editor",
"editor1"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor-first": {
"label": "Editor first name",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'",
"aliases": [
"editor-first1",
"editor1-first",
"editor-given",
"editor-given1",
"editor1-given"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor-link": {
"label": "Editor link",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link'",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"editor-link1"
]
},
"issue": {
"label": "Issue",
"description": "Issue identifier when the source is part of a series that is published periodically. Usually a number. Do not prepend with no. ",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"number"
],
"example": "4"
},
"department": {
"label": "Department",
"description": "Department within the periodical",
"type": "string"
},
"location": {
"label": "Location of publication",
"description": "Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'",
"type": "string",
"aliases": [
"place"
]
},
"publication-place": {
"label": "Place of publication",
"description": "Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'",
"type": "string"
},
"publication-date": {
"label": "Publication date",
"description": "Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink",
"type": "date",
"autovalue": ""
},
"agency": {
"label": "Agency",
"description": "The news agency (wire service) that provided the content",
"type": "string",
"example": "Associated Press, Reuters, Agence France-Presse"
},
"edition": {
"label": "Edition",
"description": "When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'",
"type": "string"
},
"volume": {
"label": "Volume",
"description": "For one publication published in several volumes. Usually a number. Do not prepend with vol. or v. ",
"type": "string",
"example": "3"
},
"page": {
"label": "Page",
"description": "Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'",
"type": "string"
},
"pages": {
"label": "Pages",
"description": "Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'",
"type": "string",
"example": "2–3",
"suggested": true
},
"no-pp": {
"label": "No pp",
"description": "Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')",
"type": "boolean",
"autovalue": "y"
},
"at": {
"label": "At",
"description": "May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient",
"type": "string"
},
"language": {
"label": "Language",
"description": "The language in which the source is written, if not English; use a two-letter language code (use ISO 639-1) or the full language name. Do not use icons or templates.",
"type": "string",
"example": "Spanish"
},
"script-title": {
"label": "Script title",
"description": "For titles in non Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek etc). Prefix with two-character language code followed by a colon. e.g |script-title=ja:東京タワ",
"type": "string"
},
"trans-title": {
"label": "Translated title",
"description": "An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended",
"type": "string"
},
"type": {
"label": "Type",
"description": "Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case",
"type": "string"
},
"format": {
"label": "Format",
"description": "Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML",
"type": "string"
},
"arxiv": {
"label": "arXiv identifier",
"description": "An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers",
"type": "string"
},
"asin": {
"label": "ASIN",
"description": "Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters",
"type": "string"
},
"asin-tld": {
"label": "ASIN TLD",
"description": "ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US",
"type": "string"
},
"bibcode": {
"label": "Bibcode",
"description": "Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters",
"type": "string"
},
"doi": {
"label": "DOI",
"description": "Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'",
"type": "string"
},
"doi-broken-date": {
"label": "DOI broken date",
"description": "The date that the DOI was determined to be broken",
"type": "date"
},
"isbn": {
"label": "ISBN",
"description": "International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible",
"type": "string",
"aliases": [
"ISBN"
]
},
"issn": {
"label": "ISSN",
"description": "International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen",
"type": "string",
"aliases": [
"ISSN"
]
},
"jfm": {
"label": "jfm code",
"description": "Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code",
"type": "string"
},
"jstor": {
"label": "JSTOR",
"description": "JSTOR identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"lccn": {
"label": "LCCN",
"description": "Library of Congress Control Number",
"type": "string"
},
"mr": {
"label": "MR",
"description": "Mathematical Reviews identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"oclc": {
"label": "OCLC",
"description": "Online Computer Library Center number",
"type": "string"
},
"ol": {
"label": "OL",
"description": "Open Library identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"osti": {
"label": "OSTI",
"description": "Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"pmc": {
"label": "PMC",
"description": "PubMed Center article number",
"type": "string"
},
"pmid": {
"label": "PMID",
"description": "PubMed Unique Identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"rfc": {
"label": "RFC",
"description": "Request for Comments number",
"type": "string"
},
"ssrn": {
"label": "SSRN",
"description": "Social Science Research Network",
"type": "string"
},
"zbl": {
"label": "Zbl",
"description": "Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"id": {
"label": "id",
"description": "A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable",
"type": "string"
},
"quote": {
"label": "Quote",
"description": "Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation",
"type": "string"
},
"trans-quote": {
"label": "Translated quote",
"description": "English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets.",
"type": "string"
},
"ref": {
"label": "Ref",
"description": "An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates",
"type": "string"
},
"postscript": {
"label": "Postscript",
"description": "The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'",
"type": "string",
"default": "."
},
"last3": {
"label": "Last name 3",
"description": "The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'.",
"aliases": [
"author3"
],
"type": "line"
},
"first3": {
"label": "First name 3",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"last4": {
"label": "Last name 4",
"description": "The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'.",
"aliases": [
"author4"
],
"type": "line"
},
"first4": {
"label": "First name 4",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"last5": {
"label": "Last name 5",
"description": "The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'.",
"aliases": [
"author5"
],
"type": "line"
},
"first5": {
"label": "First name 5",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"last6": {
"label": "Last name 6",
"description": "The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'.",
"aliases": [
"author6"
],
"type": "line"
},
"first6": {
"label": "First name 6",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"last7": {
"label": "Last name 7",
"description": "The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'.",
"aliases": [
"author7"
],
"type": "line"
},
"first7": {
"label": "First name 7",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"last8": {
"label": "Last name 8",
"description": "The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'.",
"aliases": [
"author8"
],
"type": "line"
},
"first8": {
"label": "First name 8",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"last9": {
"label": "Last name 9",
"description": "The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'.",
"aliases": [
"author9"
],
"type": "line"
},
"first9": {
"label": "First name 9",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-mask": {
"label": "Author mask",
"description": "Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead",
"type": "string"
},
"display-authors": {
"label": "Display authors",
"description": "number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used;",
"type": "number"
},
"author-link": {
"label": "Author link",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author-link1",
"author1-link"
]
},
"author-link2": {
"label": "Author link 2",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author2-link"
]
},
"archive-url": {
"label": "Archive URL",
"description": "The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'",
"type": "url",
"suggested": true,
"aliases": [
"archiveurl"
]
},
"archive-date": {
"label": "Archive date",
"description": "Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink",
"type": "string",
"suggested": true,
"aliases": [
"archivedate"
]
},
"author-link3": {
"label": "Author link 3",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author3-link"
]
},
"author-link4": {
"label": "Author link 4",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author4-link"
]
},
"author-link5": {
"label": "Author link 5",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author5-link"
]
},
"author-link6": {
"label": "Author link 6",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author6-link"
]
},
"author-link7": {
"label": "Author link 7",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author7-link"
]
},
"author-link8": {
"label": "Author link 8",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author8-link"
]
},
"author-link9": {
"label": "Author link 9",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author9-link"
]
},
"name-list-style": {
"label": "Name list style",
"description": "Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two names of the name list to ' & ' or ' and ', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.",
"type": "string"
},
"access-date": {
"label": "URL access date",
"description": "The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink",
"type": "date",
"suggested": true,
"aliases": [
"accessdate"
]
},
"orig-date": {
"label": "Original date",
"description": "Original date of publication; provide specifics",
"type": "string"
},
"via": {
"label": "Via",
"description": "Identify the aggregator of the resource that provided the digital version (usually a database provider), when it differs from the publisher (e.g., for The Wikipedia Library)",
"example": "[[EBSCOHost]], [[Proquest]], [[Newspapers.com]]",
"type": "string"
},
"url-access": {
"label": "URL access level",
"description": "Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')",
"type": "string",
"suggestedvalues": [
"registration",
"subscription",
"limited"
]
},
"bibcode-access": {
"label": "Bibcode access level",
"description": "If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"suggestedvalues": [
"free"
]
},
"doi-access": {
"label": "DOI access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"suggestedvalues": [
"free"
]
},
"hdl-access": {
"label": "HDL access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"suggestedvalues": [
"free"
]
},
"jstor-access": {
"label": "Jstor access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"suggestedvalues": [
"free"
]
},
"ol-access": {
"label": "OpenLibrary access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"suggestedvalues": [
"free"
]
},
"osti-access": {
"label": "OSTI access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"suggestedvalues": [
"free"
]
},
"url-status": {
"label": "URL status",
"description": "If set to 'live', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live. Set to 'dead' if the original URL is broken. If the original URL is 'live' but no longer supports the article text, set to 'deviated'. Set to 'unfit' or 'usurped' if the original URL is no longer suitable (spam, advertising, etc.) which will make the original link not appear at all.",
"example": "'dead' or 'live'",
"default": "'dead' if an Archive URL is entered",
"type": "string",
"suggested": true,
"suggestedvalues": [
"dead",
"live",
"usurped",
"unfit",
"deviated"
]
},
"work": {
"aliases": [
"journal",
"magazine",
"periodical",
"newspaper",
"website"
],
"label": "Name of publication",
"description": "Name of the newspaper, magazine or periodical; displays after title",
"example": "[[The Wall Street Journal]]",
"type": "string",
"suggested": true
},
"df": {
"label": "Date format",
"description": "Sets rendered dates to the specified format",
"type": "string"
},
"last10": {
"aliases": [
"author10"
],
"label": "Last name 10",
"description": "The surname of the tenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link10'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first10": {
"label": "First name 10",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the tenth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link10": {
"aliases": [
"author10-link"
],
"label": "Author link 10",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the tenth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"last11": {
"aliases": [
"author11"
],
"label": "Last name 11",
"description": "The surname of the eleventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link11'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first11": {
"label": "First name 11",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eleventh author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link11": {
"aliases": [
"author11-link"
],
"label": "Author link 11",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eleventh author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"last12": {
"aliases": [
"author12"
],
"label": "Last name 12",
"description": "The surname of the twelfth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link12'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first12": {
"label": "First name 12",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the twelfth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link12": {
"aliases": [
"author12-link"
],
"label": "Author link 12",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the twelfth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"last13": {
"aliases": [
"author13"
],
"label": "Last name 13",
"description": "The surname of the thirteenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link13'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first13": {
"label": "First name 13",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the thirteenth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link13": {
"aliases": [
"author13-link"
],
"label": "Author link 13",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the thirteenth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"last14": {
"aliases": [
"author14"
],
"label": "Last name 14",
"description": "The surname of the fourteenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link14'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first14": {
"label": "First name 14",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourteenth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link14": {
"aliases": [
"author14-link"
],
"label": "Author link 14",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourteenth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"last15": {
"aliases": [
"author15"
],
"label": "Last name 15",
"description": "The surname of the fifteenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link15'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first15": {
"label": "First name 15",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifteenth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link15": {
"aliases": [
"author15-link"
],
"label": "Author link 15",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifteenth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
}
},
"maps": {
"proveit": {
"main": "title",
"textarea": [
"quote"
]
},
"citoid": {
"title": "title",
"url": "url",
"publisher": "publisher",
"publicationTitle": "work",
"date": "date",
"accessDate": "access-date",
"archiveUrl": "archive-url",
"archiveDate": "archive-date",
"location": "location",
"ISSN": [
"issn"
],
"ISBN": [
"isbn"
],
"PMCID": "pmc",
"PMID": "pmid",
"pages": "pages",
"volume": "volume",
"issue": "issue",
"DOI": "doi",
"oclc": "oclc",
"language": "language",
"contributor": "others",
"author": [
[
"first",
"last"
],
[
"first2",
"last2"
],
[
"first3",
"last3"
],
[
"first4",
"last4"
],
[
"first5",
"last5"
],
[
"first6",
"last6"
],
[
"first7",
"last7"
],
[
"first8",
"last8"
],
[
"first9",
"last9"
]
],
"editor": [
[
"editor-first",
"editor-last"
]
]
}
},
"format": "{{_ |_=_}}",
"paramOrder": [
"last",
"first",
"author-link",
"last2",
"first2",
"author-link2",
"last3",
"first3",
"author-link3",
"last4",
"first4",
"author-link4",
"last5",
"first5",
"author-link5",
"last6",
"first6",
"author-link6",
"last7",
"first7",
"author-link7",
"last8",
"first8",
"author-link8",
"last9",
"first9",
"author-link9",
"last10",
"first10",
"author-link10",
"last11",
"first11",
"author-link11",
"last12",
"first12",
"author-link12",
"last13",
"first13",
"author-link13",
"last14",
"first14",
"author-link14",
"last15",
"first15",
"author-link15",
"author-mask",
"display-authors",
"name-list-style",
"date",
"year",
"orig-date",
"editor-last",
"editor-first",
"editor-link",
"others",
"title",
"script-title",
"trans-title",
"url",
"url-access",
"url-status",
"archive-url",
"archive-date",
"access-date",
"work",
"department",
"publisher",
"location",
"page",
"pages",
"at",
"language",
"type",
"format",
"edition",
"publication-place",
"publication-date",
"df",
"via",
"volume",
"issue",
"no-pp",
"arxiv",
"asin",
"asin-tld",
"bibcode",
"doi",
"doi-broken-date",
"isbn",
"issn",
"jfm",
"jstor",
"lccn",
"mr",
"oclc",
"ol",
"osti",
"pmc",
"pmid",
"rfc",
"ssrn",
"zbl",
"id",
"quote",
"trans-quote",
"ref",
"postscript",
"bibcode-access",
"doi-access",
"hdl-access",
"jstor-access",
"ol-access",
"osti-access",
"agency"
]
}
</templatedata>

== See also ==
{{Citation Style 1}}
{{Wikipedia referencing}}
{{UF-COinS}}

<includeonly>{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Citation Style 1 templates|N]]
}}</includeonly>

Template:Citation Style documentation/volume

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* <b id="csdoc_volume">volume</b>: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the '''title''' and '''series''' fields; {{#if:{{{magazine|}}}|prefixed with 'Vol. '.|volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37). Volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase Roman numerals, or fewer than five characters will appear in bold. Any alphanumeric value of five or more characters will not appear in bold.}} In rare cases, publications carry both an ongoing volume and a year-related value; if so, provide them both, for example |volume=IV / #10.

Template:Citation Style documentation/title

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{{Crossreference|(See also [[Help:Citation Style 1#Titles and chapters|Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters]].)}}
* <b id="csdoc_title">{{#switch:{{{title_title}}}
|encyclopedia=encyclopedia
|#default = title}}</b>: Title of source. {{#switch:{{{link}}}|no=|wikilink_only=Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article.|Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or '''url''' may be used to add an external link, but not both.}} {{#switch:{{BASEPAGENAME}}
|Cite arXiv
|Cite conference
|Cite episode
|Cite journal
|Cite magazine
|Cite news
|Cite web
|Cite press release
|Cite podcast = Displays in quotation marks. For titles containing quotation marks, convert regular quotation marks (<kbd>"</kbd>) to single quotation marks (<kbd>'</kbd>). See [[MOS:QINQ]] for guidance in more complex situations.
|Cite report = Displays unformatted, without italics or quotation marks.
|Cite book = Displays in ''italics''.
|Citation = If '''work''' (or its alias) is defined, then '''title''' is displayed in quotes; otherwise, '''title''' displays in italics.
|#default = Displays in ''italics''.}} {{#if:{{{limited_param_list|}}}||If '''script-title''' is defined, use '''title''' to hold a [[WP:ROMAN|Romanization]] (if available) of the title in '''script-title'''.
** '''script-title''': Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in '''title''' (if present). Must be prefixed with one of the [[Help:Citation_Style_1#{{pipe}}script-<param>{{=}} language codes|supported language codes]] to help browsers properly display the script:
**:<code><nowiki>... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...</nowiki></code>
** <b id="csdoc_trans-title">trans-title</b>: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after '''{{#switch:{{{title_title}}}
|encyclopedia=encyclopedia
|#default = title}}'''. Use of the '''language''' parameter is recommended.}}
:Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 5em"
! newline !! [ !! ] !! |
|-
| space || style="text-align: center;" | &#91; || style="text-align: center;" | &#93; || style="text-align: center;" | <code><nowiki>{{!}}</nowiki></code> (preferred)
|-
|
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | [[Template:Bracket|<nowiki>{{bracket|text}}</nowiki>]] || &#124; or [[Template:Pipe|<nowiki>{{pipe}}</nowiki>]] – {{crossref|see also {{section link|Help:Table|Rendering the pipe}}}}
|}{{#if:{{{limited_param_list|}}}||
:* <b id="csdoc_title-link">title-link</b>: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in '''title''' – do not use a web address; do not wikilink.
{{#switch:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|Cite journal =
:: Some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when {{para|url}} and {{para|title-link}} are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for {{para|title-link}} to manually select a specific source ({{para|title-link|pmc}} or {{para|title-link|doi}}) for auto-linking or to disable the feature ({{para|title-link|none}}).}}
}}

Template:High-risk

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#REDIRECT [[Template:High-use]]

{{Rcat shell|
{{R with Wikidata item}}
{{R from merge}}
{{R from template shortcut}}
}}

Template:National Criminal Justice reference

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Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

[[NCJ (identifier)|NCJ]] [https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID={{{1}}} {{{1|''NCJ Number''}}}]<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>

Module:Pagetype/rfd

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Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

-- This page contains a table of all RfD templates and their
-- redirects. Templates names are capitalized, and the Template: prefix is
-- removed. Templates are grouped with the main template first, followed by
-- its redirects.

return {
-- Template forms (these should be substituted so we should rarely see these)
["Redirect for discussion"] = true,
["RFD"] = true,
["RfD"] = true,
["Rfd1"] = true,
["Rfd-t"] = true,
["Rfd"] = true,
["Rfd-NPF"] = true,
["Rfd-NPF/core"] = true,
-- Module forms
["#invoke:RfD"] = true,
["<includeonly>safesubst:</includeonly>#invoke:RfD"] = true, -- The form made by substituting RfD
}

Module:Pagetype/softredirect

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Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

-- This page contains a table of all soft redirect templates and their
-- redirects. Templates names are capitalized, and the Template: prefix is
-- removed. Templates are grouped with the main template first, followed by
-- its redirects.

return {
["R from category navigation"] = true,
["Redirect from category navigation"] = true,

["Category redirect"] = true,
["Cat move"] = true,
["Cat red"] = true,
["Cat redir"] = true,
["Cat redirect"] = true,
["Category move"] = true,
["Category Redirect"] = true,
["Categoryredirect"] = true,
["Catr"] = true,
["Catred"] = true,
["Catredir"] = true,
["Catredirect"] = true,

["R from template-generated category"] = true,
["Redirect from template-generated category"] = true,

["Portal soft redirect"] = true,
["Portal Redirect"] = true,
["Portal redirect"] = true,
["Portal Soft Redirect"] = true,
["Portalredirect"] = true,
["Portalsoftredirect"] = true,
["PortRed"] = true,
["Portred"] = true,
["Portsoftred"] = true,
["PSR"] = true,
["Psr"] = true,
["Soft portal redirect"] = true,
["Soft redirect portal"] = true,
["SPR"] = true,
["Spr"] = true,
["SRP"] = true,
["Srp"] = true,

["Salted redirect"] = true,

["Soft redirect"] = true,
["Interwiki redirect"] = true,
["Plain soft redirect"] = true,
["Soft"] = true,
["Soft link"] = true,
["Soft redir"] = true,
["Soft Redirect"] = true,
["Softr"] = true,
["Softredir"] = true,
["SoftRedirect"] = true,
["Softredirect"] = true,

["Userrename"] = true,

["Wikibooks redirect"] = true,
["WBOOK"] = true,
["Wbook"] = true,
["Wikibook redirect"] = true,
["Wikibooks Redirect"] = true,
["WikibooksRedirect"] = true,
["Wikibooksredirect"] = true,

["Wikimedia Commons redirect"] = true,
["COMM"] = true,
["Comm"] = true,
["Commons Redirect"] = true,
["Commons redirect"] = true,
["CommonsRedirect"] = true,
["Commonsredirect"] = true,
["Wikimedia commons redirect"] = true,

["Wikiquote redirect"] = true,
["Wq"] = true,

["Wikisource redirect"] = true,

["Wikispecies redirect"] = true,
["Wikispecies Redirect"] = true,
["WikispeciesRedirect"] = true,
["Wikispeciesredirect"] = true,
["WSPEC"] = true,
["Wspec"] = true,

["Wikivoyage redirect"] = true,

["Wiktionary redirect"] = true,
["Moved to Wiktionary"] = true,
["RedirecttoWiktionary"] = true,
["Wi"] = true,
["Wikt red"] = true,
["Wikt redirect"] = true,
["Wiktionary Redirect"] = true,
["Wiktionary-redirect"] = true,
["WiktionaryRedirect"] = true,
["Wiktionaryredirect"] = true,
["Wiktr"] = true,
["Wiktred"] = true,
["Wiktredir"] = true,
["Wtr"] = true,
["Wtsr"] = true,
}

Module:Wikitext Parsing

2025-12-20T18:52:47Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

require("strict")

--Helper functions
local function startswith(text, subtext)
return string.sub(text, 1, #subtext) == subtext
end
local function endswith(text, subtext)
return string.sub(text, -#subtext, -1) == subtext
end
local function allcases(s)
return s:gsub("%a", function(c)
return "["..c:upper()..c:lower().."]"
end)
end
local trimcache = {}
local whitespace = {[" "]=1, ["\n"]=1, ["\t"]=1, ["\r"]=1}
local function cheaptrim(str) --mw.text.trim is surprisingly expensive, so here's an alternative approach
local quick = trimcache[str]
if quick then
return quick
else
-- local out = string.gsub(str, "^%s*(.-)%s*$", "%1")
local lowEnd
local strlen = #str
for i = 1,strlen do
if not whitespace[string.sub(str, i, i)] then
lowEnd = i
break
end
end
if not lowEnd then
trimcache[str] = ""
return ""
end
for i = strlen,1,-1 do
if not whitespace[string.sub(str, i, i)] then
local out = string.sub(str, lowEnd, i)
trimcache[str] = out
return out
end
end
end
end

--[=[ Implementation notes
---- NORMAL HTML TAGS ----
Tags are very strict on how they want to start, but loose on how they end.
The start must strictly follow <[tAgNaMe](%s|>) with no room for whitespace in
the tag's name, but may then flow as they want afterwards, making
<div\nclass\n=\n"\nerror\n"\n> valid

There's no sense of escaping < or >
E.g.
<div class="error\>"> will end at \> despite it being inside a quote
<div class="<span class="error">error</span>"> will not process the larger div

If a tag has no end, it will consume all text instead of not processing

---- NOPROCESSING TAGS (nowiki, pre, syntaxhighlight, source, etc.) ----
(In most comments, <source> will not be mentioned. This is because it is the
deprecated version of <syntaxhighlight>)

No-Processing tags have some interesting differences to the above rules.
For example, their syntax is a lot stricter. While an opening tag appears to
follow the same set of rules, A closing tag can't have any sort of extra
formatting period. While </div a/a> is valid, </nowiki a/a> isn't - only
newlines and spaces/tabs are allowed in closing tags.
Note that, even though <pre> tags cause a visual change when the ending tag has
extra formatting, it won't cause the no-processing effects. For some reason, the
format must be strict for that to apply.

Both the content inside the tag pair and the content inside each side of the
pair is not processed. E.g. <nowiki |}}>|}}</nowiki> would have both of the |}}
escaped in practice.

When something in the code is referenced to as a "Nowiki Tag", it means a tag
which causes wiki text to not be processed, which includes <nowiki>, <pre>,
and <syntaxhighlight>

Since we only care about these tags, we can ignore the idea of an intercepting
tag preventing processing, and just go straight for the first ending we can find
If there is no ending to find, the tag will NOT consume the rest of the text in
terms of processing behaviour (though <pre> will appear to have an effect).
Even if there is no end of the tag, the content inside the opening half will
still be unprocessed, meaning {{X20|<nowiki }}>}} wouldn't end at the first }}
despite there being no ending to the tag.

Note that there are some tags, like <math>, which also function like <nowiki>
which are included in this aswell. Some other tags, like <ref>, have far too
unpredictable behaviour to be handled currently (they'd have to be split and
processed as something seperate - its complicated, but maybe not impossible.)
I suspect that every tag listed in [[Special:Version]] may behave somewhat like
this, but that's far too many cases worth checking for rarely used tags that may
not even have a good reason to contain {{ or }} anyways, so we leave them alone.

---- HTML COMMENTS AND INCLUDEONLY ----
HTML Comments are about as basic as it could get for this
Start at , no extra conditions. Simple enough
If a comment has no end, it will eat all text instead of not being processed

includeonly tags function mostly like a regular nowiki tag, with the exception
that the tag will actually consume all future text if not given an ending as
opposed to simply giving up and not changing anything. Due to complications and
the fact that this is far less likely to be present on a page, aswell as being
something that may not want to be escaped, includeonly tags are ignored during
our processing
--]=]
local validtags = {nowiki=1, pre=1, syntaxhighlight=1, source=1, math=1}
--This function expects the string to start with the tag
local function TestForNowikiTag(text, scanPosition)
local tagName = (string.match(text, "^<([^\n />]+)", scanPosition) or ""):lower()
if not validtags[tagName] then
return nil
end
local nextOpener = string.find(text, "<", scanPosition+1) or -1
local nextCloser = string.find(text, ">", scanPosition+1) or -1
if nextCloser > -1 and (nextOpener == -1 or nextCloser < nextOpener) then
local startingTag = string.sub(text, scanPosition, nextCloser)
--We have our starting tag (E.g. '<pre style="color:red">')
--Now find our ending...
if endswith(startingTag, "/>") then --self-closing tag (we are our own ending)
return {
Tag = tagName,
Start = startingTag,
Content = "", End = "",
Length = #startingTag
}

else
local endingTagStart, endingTagEnd = string.find(text, "</"..allcases(tagName).."[ \t\n]*>", scanPosition)
if endingTagStart then --Regular tag formation
local endingTag = string.sub(text, endingTagStart, endingTagEnd)
local tagContent = string.sub(text, nextCloser+1, endingTagStart-1)
return {
Tag = tagName,
Start = startingTag,
Content = tagContent,
End = endingTag,
Length = #startingTag + #tagContent + #endingTag
}

else --Content inside still needs escaping (also linter error!)
return {
Tag = tagName,
Start = startingTag,
Content = "", End = "",
Length = #startingTag
}
end
end
end
return nil
end
local function TestForComment(text, scanPosition) --Like TestForNowikiTag but for 
if string.match(text, "^<!%-%-", scanPosition) then
local commentEnd = string.find(text, "-->", scanPosition+4, true)
if commentEnd then
return {
Start = "",
Content = string.sub(text, scanPosition+4, commentEnd-1),
Length = commentEnd-scanPosition+3
}
else --Consumes all text if not given an ending
return {
Start = "Should see|Shouldn't see}}]=]
local out = p.PrepareText(s)
mw.logObject(out)

local s = [=[BA]=]
local out = p.TestForComment(s, 2)
mw.logObject(out); mw.log(string.sub(s, 2, out.Length))

local a = p.ParseTemplates([=[
{{User:Aidan9382/templates/dummy
|A|B|C {{{A|B}}} { } } {
|<nowiki>D</nowiki>
|<pre>E
|F</pre>
|G|=|a=|A = [[{{PAGENAME}}|A=B]]{{Text|1==<nowiki>}}</nowiki>}}|A B=Success}}
]=])
mw.logObject(a)

]==]

Template:Citation Style documentation/time

2025-12-20T18:52:47Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

* '''minutes''': Time the event occurs in the source; followed by "minutes in".
* OR: '''time''': Time the event occurs in the source; preceded by default text "Event occurs at".
** '''time-caption''': Changes the default text displayed before '''time'''.

Template:Citation Style documentation/edition

2025-12-20T18:52:46Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

* '''edition''': When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so {{para|edition|2nd}} produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.

Module:Cs1 documentation support

2025-12-20T18:52:46Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

require('strict');
local getArgs = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs;

local cfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration'); -- load the configuration module
local whitelist = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist'); -- load the whitelist module

local exclusion_lists = { -- TODO: move these tables into a separate ~/data module and mw.loadData() it
['cite book'] = {
['agency'] = true,
['air-date'] = true,
['arxiv'] = true,
['biorxiv'] = true,
['citeseerx'] = true,
['class'] = true,
['conference'] = true,
['conference-format'] = true,
['conference-url'] = true,
['degree'] = true,
['department'] = true,
['display-interviewers'] = true,
['docket'] = true,
['episode'] = true,
['interviewer#'] = true,
['interviewer-first#'] = true,
['interviewer-link#'] = true,
['interviewer-mask#'] = true,
['ismn'] = true,
['issn'] = true,
['issue'] = true,
['jfm'] = true,
['journal'] = true,
['jstor'] = true,
['mailinglist'] = true,
['message-id'] = true,
['minutes'] = true,
['MR'] = true,
['network'] = true,
['number'] = true,
['RFC'] = true,
['script-journal'] = true,
['season'] = true,
['section'] = true,
['sections'] = true,
['series-link'] = true,
['series-number'] = true,
['series-separator'] = true,
['sheet'] = true,
['sheets'] = true,
['SSRN'] = true,
['station'] = true,
['time'] = true,
['time-caption'] = true,
['trans-article'] = true,
['trans-journal'] = true,
['transcript'] = true,
['transcript-format'] = true,
['transcript-url'] = true,
['ZBL'] = true,
},
['cite journal'] = {
['agency'] = true,
['air-date'] = true,
['book-title'] = true,
['chapter'] = true,
['chapter-format'] = true,
['chapter-url'] = true,
['chapter-url-access'] = true,
['class'] = true,
['conference'] = true,
['conference-format'] = true,
['conference-url'] = true,
['contribution'] = true,
['contributor#'] = true,
['contributor-first#'] = true,
['contributor-link#'] = true,
['contributor-mask#'] = true,
['degree'] = true,
['department'] = true,
['display-interviewers'] = true,
['docket'] = true,
['edition'] = true,
['editor#'] = true,
['editor-first#'] = true,
['editor-link#'] = true,
['editor-mask#'] = true,
['editors'] = true,
['encyclopedia'] = true,
['episode'] = true,
['ignore-isbn-error'] = true,
['interviewer#'] = true,
['interviewer-first#'] = true,
['interviewer-link#'] = true,
['interviewer-mask#'] = true,
['isbn'] = true,
['ismn'] = true,
['LCCN'] = true,
['mailinglist'] = true,
['message-id'] = true,
['minutes'] = true,
['network'] = true,
['script-chapter'] = true,
['season'] = true,
['section'] = true,
['sections'] = true,
['series-link'] = true,
['series-number'] = true,
['series-separator'] = true,
['sheet'] = true,
['sheets'] = true,
['station'] = true,
['time'] = true,
['time-caption'] = true,
['trans-article'] = true,
['transcript'] = true,
['transcript-format'] = true,
['transcript-url'] = true,
},
}

--[[-------------------------< A D D _ T O _ L I S T >---------------------------------------------------------

adds code/name pair to code_list and name/code pair to name_list; code/name pairs in override_list replace those
taken from the MediaWiki list; these are marked with a superscripted dagger.

|script-<param>= lang codes always use override names so dagger is omitted

]]

local function add_to_list (code_list, name_list, override_list, code, name, dagger)
if false == dagger then
dagger = ''; -- no dagger for |script-<param>= codes and names
else
dagger = '<sup>†</sup>'; -- dagger for all other lists using override
end

if override_list[code] then -- look in the override table for this code
code_list[code] = override_list[code] .. dagger; -- use the name from the override table; mark with dagger
name_list[override_list[code]] = code .. dagger;
else
code_list[code] = name; -- use the MediaWiki name and code
name_list[name] = code;
end
end

--[[-------------------------< L I S T _ F O R M A T >---------------------------------------------------------

formats key/value pair into a string for rendering
['k'] = 'v' → k: v

]]

local function list_format (result, list)
for k, v in pairs (list) do
table.insert (result, k .. ': ' .. v);
end
end

--[[-------------------------< L A N G _ L I S T E R >---------------------------------------------------------

Module entry point

Crude documentation tool that returns one of several lists of language codes and names.

Used in Template:Citation Style documentation/language/doc

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|lang_lister|list=<selector>|lang=<code>}}

where <selector> is one of the values:
2char – list of ISO 639-1 codes and names sorted by code
3char – list of ISO 639-2, -3 codes and names sorted by code
ietf – list of IETF language tags and names sorted by tag
ietf2 – list of ISO 639-1 based IETF language tags and names sorted by tag
ietf3 – list of list of ISO 639-2, -3 based IETF language tags and names sorted by tag
name – list of language names and codes sorted by name
all - list all language codes/tags and names sorted by code/tag

where <code> is a MediaWiki supported 2, 3, or ietf-like language code; because of fall-back, language names may
be the English-language names.

]]

local function lang_lister (frame)
local lang = (frame.args.lang and '' ~= frame.args.lang) and frame.args.lang or mw.getContentLanguage():getCode()
local source_list = mw.language.fetchLanguageNames(lang, 'all');
local override = cfg.lang_tag_remap;
local code_1_list={};
local code_2_list={};
local ietf_list={};
local ietf_list2={};
local ietf_list3={};
local name_list={};

if not ({['2char']=true, ['3char']=true, ['ietf']=true, ['ietf2']=true, ['ietf3']=true, ['name']=true, ['all']=true})[frame.args.list] then
return '<span style="color:#d33">unknown list selector: ' .. frame.args.list .. '</span>';
end

for code, name in pairs (source_list) do
if 'all' == frame.args.list then
add_to_list (code_1_list, name_list, override, code, name); -- use the code_1_list because why not?
elseif 2 == code:len() then
add_to_list (code_1_list, name_list, override, code, name);
elseif 3 == code:len() then
add_to_list (code_2_list, name_list, override, code, name);
elseif code:match ('^%a%a%-.+') then -- ietf with 2-character language tag
add_to_list (ietf_list, name_list, override, code, name); -- add to main ietf list for |list=ietf
add_to_list (ietf_list2, name_list, override, code, name); -- add to ietf2 list
elseif code:match ('^%a%a%a%-.+') then -- ietf with 3-character language tag
add_to_list (ietf_list, name_list, override, code, name); -- add to main ietf list for |list=ietf
add_to_list (ietf_list3, name_list, override, code, name); -- add to ietf3 list
end
end

local result = {};
local out = {};

if '2char' == frame.args.list or 'all' == frame.args.list then -- iso 639-1
list_format (result, code_1_list);
elseif '3char' == frame.args.list then -- iso 639-2, 3
list_format (result, code_2_list);
elseif 'ietf' == frame.args.list then -- all ietf tags
list_format (result, ietf_list);
elseif 'ietf2' == frame.args.list then -- 2-character ietf tags
list_format (result, ietf_list2);
elseif 'ietf3' == frame.args.list then -- 3 character ietf tags
list_format (result, ietf_list3);
else --must be 'name'
list_format (result, name_list);
end

local templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = "Div col/styles.css" }
}

table.sort (result);
table.insert (result, 1, templatestyles .. '<div class="div-col" style="column-width:16em">');
table.insert (out, table.concat (result, '\n*'));
table.insert (out, '</div>');

return table.concat (out, '\n');
end

--[[--------------------------< S C R I P T _ L A N G _ L I S T E R >------------------------------------------

Module entry point

Crude documentation tool that returns list of language codes and names supported by the various |script-<param>= parameters.

used in Help:CS1 errors

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|script_lang_lister}}

]]

local function script_lang_lister (frame)
local lang_code_src = cfg.script_lang_codes ; -- get list of allowed script language codes
local override = cfg.lang_tag_remap;
local this_wiki_lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage().code; -- get this wiki's language

local code_list = {}; -- interim list of aliases
local name_list={}; -- not used; defined here so that we can reuse add_to_list()
local out = {}; -- final output (for now an unordered list)

for _, code in ipairs (lang_code_src) do -- loop through the list of codes
local name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName (code, this_wiki_lang); -- get the language name associated with this code
add_to_list (code_list, name_list, override, code, name, false); -- name_list{} not used but provided so that we can reuse add_to_list(); don't add superscript dagger
end

local result = {};
local out = {};

list_format (result, code_list);

local templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = "Div col/styles.css" }
}

table.sort (result);
table.insert (result, 1, templatestyles .. '<div class="div-col" style="column-width:16em">');
table.insert (out, table.concat (result, '\n*'));
table.insert (out, '</div>');

return table.concat (out, '\n');
end

--[[--------------------------< A L I A S _ L I S T E R >------------------------------------------------------

experimental code that lists parameters and their aliases. Perhaps basis for some sort of documentation?

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|alias_lister}}

]]

local function alias_lister ()
local alias_src = cfg.aliases; -- get master list of aliases
local key; -- key for k/v in a new table
local list = {}; -- interim list of aliases
local out = {}; -- final output (for now an unordered list)

for _, aliases in pairs (alias_src) do -- loop throu the master list of aliases
if 'table' == type (aliases) then -- table only when there are aliases
for i, alias in ipairs (aliases) do -- loop through all of the aliases
if 1 == i then -- first 'alias' is the canonical parameter name
key = alias; -- so it becomes the key in list
else
list[key] = list[key] and (list[key] .. ', ' .. alias) or alias; -- make comma-separated list of aliases
list[alias] = 'see ' .. key; -- make a back reference from this alias to the canonical parameter
end
end
end
end

for k, v in pairs (list) do -- loop through the list to make a simple unordered list
table.insert (out, table.concat ({'*', k, ': ', v}));
end

table.sort (out); -- sort it
return table.concat (out, '\010'); -- concatenate with \n
-- return (mw.dumpObject (list))
end

--[[--------------------------< C A N O N I C A L _ P A R A M _ L I S T E R >----------------------------------

experimental code that lists canonical parameter names. Perhaps basis for some sort of documentation?

returns a comma separated, alpha sorted, list of the canonical parameters. If given a template name, excludes
parameters listed in that template's exclusion_list[<template>]{} table (if a table has been defined).

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|canonical_param_lister|<template>}}

]]

local function canonical_param_lister (frame)
local template = frame.args[1];
if '' == template then
template = nil;
end

if template then
template = mw.text.trim (template:lower());
end

local alias_src = cfg.aliases; -- get master list of aliases
local id_src = cfg.id_handlers; -- get master list of identifiers

local list = {}; -- interim list of aliases
local out = {}; -- final output (for now an unordered list)

for _, aliases in pairs (alias_src) do -- loop through the master list of aliases
local name;
if 'table' == type (aliases) then -- table only when there are aliases
name = aliases[1]; -- first member of an aliases table is declared canonical
else
name = aliases; -- for those parameters that do not have any aliases, the parameter is declared canonical
end

if not template then -- no template name, add this parameter
table.insert (list, name);
elseif not exclusion_lists[template] then -- template name but no exclusion list
table.insert (list, name);
elseif not exclusion_lists[template][name] then -- template name and exclusion list but name not in list
table.insert (list, name);
end
end

for k, ids in pairs (id_src) do -- spin through the list of identifiers
local name = id_src[k].parameters[1]; -- get the first (left-most) parameter name
local access = id_src[k].custom_access; -- get the access-icon parameter if it exists for this identifier
if not template then -- no template name
table.insert (list, name); -- add this parameter
if access then
table.insert (list, access); -- add this access-icon parameter
end
elseif not exclusion_lists[template] then -- template name but no exclusion list
table.insert (list, name);
if access then
table.insert (list, access);
end
elseif not exclusion_lists[template][name] then -- template name and exclusion list but name not in list
table.insert (list, name);
if access then
table.insert (list, access);
end
end
end

for _, param in ipairs (list) do -- loop through the list to make a simple unordered list
table.insert (out, table.concat ({'*', param}));
end

local function comp( a, b ) -- used in following table.sort()
return a:lower() < b:lower();
end

table.sort (out, comp); -- sort the list
return table.concat (out, '\010'); -- concatenate with \n
-- return (mw.dumpObject (list))
end

--[[--------------------------< C A N O N I C A L _ N A M E _ G E T >------------------------------------------

returns first (canonical) name when metaparameter is assigned a table of names
returns name when metaparameter is assigned a single name
returns empty string when metaparameter name not found in alias_src{}, id_src{}, or id_src[meta].custom_access

metaparameter <metaparam> is the key in Module:Citation/CS1 aliases{} table or id_handlers{} table. Because access-icon
don't have <metaparam> keys, per se, we create pseudo <metaparam> keys by appending 'access' to the identifier <metaparam>:
the <metaparam> for |doi-access= is, for the purposes of this function, DOIaccess, etc

Some lists of aliases might be better served when a particular alias is identified as the canonical alias for a
particular use case. If, for example, <metaparam> Perodical lists:
'journal', 'magazine', 'newspaper', 'periodical', 'website', 'work'
that order works fine for {{cite journal}} documentation but doesn't work so well for {{cite magazine}}, {{cite news}},
or {{cite web}}. So, for using this function to document {{cite magazine}} the returned value should be the
parameter best suited for that template so we can specify magazine in the override (frame.args[2])

While for this function, it would be just as simple to not use the function, this mechanism is implemented here
to match similar functionality in alias_names_get() (there are slight differences)
<override> must exist in the alias list
does not apply to the access icon parameters (ignored - these have no aliases)

(and which would be best for {{cite news}}? |newspaper= or |work=? can't solve all of the worlds problems at once).

output format is controlled by |format=
plain - renders in plain text in a <span> tag; may have id attribute
para - renders as it would in {{para|<param>}}

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|canonical_name_get|<metaparam>|<override>|id=<attribute>|format=[plain|para]}}

]]

local function canonical_name_get (frame)
local alias_src = cfg.aliases; -- get master list of aliases
local id_src = cfg.id_handlers; -- get master list of identifiers
local args = getArgs (frame);

local name;
local meta = args[1]
local override = args[2];

local access; -- for id-access parameters
if meta:match ('^(%u+)access') then -- the metaparameter (which is not used in ~/Configuration) is id_handlers key concatenated with access: BIBCODEaccess
meta, access = meta:gsub ('^(%u+)access', '%1'); -- strip 'access' text from meta and use returned count value as a flag
end

if alias_src[meta] then
name = alias_src[meta]; -- name is a string or a table
if 'table' == type (name) then -- table only when there are aliases
if not override then
name = name[1]; -- first member of an aliases table is declared canonical
else
for _, v in ipairs (name) do -- here when override is set; spin throu the aliases to make sure override matches alias in table
if v == override then
name = v; -- declare override to be the canonical param for this use case
break;
end
end
end
end

elseif id_src[meta]then -- if there is an id handler
if access then -- and if this is a request for the handler's custom access parameter
if id_src[meta].custom_access then -- if there is a custom access parameter
name = id_src[meta].custom_access; -- use it
else
return ''; -- nope, return empty string
end
else
if not override then
name = id_src[meta].parameters[1]; -- get canonical id handler parameter
else
for _, v in ipairs (id_src[meta].parameters) do -- here when override is set; spin throu the aliases to make sure override matches alias in table
if v == override then
name = v; -- declare override to be the canonical param for this use case
break;
end
end
end
end
else
return ''; -- metaparameter not specified, or no such metaparameter
end

if 'plain' == args.format then -- format and return the output
if args.id then
return string.format ('<span id="%s">%s</span>', args.id, name); -- plain text with id attribute
else
return name; -- plain text
end
elseif 'para' == args.format then
return string.format ('<code class="nowrap">|%s=</code>', name); -- same as {{para|<param>}}
end

return string.format ('<b id="%s">%s</b>', args.id or '', name); -- because {{csdoc}} bolds param names
end

--[[--------------------------< A L I A S _ N A M E S _ G E T >------------------------------------------------

returns list of aliases for metaparameter <metaparam>
returns empty string when there are no aliases
returns empty string when <metaparam> name not found in alias_src{} or id_src{}; access icon parameters have no aliases so ignored

metaparameter <metaparam> is the key in Module:Citation/CS1 aliases{} table or id_handlers{} table.

Some lists of aliases might be better served when a particular alias is identified as the canonical alias for a
particular use case. If, for example, <metaparam> Perodical lists:
'journal', 'magazine', 'newspaper', 'periodical', 'website', 'work'
that order works fine for {{cite journal}} documentation but doesn't work so well for {{cite magazine}}, {{cite news}},
or {{cite web}}. So, for using this function to document {{cite magazine}} the returned value should be the
aliases that are not best suited for that template so we can specify magazine in the override (frame.args[2])
to be the canonical parameter so it won't be listed with the rest of the aliases (normal canonical journal will be)

<override> must exist in the alias list except:
when <override> value is 'all', returns the canonical parameter plus all of the aliases

output format is controlled by |format=
plain - renders in plain text in a <span> tag; may have id attribute
para - renders as it would in {{para|<param>}}
when not specified, refurns the default bold format used for {{csdoc}}

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|alias_name_get|<metaparam>|<override>|format=[plain|para]}}

]]

local function alias_names_get (frame)
local alias_src = cfg.aliases; -- get master list of aliases
local id_src = cfg.id_handlers; -- get master list of identifiers
local args = getArgs (frame);

local meta = args[1];
local override = args[2];

local out = {};
local source; -- selected parameter or id aliases list
local aliases;

source = alias_src[meta] or (id_src[meta] and id_src[meta].parameters);
if not source then
if meta:match ('%u+access') then
return 'no' == args.none and '' or 'none'; -- custom access parameters don't have aliases
else
return ''; -- no such meta
end
elseif not source[2] then -- id_source[meta] is always a table; if no second member, no aliases
return 'no' == args.none and '' or 'none';
end

if not override then
aliases = source; -- normal skip-canonical param case
else
local flag = 'all' == override and true or nil; -- so that we know that <override> parameter is a valid alias; spoof when override == 'all'
aliases = {[1] = ''}; -- spoof to push alias_src[meta][1] and id_src[meta][1] into aliases[2]
for _, v in ipairs (source) do -- here when override is set; spin through the aliases to make sure override matches alias in table
if v ~= override then
table.insert (aliases, v); -- add all but overridden param to the the aliases list for this use case
else
flag = true; -- set the flag so we know that <override> is a valid alias
end
end
if not flag then
aliases = {} -- unset the table as error indicator
end
end

if 'table' == type (aliases) then -- table only when there are aliases
for i, alias in ipairs (aliases) do
if 1 ~= i then -- aliases[1] is the canonical name; don't include it
if 'plain' == args.format then -- format and return the output
table.insert (out, alias); -- plain text
elseif 'para' == args.format then
table.insert (out, string.format ('<code class="nowrap">|%s=</code>', alias)); -- same as {{para|<param>}}
else
table.insert (out, string.format ("'''%s'''", alias)); -- because csdoc bolds param names
end
end
end

return table.concat (out, ', '); -- make pretty list and quit
end

return 'no' == args.none and '' or 'none'; -- no metaparameter with that name or no aliases
end

--[[--------------------------< I S _ B O O K _ C I T E _ T E M P L A T E >------------------------------------

fetch the title of the current page; if it is a preprint template, return true; empty string else

]]

local book_cite_templates = {
['citation'] = true,
['cite book'] = true,
}

local function is_book_cite_template ()
local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().rootText; -- get title of current page without namespace and without sub-pages; from Template:Cite book/new -> Cite book

title = title and title:lower() or '';
return book_cite_templates[title] or '';
end

--[[--------------------------< I S _ L I M I T E D _ P A R A M _ T E M P L A T E >----------------------------

fetch the title of the current page; if it is a preprint template, return true; empty string else

]]

local limited_param_templates = { -- if ever there is a need to fetch info from ~/Whitelist then
['cite arxiv'] = true, -- this list could also be fetched from there
['cite biorxiv'] = true,
['citeseerx'] = true,
['ssrn'] = true,
}

local function is_limited_param_template ()
local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().rootText; -- get title of current page without namespace and without sub-pages; from Template:Cite book/new -> Cite book

title = title and title:lower() or '';
return limited_param_templates[title] or '';
end

--[[--------------------------< H E A D E R _ M A K E >--------------------------------------------------------

makes a section header from <header_text> and <level>; <level> defaults to 2; cannot be less than 2

]]

local function _header_make (args)
if not args[1] then
return ''; -- no header text
end

local level = args[2] and tonumber (args[2]) or 2;

level = string.rep ('=', level);
return level .. args[1] .. level;
end

--[[--------------------------< H E A D E R _ M A K E >--------------------------------------------------------

Entry from an {{#invoke:}}
makes a section header from <header_text> and <level>; <level> defaults to 2; cannot be less than 2

]]

local function header_make (frame)
local args = getArgs (frame);
return _header_make (args);
end

--[[--------------------------< I D _ L I M I T S _ G E T >----------------------------------------------------

return the limit values for named identifier parameters that have <id> limits (pmc, pmid, ssrn, s2cid, oclc, osti, rfc); the return
value used in template documentation and error message help-text

{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|<id>}}

]]

local function id_limits_get (frame)
local args = getArgs (frame);
local handlers = cfg.id_handlers; -- get id_handlers {} table from ~/Configuration

return args[1] and handlers[args[1]:upper()].id_limit or ('<span style="color:#d33">No limit defined for identifier: ' .. (args[1] or '<unknown name>') .. '</span>');
end

--[[--------------------------< C A T _ L I N K _ M A K E >----------------------------------------------------
]]

local function cat_link_make (cat)
return table.concat ({'[[:Category:', cat, ']]'});
end

--[[--------------------------< S C R I P T _ C A T _ L I S T E R >--------------------------------------------

utility function to get script-language categories

]]

local lang_list_t = mw.language.fetchLanguageNames ('en', 'all');

local function script_cat_lister (script_lang_codes_t, lang_tag_remap_t, cats_list_t)
for _, lang_code in ipairs (script_lang_codes_t) do
local lang_name = lang_tag_remap_t[lang_code] or lang_list_t[lang_code]; -- use remap table to get Bengali instead of Bangla and the like; else use standard MediaWiki names
local cat = 'CS1 uses ' .. lang_name .. '-language script (' .. lang_code .. ')'; -- build a category name
cats_list_t[cat] = 1; -- and save it
end
end

--[[--------------------------< C S 1 _ C A T _ L I S T E R >--------------------------------------------------

This is a crude tool that reads the category names from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration, makes links of them,
and then lists them in sorted lists. A couple of parameters control the rendering of the output:
|select= -- (required) takes one of three values: error, maint, prop
|sandbox= -- takes one value: no
|hdr-lvl= -- base header level (number of == that make a header); default:2 min:2

This tool will automatically attempt to load a sandbox version of ~/Configuration if one exists.
Setting |sandbox=no will defeat this.

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|cat_lister|select=<error|maint|prop>|sandbox=<no>}}

]]

local function cat_lister (frame)
local args = getArgs (frame);

local list_live_cats = {}; -- list of live categories
local list_sbox_cats = {}; -- list of sandbox categories

local live_sbox_out = {} -- list of categories that are common to live and sandbox modules
local live_not_in_sbox_out = {} -- list of categories in live but not sandbox
local sbox_not_in_live_out = {} -- list of categories in sandbox but not live

local out = {}; -- final output assembled here

local sandbox; -- boolean; true: evaluate the sandbox module
local hdr_lvl; --

local sb_cfg;
local sandbox, sb_cfg = pcall (mw.loadData, 'Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration/sandbox'); -- get sandbox configuration

local cat;

local select = args.select;
if 'no' == args.sandbox then -- list sandbox?
sandbox = false; -- no, live only
end
if hdr_lvl then -- if set and
if tonumber (hdr_lvl) then -- can be converted to number
if 2 > tonumber (hdr_lvl) then -- min is 2
hdr_lvl = 2; -- so set to min
end
else -- can't be converted
hdr_lvl = 2; -- so default to min
end
else
hdr_lvl = 2; -- not set so default to min
end

if 'error' == select or 'maint' == select then -- error and main categorys handling different from poperties cats
for _, t in pairs (cfg.error_conditions) do -- get the live module's categories
if ('error' == select and t.message) or ('maint' == select and not t.message) then
cat = t.category:gsub ('|(.*)$', ''); -- strip sort key if any
list_live_cats[cat] = 1; -- add to the list
end
end

if sandbox then -- if ~/sandbox module exists and |sandbox= not set to 'no'
for _, t in pairs (sb_cfg.error_conditions) do -- get the sandbox module's categories
if ('error' == select and t.message) or ('maint' == select and not t.message) then
cat = t.category:gsub ('|(.*)$', ''); -- strip sort key if any
list_sbox_cats[cat] = 1; -- add to the list
end
end
end

elseif 'prop' == select then -- prop cats
for _, cat in pairs (cfg.prop_cats) do -- get the live module's categories
cat = cat:gsub ('|(.*)$', ''); -- strip sort key if any
list_live_cats[cat] = 1; -- add to the list
end

script_cat_lister (cfg.script_lang_codes, cfg.lang_tag_remap, list_live_cats); -- get live module's foriegn language script cats

if sandbox then -- if ~/sandbox module exists and |sandbox= not set to 'no'
for _, cat in pairs (sb_cfg.prop_cats) do -- get the sandbox module's categories
cat = cat:gsub ('|(.*)$', ''); -- strip sort key if any
list_sbox_cats[cat] = 1; -- add to the list
end

script_cat_lister (sb_cfg.script_lang_codes, sb_cfg.lang_tag_remap, list_sbox_cats); -- get sandbox module's foriegn language script cats
end
else
return '<span style="color:#d33; font-style:normal;">error: unknown selector: ' .. select .. '</span>'
end

for k, _ in pairs (list_live_cats) do -- separate live/sbox common cats from cats not in sbox
if not list_sbox_cats[k] and sandbox then
table.insert (live_not_in_sbox_out, cat_link_make (k)); -- in live but not in sbox
else
table.insert (live_sbox_out, cat_link_make (k)); -- in both live and sbox
end
end

for k, _ in pairs (list_sbox_cats) do -- separate sbox/live common cats from cats not in live
if not list_live_cats[k] then
table.insert (sbox_not_in_live_out, cat_link_make (k)); -- in sbox but not in live
end
end

local function comp (a, b) -- local function for case-agnostic category name sorting
return a:lower() < b:lower();
end

local header; -- initialize section header with name of selected category list
if 'error' == select then
header = 'error';
elseif 'maint' == select then
header = 'maintenance';
else
header = 'properties';
end

header = table.concat ({ -- build the main header
'Live ', -- always include this
((sandbox and 'and sandbox ') or ''), -- if sandbox evaluated, mention that
header, -- add the list name
' categories (', -- finish the name and add
#live_sbox_out, -- count of categories listed
')' -- close
})

local templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = "Div col/styles.css" }
}

header = table.concat ({ -- make a useable header
_header_make ({header, hdr_lvl}),
'\n' .. templatestyles .. '<div class="div-col">' -- opening <div> for columns
});

table.sort (live_sbox_out, comp); -- sort case agnostic acsending
table.insert (live_sbox_out, 1, header); -- insert the header at the top
table.insert (out, table.concat (live_sbox_out, '\n*')); -- make a big string of unordered list markup
table.insert (out, '</div>\n'); -- close the </div> and add new line so the next header works

if 0 ~= #live_not_in_sbox_out then -- when there is something in the table
header = table.concat ({ -- build header for subsection
'In live but not in sandbox (',
#live_not_in_sbox_out,
')'
});

header = table.concat ({ -- make a useable header
_header_make ({header, hdr_lvl+1}),
'\n' .. templatestyles .. '<div class="div-col">'
});

table.sort (live_not_in_sbox_out, comp);
table.insert (live_not_in_sbox_out, 1, header);
table.insert (out, table.concat (live_not_in_sbox_out, '\n*'));
table.insert (out, '</div>\n');
end

if 0 ~= #sbox_not_in_live_out then -- when there is something in the table
header = table.concat ({ -- build header for subsection
'In sandbox but not in live (',
#sbox_not_in_live_out,
')'
});

header = table.concat ({ -- make a useable header
_header_make ({header, hdr_lvl+1}),
'\n' .. templatestyles .. '<div class="div-col">'
});

table.sort (sbox_not_in_live_out, comp);
table.insert (sbox_not_in_live_out, 1, header);
table.insert (out, table.concat (sbox_not_in_live_out, '\n*'));
table.insert (out, '</div>\n');
end

return table.concat (out); -- concat into a huge string and done
end

--[=[--------------------------< H E L P _ T E X T _ C A T S >--------------------------------------------------

To create category links at the bottom of each error help text section and on the individual error category pages;
fetches category names from ~/Configuration; replaces this:
{{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Category:CS1 errors: bioRxiv|Category:CS1 errors: bioRxiv|[[:Category:CS1 errors: bioRxiv]]}}
with this:
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_biorxiv}}
where {{{1}}} is the error_conditions key from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration

add |pages=yes to append the number of pages in the category

]=]

local function help_text_cats (frame)
local args_t = getArgs (frame);
local error_conditions_t = cfg.error_conditions; -- get the table of error conditions
local replacements_t = {}; -- table to hold replacement parameters for $1 etc placeholders in category names
for k, v in pairs (args_t) do -- look for |$1=<replacement> parameters
if 'string' == type (k) and k:match ('^$%d+$') then -- if found
replacements_t[k] = v; -- save key and value
end
end

if args_t[1] and error_conditions_t[args_t[1]] then -- must have error_condition key and it must exist
local error_cat = error_conditions_t[args_t[1]].category; -- get error category from cs1|2 configuration
if error_cat:match ('$%d') then -- look for placeholders in <error_cat>
error_cat = error_cat:gsub ('$%d', replacements_t) -- replace place holders with matching value from replacements_t
end

local title_obj = mw.title.getCurrentTitle(); -- get a title object for the currently displayed page
local name_space = title_obj.nsText;
if ('Category' == name_space) and (error_cat == title_obj.text) then -- if this is the category page for the error message
return table.concat ({'Category:', error_cat}); -- no link; just category name
else -- here when currently displayed page is other than the error message category
local pages = ''; -- default empty strin for concatenation
if 'yes' == args_t.pages then -- if we should display category page count: TODO: do we need to keep this?
pages = mw.site.stats.pagesInCategory (error_cat, 'all'); -- get category page count
pages = table.concat ({' (', mw.language.getContentLanguage():formatNum (pages), ' page', (1 == pages) and ')' or 's)'}); -- make renderable text
end
return table.concat ({'[[:Category:', error_cat, ']]', pages}); -- link to category with or without page count
end
else
return '<span style="color:#d33">unknown error_conditions key: ' .. (args_t[1] or 'key missing') .. '</span>';
end
end

--[[--------------------------< H E L P _ T E X T _ E R R O R _ M E S S A G E >--------------------------------

to render help text example error messages
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_biorxiv}}

assign a single underscore to any of the |$n= parameters to insert an empty string in the error message:
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_issn|$1=_}} -> Check |issn= value
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_issn|$1=e}} -> Check |eissn= value

error message is rendered at 120% font size; to specify another font size use |size=; must include unit specifier (%, em, etc)

]]

local function help_text_error_messages (frame)
local args_t = getArgs (frame);
local error_conditions = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration').error_conditions;
-- local span_o = '<span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">';
local span_o = '<span class="citation-comment" style="color:#d33; font-size:' .. ((args_t.size and args_t.size) or '120%') .. '">';
local span_c = '</span>';

local message;
local out = {}; -- output goes here

if args_t[1] and error_conditions[args_t[1]] then -- must have error_condition key and it must exist
message = error_conditions[args_t[1]].message;
local i=1;
local count;
local rep;
repeat
rep = '$'..i
args_t[rep] = args_t[rep] and args_t[rep]:gsub ('^%s*_%s*$', '') or nil; -- replace empty string marker with actual empty string
message, count = message:gsub (rep, args_t[rep] or rep)
i = i + 1;
until (0 == count);

table.insert (out, span_o);
table.insert (out, message);
table.insert (out, span_c);
else
return '<span style="color:#d33">unknown error_conditions key: ' .. (args_t[1] or 'key missing') .. '</span>';
end

local out_str = table.concat (out);
return table.concat ({frame:extensionTag ('templatestyles', '', {src='Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css'}), out_str});
end

--[[--------------------------< T E M P L A T E S _ T >--------------------------------------------------------

This table is a k/v table of sequence tables. The keys in this table are collapsed lowercase form of the cs1|2
template names ({{ROOTPAGENAME}}):
Template:Cite AV media -> citeavmedia

Each subsequence table holds:
[1] documentation page where the TemplateData json is stored ({{cite book}} is the oddball)
[2] key to 'preprint_arguments_t' and unique_arguments_t' tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist; these keys
dictate which of the basic or limited arguments and numbered arguments tables will be used to validate
the content of the TemplateData

]]

local templates_t = {
citearxiv = {'Template:Cite_arXiv/doc', 'arxiv'}, -- preprint arguments
citeavmedia = {'Template:Cite AV media/doc', 'audio-visual'}, -- unique arguments
citeavmedianotes = {'Template:Cite AV media notes/doc'}, -- no template data
citebiorxiv = {'Template:Cite bioRxiv/doc', 'biorxiv'}, -- preprint arguments
citebook = {'Template:Cite book/TemplateData'},
citeciteseerx = {'Template:Cite CiteSeerX/doc', 'citeseerx'}, -- no template data; preprint uses limited arguments
citeconference = {'Template:Cite conference/doc', 'conference'}, -- unique arguments
citedocument = {'Template:Cite document/doc', 'document'}, -- special case; uses whitelist.document_parameters_t
citeencyclopedia = {'Template:Cite encyclopedia/doc'},
citeepisode = {'Template:Cite episode/doc', 'episode'}, -- unique arguments
citeinterview = {'Template:Cite interview/doc'},
citejournal = {'Template:Cite journal/doc'},
citemagazine = {'Template:Cite magazine/doc'},
citemailinglist = {'Template:Cite mailing list/doc', 'mailinglist'}, -- unique arguments -- no template data
citemap = {'Template:Cite map/TemplateData', 'map'}, -- unique arguments
citemedrxiv = {'Template:Cite medRxiv/doc', 'medrxiv'}, -- preprint arguments
citenews = {'Template:Cite news/doc'},
citenewsgroup = {'Template:Cite newsgroup/doc', 'newsgroup'}, -- unique arguments
citepodcast = {'Template:Cite podcast/doc'},
citepressrelease = {'Template:Cite press release/doc'},
citereport = {'Template:Cite report/doc', 'report'}, -- unique arguments
citeserial = {'Template:Cite serial/doc', 'serial'}, -- unique arguments -- no template data
citesign = {'Template:Cite sign/doc'},
citespeech = {'Template:Cite speech/doc', 'speech'}, -- unique arguments -- no template data
citessrn = {'Template:Cite SSRN/doc', 'ssrn'}, -- preprint arguments -- no template data
citetechreport = {'Template:Cite tech report/doc'},
citethesis = {'Template:Cite thesis/doc', 'thesis'}, -- unique arguments
citeweb = {'Template:Cite web/doc'},
citation = {'Template:Citation/doc'},
}

--[[--------------------------< N O _ P A G E _ T E M P L A T E S _ T >----------------------------------------

]]

local no_page_templates_t = {};

--[[--------------------------< I D E N T I F I E R _ A L I A S E S _ T >--------------------------------------

a table of the identifier aliases

]]

local identifier_aliases_t = {}
for identifier, handler in pairs (cfg.id_handlers) do -- for each identifier
local aliases_t = {}; -- create a table
for _, alias in ipairs (handler.parameters) do -- get the alaises
aliases_t[alias] = true; -- and add them to the table in a form that mimics the whitelist tables
end
identifier_aliases_t[identifier:lower()] = aliases_t; -- add new table to the identifier aliases table; use lowercase identifier base name for the key
end

--[[--------------------------< T E M P L A T E _ D A T A _ J S O N _ G E T >----------------------------------

get template doc page content and extract the content of the TemplateData tags (case insensitive)

<template> is the canonical name of the template doc page (with namespace) that holds the template data; usually
Template:Cite xxx/doc (except Template:Cite book/TemplateData)

]]

local function template_data_json_get (template)
local json = mw.title.new (template):getContent() or ''; -- get the content of the article or ''; new pages edited w/ve do not have 'content' until saved; ve does not preview; phab:T221625
json = json:match ('<[Tt]emplate[Dd]ata>(.-)</[Tt]emplate[Dd]ata>'); -- remove everything exept the content of the TemplatData tags
return json and mw.text.jsonDecode (json); -- decode the json string and return as a table; nil if not found
end

--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ D O C U M E N T _ P A R A M >--------------------------------

looks for <param> (can be the canonical parameter name or can be an alias) in whitelist.document_parameters_t.
When found, returns true; nil else

<param> is the parameter's name as listed in the TemplateData

]]

local function validate_document_param (param)
if true == whitelist.document_parameters_t[param] then
return true;
end
end

--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ U N I Q U E _ P A R A M >------------------------------------

looks for <param> (can be the canonical parameter name or can be an alias) in whitelist.basic_arguments{} and if
necessary in whitelist.numbered_arguments{}. When found, returns true; nil else

<param> is the parameter's name as listed in the TemplateData

]]

local function validate_basic_param (param)
if true == whitelist.common_parameters_t[param] then
return true;
end
end

--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ P R E P R I N T _ P A R A M >--------------------------------

looks for <param> (can be the canonical parameter name or can be an alias) in whitelist.preprint_arguments_t{} or
whitelist.limited_basic_arguments{} or whitelist.limited_numbered_arguments{}. When found, returns true; nil else

<param> is the parameter's name as listed in the TemplateData
<key> is key neccessary to look in the appropriate subtable of whitelist.preprint_arguments_t{}

]]

local function validate_preprint_param (param, key)
if true == whitelist.preprint_arguments_t[key][param] or
true == whitelist.limited_parameters_t[param] then
-- true == whitelist.limited_basic_arguments_t[param] or
-- true == whitelist.limited_numbered_arguments_t[param] then
return true;
end
end

--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ U N I Q U E _ P A R A M >------------------------------------

looks for <param> (can be the canonical parameter name or can be an alias) in whitelist.unique_arguments_t{} or
whitelist.basic_arguments{} or whitelist.numbered_arguments{}. When found, returns true; nil else

<param> is the parameter's name as listed in the TemplateData
<key> is key neccessary to look in the appropriate subtable of whitelist.unique_arguments_t{}

]]

local function validate_unique_param (param, key, cfg_aliases_t)
if true == whitelist.unique_arguments_t[key][param] or true == validate_basic_param (param) then
return true;
end
end

--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ I D _ P A R A M >--------------------------------------------

looks for <param> <alias> in identifier_aliases_t{}. When found, returns true; nil else

<param> is the parameter's name as listed in the TemplateData
<alias> is the alias that we're looking for

]]

local function validate_id_alias (param, alias)
return identifier_aliases_t[param] and identifier_aliases_t[param][alias];
end

--[[--------------------------< P A R A M _ E R R O R_ M S G >-------------------------------------------------

]]

local function param_error_msg (param)
return '<span style="font-family:"monospace">|' .. param .. '=</span> is not a valid parameter';
end

--[[--------------------------< D U P _ A L I A S _ E R R O R_ M S G >-----------------------------------------

]]

local function dup_alias_error_msg (param, alias)
return '<span style="font-family:"monospace">|' .. param .. '=</span> has duplicate aliases: <span font-family:"monospace";>|' .. alias .. '=</span>';
end

--[[--------------------------< D U P _ A L I A S E S _ C H E C K >--------------------------------------------

create an associative array of <param> aliases. if <alias> already present in <aliases_t> add an error message
to <out>

]]

local function dup_aliases_check (param, alias, aliases_t, out_t)
if not aliases_t[alias] then
aliases_t[alias] = true;
else
table.insert (out_t, dup_alias_error_msg (param, alias));
end
end

--[[--------------------------< A L I A S _ E R R O R_ M S G >-------------------------------------------------

]]

local function alias_error_msg (param, alias)
return '<code style="color: inherit; background: inherit; border: none; padding: inherit">|' .. alias .. '=</code> is not a valid alias of: <code style="color: inherit; background: inherit; border: none; padding: inherit">|' .. param .. '=</code>';
end

--[[--------------------------< C F G _ A L I A S E S _ T _ M A K E >------------------------------------------

convert this from cfg.aliases{}:
['AccessDate'] = {'access-date', 'accessdate'}

to this in out_t{}
['access-date'] = 'AccessDate',
['accessdate'] = 'AccessDate',

to test if |accessdate= is an aliases of |access-date=:
if out_t['access-date'] == out_t['accessdate']
]]

local function cfg_aliasts_t_make ()
local out_t = {};
for meta, params_t in pairs (cfg.aliases) do
if 'table' == type (params_t) then -- metaparameters that are assigned string values do not have aliases
for _, param in ipairs (params_t) do -- for each alias
param = param:gsub ('#', ''); -- get rid of enumerators
out_t[param] = meta; -- add it to the output table
end
end
end
--error (mw.dumpObject (out_t))
return out_t;
end

--[[--------------------------< T E M P L A T E _ D A T A _ V A L I D A T E >----------------------------------

compairs parameter names listed in a cs1|2 template's TemplateData structure (everything between <TemplateData>
and </TemplateData> tag case insensitive). Returns error messages when errors found, empty string else.

{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|template_data_validate|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}

When called from a different page:
{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|template_data_validate|<canonical template name>}}
where the <canonical template name> is the template's canonical name with or without namespace and or subpages

]]

local function template_data_validate (frame)
local args_t = getArgs (frame);

if not args_t[1] then
return '<span style="color:#d33">Error: cs1|2 template name required</span>';
end

local template_idx = args_t[1]:lower():match ('cit[ae][^/]+'); -- args_t[1] has something
if not template_idx then -- but if not a cs1|2 template abandon with error message
return '<span style="color:#d33">Error: cs1|2 template name required</span>';
else
template_idx = template_idx:gsub (' ', ''); -- is what appears to be a cs1|2 template so strip spaces
end

local cfg_aliases_t = cfg_aliasts_t_make ();

local template_t = templates_t[template_idx];
local out = {};

local template_doc = template_t[1];
local json_t = template_data_json_get (template_doc);

if not json_t then
table.insert (out, 'Error: can\'t find TemplateData');
else
for param, param_t in pairs (json_t['params']) do
local param_i; -- this will be the parameter name that gets validated
if param:find ('[Ss]2[Cc][Ii][Dd]') then -- |s2cid*= parameters are not enumerated ...
param_i = param; -- ... so don't convert the '2' to '#'
else
param_i = param:gsub ('%d+', '#'); -- for enumerated parameters, convert the enumerator digits to a single '#' character; all others unmolested
end

local param_is_valid; -- boolean true when param is valid; nil else
if template_t[2] then -- if template is a preprint or uses unique parameters of 'document' parameters
if 'document' == template_t[2] then -- if a {{cite document}} template
param_is_valid = validate_document_param (param_i, template_t[2]);
if param_is_valid then
local aliases_t = {}; -- used by dup_aliases_check
if param_t['aliases'] then
for _, alias in ipairs (param_t['aliases']) do
dup_aliases_check (param, alias, aliases_t, out);
local alias_i = alias:gsub ('%d+', '#'); -- in case an enumerated parameter, convert the enumerator digits to a single '#' character
if not validate_document_param (alias_i, template_t[2]) then -- is 'alias' a known parameter?
table.insert (out, alias_error_msg (param, alias)); -- may be known but is not supported
elseif cfg_aliases_t[param_i:gsub ('#', '')] ~= cfg_aliases_t[alias_i:gsub ('#', '')] then -- is 'alias' known to be an alias of 'param'?
table.insert (out, alias_error_msg (param, alias));
end
end
end
else -- here when param not valid preprint param
table.insert (out, param_error_msg (param))
end
elseif whitelist.preprint_arguments_t[template_t[2]] then -- if a preprint template
param_is_valid = validate_preprint_param (param_i, template_t[2]);
if param_is_valid then
local aliases_t = {}; -- used by dup_aliases_check
if param_t['aliases'] then
for _, alias in ipairs (param_t['aliases']) do
dup_aliases_check (param, alias, aliases_t, out);
local alias_i = alias:gsub ('%d+', '#'); -- in case an enumerated parameter, convert the enumerator digits to a single '#' character
if not validate_preprint_param (alias_i, template_t[2]) then -- is 'alias' a known parameter?
table.insert (out, alias_error_msg (param, alias)); -- may be known but is not supported
elseif cfg_aliases_t[param_i:gsub ('#', '')] ~= cfg_aliases_t[alias_i:gsub ('#', '')] then -- is 'alias' known to be an alias of 'param'?
table.insert (out, alias_error_msg (param, alias));
end
end
end
else -- here when param not valid preprint param
table.insert (out, param_error_msg (param))
end
elseif whitelist.unique_arguments_t[template_t[2]] then -- if a unique parameters template
param_is_valid = validate_unique_param (param_i, template_t[2]);
if param_is_valid then
local aliases_t = {}; -- used by dup_aliases_check
if param_t['aliases'] then
for _, alias in ipairs (param_t['aliases']) do
dup_aliases_check (param, alias, aliases_t, out);
local alias_i = alias:gsub ('%d+', '#'); -- in case an enumerated parameter, convert the enumerate digits to a single '#' character
if not validate_unique_param (alias_i, template_t[2]) then -- is 'alias' a known parameter?
table.insert (out, alias_error_msg (param, alias));
elseif cfg_aliases_t[param_i:gsub ('#', '')] ~= cfg_aliases_t[alias_i:gsub ('#', '')] then -- is 'alias' known to be an alias of 'param'?
table.insert (out, alias_error_msg (param, alias));
end
end
end
else -- here when param not valid unique parameter
table.insert (out, param_error_msg (param))
end
else -- should never be here if coder is doing the right thing ...
table.insert (out, 'internal error: unexpected keyword in templates_t: ' .. template_t[2]);
break;
end
else -- here when not unique or preprint
param_is_valid = validate_basic_param (param_i);
if param_is_valid then
local aliases_t = {}; -- used by dup_aliases_check
if param_t['aliases'] then
for _, alias in ipairs (param_t['aliases']) do
dup_aliases_check (param, alias, aliases_t, out)
local alias_i = alias:gsub ('%d+', '#'); -- in case an enumerated parameter, convert the enumerate digits to a single '#' character
if not validate_basic_param (alias_i) and not validate_id_alias (param, alias) then -- for isbn13 (while still supported) must not mask the digits
table.insert (out, alias_error_msg (param, alias));
elseif cfg_aliases_t[param_i:gsub ('#', '')] ~= cfg_aliases_t[alias_i:gsub ('#', '')] then -- is 'alias' known to be an alias of 'param'?
table.insert (out, alias_error_msg (param, alias));
end
end
end
else -- here when param not valid
table.insert (out, param_error_msg (param))
end
end
end
end

---------- this emits errors when page/pages/at listed in templatedata of templates that don't support those parameters ----------
-- if json_t then
-- if ({['citeavmedia']=true, ['citeepisode']=true, ['citemailinglist']=true, ['citenewsgroup']=true, ['citepodcast']=true, ['citeserial']=true, ['citesign']=true, ['citespeech']=true})[template_idx] then
-- local insource_params_t = {}; -- build sequence of pagination params not supported by these templates
-- for _, meta_param in ipairs ({'At', 'Page', 'Pages', 'QuotePage', 'QuotePages'}) do
-- if 'table' == type (cfg.aliases[meta_param]) then
-- for _, alias in ipairs (cfg.aliases[meta_param]) do -- metaparameter is a sequence
-- table.insert (insource_params_t, alias); -- add the aliases from the metaparameter sequence to the table
-- end
-- else -- metaparameter is plain text
-- table.insert (insource_params_t, cfg.aliases[meta_param]); -- add the alias to the table
-- end
-- end
--
-- for _, param in ipairs (insource_params_t) do
-- if json_t.params[param] then
-- table.insert (out, param_error_msg (param)); -- error; this parameter not supported by this template
-- end
-- end
-- end
-- end
---------- end page/pages/at error detection ----------

if 0 ~= #out then
table.sort (out);
out[1] = '*' .. out[1]; -- add a splat to the first error message

-- return table.concat ({'[[' .. template_doc .. ']] TemplateData has errors:<div style="color:#d33; font-style: normal">\n', table.concat (out, '\n*'), '</div>'});
return table.concat ({
'[[Template:' .. args_t[1] .. ']] uses ',
whitelist.preprint_arguments_t[template_t[2]] and 'preprint and limited parameter sets' or (whitelist.unique_arguments_t[template_t[2]] and 'unique and standard parameter sets' or 'standard parameter set'),
'; TemplateData has errors:\n',
'<div style="color:#d33; font-style: normal">\n', table.concat (out, '\n*'), '</div>'
});
else
return; -- no errors detected; return nothing
end
end

--[[--------------------------< E R R O R _ C A T _ P A G E _ T A L L Y >--------------------------------------

loop through Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration error_conditions {} fetching error category names. For each error
category add the number of pages in the category to the tally. Render the number when done.

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|error_cat_page_tally}}

]]

local function error_cat_page_tally ()
local error_conditions_t = cfg.error_conditions; -- get the table of error conditions
local tally = 0;
local cat_t = {}; -- some error message share a category; save tallied cats here so we don't recount the already counted
local i = 0; -- number of categories

for k, v_t in pairs (error_conditions_t) do
if k:match ('^err') then
if not cat_t[v_t.category] then
cat_t[v_t.category] = true;
tally = tally + mw.site.stats.pagesInCategory (v_t.category, 'pages'); -- get category page count; ignore subcats and files
i = i + 1;
end
end
end

return mw.language.getContentLanguage():formatNum (tally)
end

--[[--------------------------< M A I N T _ C A T _ P A G E _ T A L L Y >--------------------------------------

loop through Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration error_conditions {} fetching error category names. For each error
category add the number of pages in the category to the tally. Render the number when done.

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|maint_cat_page_tally}}

Dynamic subcats of CS1 maint: DOI inactive not counted because these names come and go as time goes by.

]]

local function maint_cat_page_tally ()
local error_conditions_t = cfg.error_conditions; -- get the table of error conditions
local tally = 0;
local cat_t = {}; -- some error message share a category; save tallied cats here so we don't recount the already counted
local i = 0; -- number of categories

for k, v_t in pairs (error_conditions_t) do
if not k:match ('^err') then -- if not an error key its a maint key
if not cat_t[v_t.category] then
cat_t[v_t.category] = true;
if 'maint_mult_names' == k or 'maint_numeric_names' == k then
local special_case_translation_t = cfg.special_case_translation;
for _, name in ipairs ({'AuthorList', 'ContributorList', 'EditorList', 'InterviewerList', 'TranslatorList'}) do
local cat_name = v_t.category:gsub ('$1', special_case_translation_t[name]); -- replace $1 with translated list name
tally = tally + mw.site.stats.pagesInCategory (cat_name, 'pages'); -- get category page count; ignore subcats and files
i = i + 1;
end
else
tally = tally + mw.site.stats.pagesInCategory (v_t.category, 'pages'); -- get category page count; ignore subcats and files
i = i + 1;
end
end
end
end

return mw.language.getContentLanguage():formatNum (tally)
end

--[[--------------------------< U N C A T E G O R I Z E D _ N A M E S P A C E _ L I S T E R >------------------

For use in the Help:CS1 error §Notes

Get namespace names and identifiers from MediaWiki. Make a human readable list of namespace names and identifiers
that cs1|2 does not categorize.

{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|uncategorized_namespace_lister}}

For convenience,
{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|uncategorized_namespace_lister|all=<anything>}}

returns a list of all namespace names and identifiers used on the current wiki. Any namespace with an
identifier less than 1, currently Mainspace (0), Special (-1), and Media (-2), is excluded from the list.

]]

local function uncategorized_namespace_lister (frame)
local list_t = {};
local function compare (a, b) -- local function to sort namespaces numerically by the identifiers
local a_num = tonumber (a:match ('%d+')); -- get identifiers and convert to numbers
local b_num = tonumber (b:match ('%d+'));
return a_num < b_num; -- do the comparison
end

for i, _ in pairs (mw.site.namespaces) do -- for each namespace in the table
if '' == frame.args.all or not frame.args.all then -- when |all= not set, make a list of uncategorized namespaces
if cfg.uncategorized_namespaces[i] then -- if the identifier is listed in our uncategorized namespace list
table.insert (list_t, table.concat ({mw.site.namespaces[i].name, ' (', i, ')'})) -- add name and identifier to our local list
end
elseif 0 < i then -- |all=<anything>: all namespace names and identifiers; ignore identifiers less than 1
table.insert (list_t, table.concat ({'*', mw.site.namespaces[i].name, ' (', i, ')'})) -- add name and identifier as an unordered list item
end
end

table.sort (list_t, compare); -- ascending numerical sort by identifier

if not frame.args.all then -- when |all= not set, format list of uncategorized namespaces and identifiers
list_t[#list_t] = 'and ' .. list_t[#list_t]; -- add 'and ' to the last name/identifier pair
return table.concat (list_t, ', '); -- make a big string and done
else -- make list of all namespaces and identifiers
return table.concat (list_t, '\n'); -- make a big string and done
end
end

--[[--------------------------< S I N G L E _ L T R _ 2 N D _ L V L _ D O M A I N _ L I S T E R >-------------

for Help:CS1_errors#bad_url, list the supported top level domains that support single-letter 2nd level names

{{#invoke:Module:cs1 documentation support|single_ltr_2nd_lvl_domain_lister}}

]]

local function single_ltr_2nd_lvl_domain_lister ()
local out_t = {}; -- output goes here
for _, tld in ipairs (cfg.single_letter_2nd_lvl_domains_t) do -- fetch each tld
table.insert (out_t, '.' .. tld); -- prefix with a dot and save in out_t{}
end
return table.concat (out_t, ', '); -- make a big string and done
end

--[[--------------------------< C O D E _ N A M E _ P A I R _ E X I S T S >----------------------------------------

Returns language code if pair exists, nil if either code doesn't exist or the name doesn't match.
Intended for use by Template:CS1 language sources/core

args[1] is language code
args[2] is language name

]]

local function code_name_pair_exists(frame)
local wiki_language = mw.getContentLanguage():getCode()
local source_list = mw.language.fetchLanguageNames(wiki_language, 'all');
local code_list = {};
local name_list = {};
local override = cfg.lang_tag_remap;

for code, name in pairs(source_list) do
add_to_list(code_list, name_list, override, code, name);
end

local args = getArgs(frame);
local language_code = args[1]
local language_name = args[2]
-- Check if the language code exists and the corresponding name matches
if code_list[language_code] == language_name then
-- Both code and name are a valid pair
return language_code
else
if override[language_code] == language_name then
-- Code and name are a valid pair found in override table
return language_code
else
-- Either code doesn't exist or the name doesn't match
return nil
end
end
end

--[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D F U N C T I O N S >------------------------------------------
]]

return {
alias_lister = alias_lister,
alias_names_get = alias_names_get,
canonical_param_lister = canonical_param_lister,
canonical_name_get = canonical_name_get,
cat_lister = cat_lister,
code_name_pair_exists = code_name_pair_exists,
error_cat_page_tally = error_cat_page_tally,
header_make = header_make,
help_text_cats = help_text_cats,
help_text_error_messages = help_text_error_messages,
id_limits_get = id_limits_get,
is_book_cite_template = is_book_cite_template,
is_limited_param_template = is_limited_param_template,
lang_lister = lang_lister,
maint_cat_page_tally = maint_cat_page_tally,
script_lang_lister = script_lang_lister,
single_ltr_2nd_lvl_domain_lister = single_ltr_2nd_lvl_domain_lister,
template_data_validate = template_data_validate,
uncategorized_namespace_lister = uncategorized_namespace_lister,
};

Help:CS1 errors

2025-12-20T18:52:44Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

{{Short description|Wikipedia help page}}
{{pp-semi-indef}}
{{Wikipedia how to}}
{{Skip to top and bottom}}

This page describes the error messages reported by the {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} citations, what they mean, and how editors might resolve the errors. [[:Category:CS1 errors]] is the general errors category and [[:Category:CS1 maintenance]] is the general maintenance category.

Errors issued by Wikipedia's <code><ref></code> system, in which citation templates are typically embedded, can be found at [[Help:Cite errors]].

== Controlling error message display ==
=== Preview messages ===
When editors preview an article, MediaWiki displays a preview message box under the Preview header. When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates have error or maintenance messages, [[Module:Citation/CS1]] summarizes those messages in the preview message box. Such a message box might look something like this:
<div style="margin-left:1.6em;" class="cdx-message cdx-message--warning cdx-message--block">
<span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content">
{{int:Previewnote}} <span class="mw-continue-editing"> {{fakelink|→ {{int:Continue-editing}}|#editform}}</span>

{{int:Scribunto-lua-warning|{{color|#085|One or more {{mono|<nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:cite book|cite book]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki>}} templates have maintenance messages}}; messages may be hidden ([[Help:CS1_errors#Controlling_error_message_display|help]]).}}

{{int:Scribunto-lua-warning|{{color|#d33|One or more {{mono|<nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki>}} templates have errors}}; messages may be hidden ([[Help:CS1_errors#Controlling_error_message_display|help]]).}}
</div>
</div>

The summary messages have three components:
#'{{int:Scribunto-lua-warning|}}' – this prefix is provided by MediaWiki;
#a colored ({{color|#085|green maintenance}} or {{color|#d33|red error}}) message that identifies the type of template that has a message with a link to that template's documentation; wrapper templates with messages will show the name of the wrapped template, and;
#'messages may be hidden' – the message suffix with a help link to this page.
Preview messages in the preview message box cannot be hidden. The preview message suffix 'messages may be hidden' means that the template's message(s) may not be visible. To learn how to show or hide template messages, see the next section ({{slink||Error and maintenance messages}}).

=== Error and maintenance messages ===

<section begin="show_error_messages_help_text" /><section begin="show_all_messages_help_text" />By default, {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} <span style="color:#d33">error messages</span> are visible to all readers and <span style="color:#085">maintenance messages</span> are hidden from all readers.

To display <span style="color:#085">maintenance messages</span> in the rendered article, include the following text in your common [[Cascading Stylesheets|CSS]] page ([[Special:MyPage/common.css|common.css]]) or your specific skin's CSS page and ([[Special:MyPage/skin.css|skin.css]]).

(Note to new editors: those CSS pages are specific to you, and control your view of pages, by adding to your user account's [[CSS]] code. If you have not yet created such a page, then clicking one of the <code>.css</code> links above will yield a page that starts "Wikipedia does not have a [[user page]] with this exact name." Click the "Start the User:''username''/''filename'' page" link, paste the text below, save the page, follow the instructions at the bottom of the new page on bypassing your browser's cache, and finally, in order to see the previously hidden maintenance messages, refresh the page you were editing earlier.)

<syntaxhighlight lang="css">:root .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint {display: inline;} /* display Citation Style 1 maintenance messages */</syntaxhighlight>

To display hidden-by-default <span style="color:#d33">error messages</span>:

<syntaxhighlight lang="css">:root .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error {display: inline;} /* display hidden Citation Style 1 error messages */</syntaxhighlight>

Even with this CSS installed, older pages in Wikipedia's cache may not have been updated to show these error messages even though the page is listed in one of the tracking categories. A [[WP:NULLEDIT|null edit]] will resolve that issue.

After (error and/maintenance) messages are displayed, it might still not be easy to find them in a large article with a lot of citations. Messages can then be found by searching (with Ctrl-F) for "(help)" or "cs1".

To hide normally-displayed <span style="color:#d33">error messages</span>:
<syntaxhighlight lang="css">:root .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error {display: none;} /* hide Citation Style 1 error messages */</syntaxhighlight>

You can personalize the display of these messages (such as changing the color), but you will need to ask someone who knows CSS or at [[WP:VPT|the technical village pump]] if you do not understand how.

{{lang|la|Nota bene}}: these CSS rules are not obeyed by [[Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups|Navigation popups]]. They also do not hide script warning messages in the Preview box that begin with "This is only a preview; your changes have not yet been saved".<section end="show_all_messages_help_text" /><section end="show_error_messages_help_text" />

=== Properties category highlighting ===

<section begin="prop_cat_highlight_help_text" />
[[Module:Citation/CS1]] adds properties categories to some CS1|2 citations. Unlike errors or maintenance needs, there is no message when a properties category is added. Properties categories may be temporary or may be perpetual. Editors can use CSS to add special styling to CS1|2 template renderings that will highlight a citation that added a properties category. For example, this template uses a long volume name:
:<code><nowiki>{{cite book |title=Title |date=May–Jun 2021 |volume = 1: Long volume}}</nowiki></code>
::{{cite book |title=Title |date=May–Jun 2021 |volume = 1: Long volume |no-tracking=y}}
If you add this to your CSS that citation will render with a {{background|#FFC|pale yellow}} background:
:<syntaxhighlight lang="css">.cs1-prop-long-vol {background: #FFC;}</syntaxhighlight>
Add one or more of these (with appropriate styling) to your CSS to highlight template renderings when those templates add the associated properties category:
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source {}|}} – subcategories of {{cl|CS1 foreign language sources}}
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2 {}|}} – {{cl|CS1 foreign language sources (ISO 639-2)}}
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-interwiki-linked-name {}|}} – author, contributor, editor, interviewer, translator name(s) linked to another language Wikipedia
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-interproj-linked-name {}|}} – author, contributor, editor, interviewer, translator name(s) linked to another MediaWiki project
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-location-test {}|}} – {{cl|CS1 location test‎}}
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-long-vol {}|}} – {{cl|CS1: long volume value}}
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-script {}|}} – subcategories of {{cl|CS1 uses foreign language script‎}}
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-tracked-param {}|}} – subcategories of {{cl|CS1 tracked parameters}}
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-unfit {}|}} — {{cl|CS1: unfit URL}}
::{{code|lang=css|.cs1-prop-year-range-abbreviated {}|}} – {{cl|CS1: abbreviated year range‎}}
<section end="prop_cat_highlight_help_text" />

==Most common errors==

* [[#ISBN / Date incompatibility]], ~45k pages
* [[#Cite <template> requires %7C<param>=]], ~31k pages
* [[#Cite uses generic name]], ~25k pages
* [[#<periodical>= ignored]], ~20k pages
* [[#Citation without a title of any form]], ~18k pages
* [[#Bare URL without a title]], ~11k pages

{{See also|Category:CS1 errors|Category:CS1 maintenance}}

==<span id="accessdate_missing_url">|access-date= requires |url= </span>==
<section begin="accessdate_missing_url_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_accessdate_missing_url}}

The {{para|access-date}} is the date that the online resource addressed by {{para|url}} was added to the article. If {{para|access-date}} has been included in the citation without {{para|url}} then this message appears. If the citation does not use a web link, then {{para|access-date}} is redundant and should be removed.

When the online resource has a publication or other fixed date associated with it, {{para|access-date}} is of limited value though may be useful in identifying an appropriate archived version of the resource. Without {{para|url}}, {{para|access-date}} is not considered useful.

To resolve this error, provide a value for {{para|url}} or remove {{para|access-date}}. Editors should try to determine why the citation has {{para|access-date}} without {{para|url}}. For example, the citation may never have had a {{para|url}}, or {{para|url}} may have been removed because it links to a site that violates the creator's copyright (see [[WP:COPYLINK]]), or because {{para|url}} was deemed to be dead. If the citation never had {{para|url}} or it was removed for copyright violations, remove {{para|access-date}}. When a dead {{para|url}} has been removed, restore the {{para|url}} and if possible repair it (see [[WP:LINKROT]]).

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_accessdate_missing_url|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="accessdate_missing_url_help_text" />

==<span id="archive_date_url_ts_mismatch">|archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch</span>==
<section begin="archive_date_url_ts_mismatch_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_archive_date_url_ts_mismatch}}

Archive.org and Archive.today URLs have a 14-digit snapshot timestamp. This error message is displayed when the archive snapshot date is not the same as the date stated in {{para|archive-date}}.

To resolve this error, make sure that {{para|archive-url}} and {{para|archive-date}} refer to the same snapshot. This could mean that values assigned to either or both parameters need to be updated. To get the correct {{para|archive-date}} value, view the archived page's source, looking for a line near the bottom that starts with "FILE ARCHIVED ON". The archive date should appear on that line.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_archive_date_url_ts_mismatch|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="archive_date_url_ts_mismatch_help_text" />

Pages with this error in the tracking category can be fixed by the bot [[WP:WAYBACKMEDIC]]. Requests to run the bot can be made at [[WP:URLREQ]].

==<span id="archive_date_missing_url">|archive-date= requires |archive-url= </span>==
<section begin="archive_date_missing_url_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_archive_date_missing_url}}

{{para|archive-date}}, identifies the date that the web resource was archived. Without a matching {{para|archive-url}} parameter, {{para|archive-date}} is meaningless.

To resolve this error, provide a value for {{para|archive-url}} or remove {{para|archive-date}}

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_archive_date_missing_url|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="archive_date_missing_url_help_text" />

==<span id="archive_url">|archive-url= is malformed </span>==
<section begin="archive_url_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_archive_url|$1=<reason>}}

Archive.org allows a variety of URLs to access snapshots of an archived page. Some of these are:
: <code><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/YYYYMMDD</nowiki><wbr /><nowiki>hhmmss/http://www.example.com</nowiki></code> – a single snapshot; this is the preferred form for use with {{para|archive-url}}
: <code><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://</nowiki><wbr />www.example.com</code> – a wildcard search results page; useful for locating an appropriate snapshot but not appropriate in a citation
: <code><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/</nowiki><wbr />201603/<nowiki>http://www.example.com</nowiki></code> – incomplete timestamp; archive.org returns the most recent snapshot
: <code><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/save/http://</nowiki><wbr />www.example.com</code> – saves a new snapshot of the current target; do not use this form
There are two forms of the basic URL:
: <code><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/</nowiki><''timestamp''>/...</code> – the old form
: <code><nowiki>https://web.archive.org</nowiki>/'''web/'''<''timestamp''><''flags''>/...</code> – the new form
The error message identifies the reason for the message. The reasons are:
: {{error-small|save command}} – the archive.org URL is the save command
: {{error-small|path}} – '''web/''' was expected but something else was found
: {{error-small|timestamp}} – the timestamp portion of the URL path is not 14 digits
: {{error-small|flag}} – the flag portion of the URL path (if present; new form URLs only) is not 2 lowercase letters followed by an underscore: 'id_'
: {{error-small|liveweb}} – <code>liveweb.archive.org</code> is a deprecated form of the domain name
When the archive.org URL has any of these errors, Module:Citation/CS1 does not link to archive.org in normal article view and emits an appropriate error message.

However, in article preview mode, the module creates a modified link to archive.org that uses a partial timestamp with <code>*</code> wildcard suffix. This new URL links to an archive.org calendar view so that editors may more easily select a suitable archived snapshot from those available at archive.org to fix the malformed {{para|archive-url}} link. (If no snapshots have been archived at archive.org, and the cited page is still live, this link also allows editors to save the first snapshot of the page at archive.org.)

To resolve this error, choose the URL of an appropriate snapshot from those held at archive.org. [https://archive.org/web/ Search for the target URL] at archive.org.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_archive_url|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="archive_url_help_text" />

==<span id="archive_missing_date">|archive-url= requires |archive-date= </span>==
<section begin="archive_missing_date_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_archive_missing_date}}

{{para|archive-date}}, identifies the date that the web resource was archived.

To resolve this error, provide a value for {{para|archive-date}} (see acceptable date formats in [[MOS:DATEFORMAT]]). For web resources archived at archive.org,<ref name="archive.org" /> the archival date can be found in the {{para|archive-url}}; for resources archived at webcitation.org,<ref name="webcitation.org" /> the cache date is included in the archive header.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_archive_missing_date|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="archive_missing_date_help_text" />

==<span id="archive_missing_url">|archive-url= requires |url= </span>==
<section begin="archive_missing_url_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_archive_missing_url}}

A properly formatted citation that includes {{para|archive-url}} and {{para|archive-date}} requires {{para|url}}. When the citation includes {{para|url-status|live}}, the ordering of elements in the rendered citation is changed to put the original URL first.

To resolve this error, provide a value for {{para|url}}. For web resources archived at archive.org,<ref name="archive.org" /> the original URL can be found in the {{para|archive-url}} value; for resources archived at webcitation.org,<ref name="webcitation.org" /> the original URL is included in the archive header.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_archive_missing_url|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="archive_missing_url_help_text" />

==<span id="arxiv_missing">|arxiv= required</span>==
<section begin="arxiv_missing_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_arxiv_missing}}

{{tlx|cite arXiv}} requires one, but not both, of the identifier parameters {{para|arxiv}} or {{para|eprint}} to specify an [[arXiv]] identifier.

To resolve this error, ensure that the template has {{para|arxiv}} or {{para|eprint}} with a properly constructed value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_arxiv_missing|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="arxiv_missing_help_text" />

==<span id="asintld_missing_asin">|asin-tld= requires |asin=</span>==
<section begin="asintld_missing_asin_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_asintld_missing_asin|$1=asin-tld}}

When {{para|asin-tld}} is used in a CS1|2 template, {{para|asin}} (with value) must also be present.

To resolve this error, either add the missing ASIN or remove the 'broken' parameter.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_asintld_missing_asin|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="asintld_missing_asin_help_text" />

==<span id="biorxiv_missing">|biorxiv= required</span>==
<section begin="biorxiv_missing_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_biorxiv_missing}}

{{tlx|cite bioRxiv}} requires the identifier parameter {{para|biorxiv}}.

To resolve this error, ensure that the template has {{para|biorxiv}} with a properly constructed value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_biorxiv_missing|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="biorxiv_missing_help_text" />

==<span id="chapter_ignored">|chapter= ignored</span>==
<section begin="chapter_ignored_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_chapter_ignored|$1=chapter}}

{{cs1}} templates {{tlx|cite web}}, {{tlx|cite news}}, {{tlx|cite journal}}, {{tlx|cite magazine}}, {{tlx|cite press release}}, {{tlx|cite podcast}}, {{tlx|cite newsgroup}}, as well as template {{tlx|citation}} when it uses {{para|work}} or any of its aliases, do not support {{para|chapter}} and its components {{para|trans-chapter}}, {{para|script-chapter}}, {{para|chapter-url}}, and {{para|chapter-format}}. The alias parameters {{para|contribution}}, {{para|entry}}, {{para|article}}, {{para|section}}, and their components, are similarly not supported.

To resolve this error:

* use a more appropriate citation template (such as {{tl|cite book}} or {{tl|cite encyclopedia}}), or
* place the content of the {{para|chapter}} parameter in {{para|title}}, or
* for {{tl|cite news}}, {{para|department}} can be used to give the name of the newspaper's section, such as "Obituaries", or
* for {{tl|citation}}, remove {{para|work}} or its aliases such as {{para|website}} and place their content in {{para|title}} if appropriate
* move the content of the {{para|chapter}} parameter out of the template, before the closing <nowiki></ref></nowiki>

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_chapter_ignored|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="chapter_ignored_help_text" />

==<span id="invisible_char"><char> character in |<param>= at position ''n''</span>==
<section begin="invisible_char_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_invisible_char|$1=<char> character|$2=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param>=</code>|$3={{var|n}}}}

This error is reported for citations with parameter values that contain invisible or non-printable characters known as [[control character]]s; the error includes the position at which the character can be found. [[Module:Citation/CS1]] detects parameter values that contain any of these characters:

* [[non-breaking space]], U+00A0
* [[soft hyphen]], U+00AD
* [[replacement character]], U+FFFD
* [[hair space]], U+200A
* [[zero-width space]], U+200B
* [[zero-width joiner]], U+200D (note that these are permitted as part of emoji modifiers; see note below)
* [[horizontal tab]], U+0009 (HT)
* [[line feed]], U+0010 (LF)
* [[carriage return]], U+0013 (CR)
* [[delete character]], U+007F (DEL)
* [[C0 and C1 control codes|C0 control]], U+0000–U+001F (NULL–US)
* [[C0 and C1 control codes|C1 control]], U+0080–U+009F (XXX–APC)

To resolve invisible-character errors, remove or replace the identified character. Most intentional white-space characters should be replaced with a normal space character (i.e. press your keyboard's space bar). See [[MOS:NBSP]] for guidance on insertion of intentional non-breaking spaces.

Because these characters are mostly invisible, the error message identifies the character's position in the parameter value counted from the left. Space characters between the assignment operator (the '=' sign) and the parameter value are not counted. If you move through the citation with the arrow keys then the cursor may stand still once at an invisible character, which can be removed with {{keypress|Delete}} or {{keypress|Backspace}}. If you copy-paste a string to the "Characters" field at https://r12a.github.io/app-conversion/ and click "View in UniView" then the position and name of all characters is shown.

[[Zero-width joiner]] characters (U+200D) are used as a valid part of emoji modification (for example, adding a skull emoji to a flag emoji to create a pirate flag emoji). When new modifiers are added to the emoji character set, which happens one or two times per year, those modifiers need to be added to the Citation Style 1 "Configuration" module. Editors can request this addition at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]].

{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_invisible_char|$1=<name> stripmarker|$2=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param>=</code>|$3={{var|n}}}}

[[Help:Strip markers|Strip markers]] are special sequences of characters that [[MediaWiki]] inserts as a place-holder for certain [[XML]]-like tags. These tags include {{tag|gallery}}, {{tag|math}}, {{tag|nowiki}}, {{tag|pre}}, and {{tag|ref}}. The strip markers are replaced with content before the final page rendering. The module ignores math and nowiki strip markers.

To resolve strip marker errors, remove or replace the identified tag. The error message identifies the strip marker's position in the parameter value counted from the left. Space characters between the assignment operator (the '=' sign) and the parameter value are not counted when calculating the position.

Strip marker errors can also be caused by unsupported additional text or templates in parameter values{{mdash}}for example, {{tl|ISBN}} in {{para|title}}. Resolve the problem by moving the extraneous text outside the citation template, or by removing the extraneous text or template markup, as appropriate.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_invisible_char|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="invisible_char_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_arxiv">Check |arxiv= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_arxiv_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_arxiv}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|arxiv}}, a test is done to see if the [[arXiv]] identifier conforms with the arXiv identifier scheme.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arxiv.org/help/arxiv_identifier |title=Understanding the arXiv identifier |website=[[Cornell University Library]] |access-date=2014-08-20}}</ref> The identifier is checked for a valid number of digits in the article id; valid year and month values; and properly-placed hyphens, slashes, and dots.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|arxiv}} value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_arxiv|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_arxiv_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_asin">Check |asin= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_asin_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_asin}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|asin}}, a test is done to see if the [[ASIN]] identifier contains ten upper-case alphanumeric characters without punctuation or spaces and that if the first character is numeric, that the ASIN conforms to the rules for a ten-digit [[ISBN]].

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|asin}} value is correct.

If the {{para|asin}} value is correct and all-numeric, use {{para|isbn}} instead and delete any {{para|asin-tld}} parameters.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_asin|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_asin_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_asin_tld">Check |asin-tld= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_asin-tld_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_asin_tld}}

{{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain a test for known {{para|asin-tld}} values to specify the [[top-level domain]] (TLD) of a given [[ASIN]] identifier link. The list of currently supported values is:

<section begin="asin-tld_values_list" /><code>ae</code>, <code>au</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>ca</code>, <code>cn</code>, <code>de</code>, <code>es</code>, <code>fr</code>, <code>in</code>, <code>it</code>, <code>jp</code>, <code>mx</code>, <code>nl</code>, <code>pl</code>, <code>sa</code>, <code>se</code>, <code>sg</code>, <code>tr</code>, <code>uk</code><section end="asin-tld_values_list" />

It is not necessary to provide {{para|asin-tld}} to specify the default (United States). If you want to specify this condition explicitly, a pseudo-value of <code>us</code> can be given to denote this.

All these values are automatically resolved to the correct TLD following one of the schemes <code>''nn''</code>, <code>com.''nn''</code>, <code>co.''nn''</code>, <code>z.''nn''</code>, and <code>com</code>.

If an unsupported value is encountered, the template will issue this error message.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|asin-tld}} value is correct.

If the value is correct, please report this at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that it can be added to the list of supported values.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_asin_tld|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_asin-tld_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_bibcode">Check |bibcode= <message></span>==
<section begin="bad_bibcode_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_bibcode|$1=<message>}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|bibcode}}, a test is done to see if the [[bibcode]] identifier has the proper format.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bibcodes |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/help/actions/bibcode |website=ADS news, blogs, and help pages |publisher=The SAO Astrophysics Data System |access-date=2025-10-21 |date=2015-02-09}}</ref> Bibcodes are expected to match these requirements:
: length must be 19 characters (<message> = '<span class="error" style="font-size:100%">length</span>')
: characters in position(s): (except as specified otherwise, violations produce '<span class="error" style="font-size:100%">value</span>' in the <message> portion of the error message):
:: 1–4 must be digits and must represent a year in the range of 1000 – next year (<message> = '<span class="error" style="font-size:100%">year</span>')
:: 5 must be a letter
:: 6–8 must be a letter, ampersand, or dot (ampersand cannot directly precede a dot; &. (<message> = '<span class="error" style="font-size:100%">journal</span>'))
:: 9 must be a letter or dot
:: 10–18 must be a letter, digit, or dot
:: 19 must be a letter or dot
To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|bibcode}} value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_bibcode|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_bibcode_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_biorxiv">Check |biorxiv= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_biorxiv_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_biorxiv}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|biorxiv}}, a test is done to see if the [[bioRxiv]] identifier has the proper form. There are two valid forms, each beginning with bioRxiv's doi directory indicator and registrant code (10.1101) and followed by:
: six numeric characters without punctuation or spaces:
::{{para|biorxiv|10.1101/######}}
::: <code>######</code> – 6-digit bioRxiv identifier
: ymd format date prefix followed by six numeric characters without punctuation or spaces followed by optional version:
:: {{para|biorxiv|10.1101/yyyy.mm.dd.######v#}} where:
::: <code>yyyy.mm.dd.</code> – represents a date no earlier than 11 December 2019 (<code>2019.12.11.</code>) and no later than tomorrow's date; date must be a valid date
::: <code>######</code> – 6-digit bioRxiv identifier
::: <code>v#</code> – optional version indicator

A common error is to include the bioRxiv ''URL'' (<code>{{red|<nowiki>https://dx.doi.org/</nowiki>}}10.1101/######}}</code>).

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|biorxiv}} value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_biorxiv|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_biorxiv_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_citeseerx">Check |citeseerx= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_citeseerx_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_citeseerx}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|citeseerx}}, a test is done to see if the [[CiteSeerX]] identifier has the proper format.
The expected identifier is the value assigned to the <code>?doi=</code> query key in the URL of a CiteSeerX document. (This query key should not be confused with a [[Digital Object Identifier]]: it should not be input as {{para|doi}}.)

For instance, if you want to link to <code>http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.220.7880</code>, use {{para|citeseerx|10.1.1.220.7880}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_citeseerx|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_citeseerx_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_date">Check date values in: |<param1>=, |<param2>=, ...</span>==
<section begin="bad_date_help_text" />{{help desk}}
{{plainlist}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_date|$1=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param1>=</code>, <code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param2>=</code>, ...}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_date|$1=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}year=</code> / <code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}date=</code> mismatch}}
{{endplainlist}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain date-holding parameters, an automated test is done to see if the dates are real dates that comply with a [[Help:Citation_Style_1#Date format compliance with Wikipedia's Manual of Style|subset of the date rules]] in Wikipedia's Manual of Style, specifically checking for violations of [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers#Dates and years|MOS:DATEFORMAT]].

To resolve this error, ensure that the date is an actual date and that the date format follows the [[MOS:DATEFORMAT|Wikipedia Manual of Style's guidance on dates]] in the named parameter. See [[Help:CS1 errors#ExamplesOfUnacceptableDates|examples of unacceptable dates and how to fix them]], below. Or, some conceptual issues to look for:
* impossible dates, such as 29 February 2011 (2011 was not a leap year)
* {{para|access-date}} must specify a day, not just a month or year
* {{para|archive-date}} must specify a whole date
* misplaced, incorrect, or extraneous punctuation
* misplaced, incorrect, or extraneous spacing
* extra or missing zeros, such as June 06 instead of June 6
* extraneous text
* hyphens or slashes instead of en dashes in date ranges (en dashes are required)
* misspelling or improper capitalization (see [[MOS:ALLCAPS]] for more detail that is not in [[MOS:DATEFORMAT|Wikipedia Manual of Style's guidance on dates]])
* other unacceptable date formats listed in [[MOS:BADDATEFORMAT]]
* more than one date in a date-holding parameter
* days of the week (such as Monday, June 6 instead of June 6)
* years before 100 AD, including BCE/BC dates. Try using parameter {{para|orig-date}} instead.

See [[Help:Citation_Style_1#CS1_compliance_with_Wikipedia.27s_Manual_of_Style|Help: Citation Style 1]] for information about limitations in the CS1 citation templates' handling of date formats. [[WP:DATERANGE|The MOS section on date ranges]] describes how to separate dates in a date range. Do not use <code>&nbsp;</code>, <code>&ndash;</code>, or {{tlx|spaced ndash}} as these corrupt the metadata. To add an en dash, use the [[Help:CharInsert#Insert|CharInsert]] edit tool or see [[Wikipedia:How to make dashes]]. You may also copy and paste this one: –. A bot is often able to correct the separator, provided the overall format is unambiguous.

Future dates in {{para|date}} in CS1|2 citations are limited to current year + 1; that is, for {{#time:Y}}, citation dates in {{#time:Y|now +1 year}} are acceptable but citation dates in {{#time:Y|now +2 year}} and beyond are not.

Dates prior to 1582 are treated as [[Julian calendar]] dates. Dates from 1582 onward are treated as [[Gregorian calendar]] dates. The Julian calendar was used in some places until approximately 1923. Three Julian calendar dates in the overlap period, 29 February in the years 1700, 1800, and 1900, will cause this error message because those years are not leap years in the Gregorian calendar.

The access date (in {{para|access-date}}) is checked to ensure that it contains a full date (day, month, and year) and is between 15 January 2001 (the founding date of Wikipedia) and today's date plus one day, because it represents the date that an editor viewed a web-based source to verify a statement on Wikipedia. Because editors may be in time zones that are one day ahead of the UTC date, one extra day is accepted.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_date|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_date_help_text" />
{{anchor|Date Fix Table|Dates|DateFixTable}}
{{anchor|ExamplesOfUnacceptableDates}}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Examples of unacceptable dates and how to fix them
|-
! Issue !! Unacceptable !! Acceptable
|-
| Hyphen in date range (use en dash) || {{para|plain=y|date|2002{{red|-}}2003}} || {{para|plain=y|date|2002{{green|–}}2003}}
|-
| Slash in date range (use en dash) || {{para|plain=y|date|2002{{red|/}}2003}} or {{para|plain=y|date|July{{red|/}}August 2003}}||{{para|plain=y|date|2002{{green|–}}2003}} or {{para|plain=y|date|July{{green|–}}August 2003}}
|-
| Hyphen in date range (use en dash) || {{para|plain=y|date|April{{red|-}}May 2004}} || {{para|plain=y|date|April{{green|–}}May 2004}}
|-
| Missing space around en dash for range of full dates || {{para|plain=y|date|April 2003{{red|–}}May 2004}} || {{para|plain=y|date|April 2003 {{green|–}} May 2004}}
|-
| Month capitalization || {{para|plain=y|date|28 {{red|f}}ebruary 1900}} || {{para|plain=y|date|28 {{green|F}}ebruary 1900}}
|-
| Month capitalization || {{para|plain=y|date|28 F{{red|EBRUARY}} 1900}} || {{para|plain=y|date|28 F{{green|ebruary}} 1900}}
|-
| Season capitalization || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|s}}pring 2011}} || {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|S}}pring 2011}}
|-
| Future date (typo) || {{para|plain=y|date|2{{red|10}}2}} || {{para|plain=y|date|2{{green|01}}2}}
|-
| Access date in future (see note above) || {{para|plain=y|access-date|{{red|{{day+1|{{day+1}}}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}}}}}} || {{para|plain=y|access-date|{{Currentmonthday}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}}}}
|-
| Access date impossibly far in the past (typo) || {{para|plain=y|access-date|1 January 20{{red|01}}}} || {{para|plain=y|access-date|1 January 20{{green|10}}}}
|-
| Access date only specifies month || {{para|plain=y|access-date|{{red|January}} 2015}} || {{para|plain=y|access-date|{{green|12 January}} 2015}}
|-
| Ambiguous date range or year and month || {{para|plain=y|date|2002-{{red|03}}}} || {{plainlist|
* {{para|plain=y|date|2002–{{green|20}}03}}
* {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|March}} 2002}}}}
|-
| Bad abbreviation || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|Febr.}} 28, 1900}} || {{plainlist|
* {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|Feb}} 28, 1900}}
* {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|February}} 28, 1900}}}}
|-
| Nonexistent date || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|February 29, 1900}}}} ||
|-
| Undated || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|Undated}}}} || {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|n.d.}}}}
|-
| Comma in month and year || {{para|plain=y|date|February{{red|,}} 1900}} || {{para|plain=y|date|February 1900}}
|-
| Comma in season || {{para|plain=y|date|Winter{{red|,}} 1900–1901}} || {{para|plain=y|date|Winter 1900–1901}}
|-
| Missing comma in format which requires it || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|February 28 1900}}}} || {{para|plain=y|date|February 28{{green|,}} 1900}} or {{para|plain=y|date|28 February 1900}} or {{para|plain=y|date|1900-02-28}}
|-
| Non-date text || {{para|plain=y|date|2008{{red|, originally 2000}}}} || {{para|plain=y|date|2008}} {{green|{{para|plain=y|orig-date|2000}}}}
|-
| Zero-padding || {{para|plain=y|date|January {{red|04}}, 1987}} || {{para|plain=y|date|January {{green|4}}, 1987}}
|-
| Date with slashes || {{para|plain=y|date|12{{red|/}}6{{red|/}}87}} || {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|December 6, 19}}87}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|6 December 19}}87}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|1987-12-06}}}}<br/>or<br/>{{para|plain=y|date|{{green|12 June 19}}87}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|June 12, 19}}87}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|1987-06-12}}}}
|-
| Two-digit year || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|87}}-12-06}} || {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|19}}87-12-06}}
|-
| One-digit month or day || {{para|plain=y|date|2007-{{red|3}}-{{red|6}}}} || {{para|plain=y|date|2007-{{green|03}}-{{green|06}}}}
|-
| Wikified date || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|<nowiki>[[</nowiki>}}April 1{{red|<nowiki>]]</nowiki>}}, {{red|<nowiki>[[</nowiki>}}1999{{red|<nowiki>]]</nowiki>}} }} || {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|April 1, 1999}}}}
|-
| "mm-dd-yyyy" or "dd-mm-yyyy" date format || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|07-12-}}2009}} || {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|7 December}} 2009}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|12 July}} 2009}}<br />or<br />{{para|plain=y|date|{{green|July 12,}} 2009}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|December 7,}} 2009}}<br />or <br />{{para|plain=y|date|2009-{{green|07-12}}}} or {{para|plain=y|date|2009-{{green|12-07}}}}
|-
| Quarters || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|3Q}} 1984}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|3rd Qtr.,}} 1984}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|Third quarter}} 1984}} || {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|Third Quarter}} 1984}}
|-
| Named dates || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|Xmas}} 1984}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|christmas}} 1984}} || {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|Christmas}} 1984}}
|-
| Approximate or uncertain dates || {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|circa}} 1970}} or {{para|plain=y|date|{{red|<nowiki>{{circa}}</nowiki>}} 1970}} || {{para|plain=y|date|{{green|c.}} 1970}}
|-
|}

==<span id="bad_doi">Check |doi= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_doi_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_doi}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|doi}}, a test is done to see if the prefix portion of the [[Digital object identifier|DOI]] value is correctly formatted and has what appears to be a valid registrant code. A proper DOI prefix begins with the <code>10.</code> directory indicator. The remaining portion of the prefix is a string of digits and the dot character which form the registrant code. When the directory indicator is <code>10.</code>, the CS1|2 templates test for a valid registrant code. Valid registrant codes:
* must be composed of digits
* must be in the range:
** 1000–9999
** 10000–49999
* may have one or more subcodes that begin with a dot followed by digits (1000.10)
* must not be 5555 (invalid/temporary/test)
Additionally, the {{para|doi}} value is checked to make sure that it does not contain spaces, en dashes, does not end with punctuation. Further validation of the DOI is not performed.

Do not include the <code><nowiki>https://doi.org/</nowiki></code> scheme and domain name from a URL. A proper {{para|doi}} value looks like {{para|doi|10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.904}}.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|doi}} value is correct.

In very rare cases, publishers have released works with a DOI deviating from the standard form. If you are certain that such a non-conforming DOI truly corresponds to the published work, then you can add [[Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup|accept-this-as-written markup]] around the identifier to suppress the error message. (Do not use this markup for DOIs, which are ''inactive'' rather than ''non-conforming''. Instead, use {{para|doi-broken-date}} for them.)

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_doi|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_doi_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_hdl">Check |hdl= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_hdl_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_hdl}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|hdl}}, a test is done to see if the [[Handle System|hdl]] value looks like a properly defined value. The {{para|hdl}} value is checked to make sure that it does not contain spaces or en dashes and does not end with punctuation. Further validation of the hdl is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|hdl}} value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_hdl|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_hdl_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_isbn">Check |isbn= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_isbn_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_isbn|$1=<type>}}

{{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates that contain {{para|isbn}} are checked to ensure that the [[ISBN]] is the proper length (ten or thirteen digits), that the ISBN uses the correct optional separators (simple space or hyphen), and that the final [[check digit]] is correct according to the ISBN specification. Only one ISBN is allowed in this field because the whole {{para|isbn}} value is included in the citation's [[COinS]] [[metadata]]. See also [[Wikipedia:COinS]]. More than one ISBN, or characters that are not part of the ISBN, corrupt the COinS metadata and may also corrupt the link to [[Special:BookSources]]. (If relevant, they can be specified using {{para|id|{{tlp|ISBN|...}}}} instead.)

The error message <type> indicator can be:
: {{error-small|length}} – ISBN is not 10 or 13 digits
: {{error-small|checksum}} – ISBN has one or more incorrect digits; look for typos and transposition
: {{error-small|invalid character}} – ISBN has one or more 'digits' that is not in the allowed set appropriate to ISBN length
: {{error-small|invalid prefix}} – 13-digit ISBNs must begin with '978' or '979'
: {{error-small|invalid form}} – 10-digit ISBNs with the mis-positioned 'X' character
: {{error-small|invalid group id}} – 13-digit ISBN begins with '9790'; this prefix / group ID combination is reserved to [[ISMN]]
To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|isbn}} value is correct, that only one ISBN is used, that the proper optional separators are used, and that no other text is included. Use the ISBN printed on the work rather than one retrieved from third-party sources. If ''both are available'', use the 13-digit ISBN. When a 10-digit ISBN is used, if the check digit is a lowercase 'x', change it to an uppercase 'X'.

* '''Do not''' try to resolve the error by simply recalculating the check digit. The check digit is there to check whether the main part of the number is correct. If the ISBN is failing to validate, it is likely that there is a typo in the main part of the number. In this case, recalculating the check digit results in an apparently valid ISBN that leads to the wrong source (or to nowhere).
* If you only have a 10-digit ISBN, '''do''' use the number as-is, do not try to convert it to the 13-digit form.
* If the ISBN as printed in your source is refusing to validate, '''do''' check both the front matter and the book cover for ISBNs. It is not uncommon for the ISBN to be misprinted in the front matter but correct on the cover.
* '''Do''' preview your edit and check that the new ISBN does now link to the correct source.
* Bad ISBNs are a [[Wikipedia:Signs_of_AI_writing#Invalid DOI and ISBNs|possible indicator of LLM-generated text]]. '''Do''' consider reviewing the surrounding text, the entire article, or recent edits to that article for AI [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|hallucinations]] and [[Wikipedia:Signs_of_AI_writing|other hallmarks of LLM generation]].

In very rare cases, publishers have released books with malformed ISBNs. If you are certain that a non-conforming ISBN truly corresponds to the published work, then you can add [[Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup|accept-this-as-written markup]] around the identifier to suppress the error message. In many cases, books may have been reissued with a corrected ISBN. Use a corrected ISBN when possible.

Sometimes there are numbers assigned to {{para|isbn}} that appear to be legitimate – length is right, check digit is correct – but that aren't true ISBN numbers. This [http://isbn.org/ISBN_converter tool] may be helpful.

See also [[Wikipedia:ISBN]].

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_isbn|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_isbn_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_ismn">Check |ismn= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_ismn_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_ismn}}

{{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates that contain {{para|ismn}} are checked to ensure that the [[ISMN]] is the proper length (thirteen digits), that the ISMN uses the correct optional separators (simple space or hyphen), and that the final [[check digit]] is correct according to the ISMN specification. Only one ISMN is allowed in this field because the whole {{para|ismn}} value is included in the citation's [[COinS]] [[metadata]]. See also [[Wikipedia:COinS]]. More than one ISMN, or characters that are not part of the ISMN, corrupt the COinS metadata. (If relevant, they can be specified using {{para|id|{{tlp|ISMN|...}}}} instead.)

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|ismn}} value is correct, that only one ISMN is used, that the proper optional separators are used, and that no other text is included. Make sure that the ISMN contains exactly 13 digits.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_ismn|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_ismn_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_issn">Check |issn= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_issn_help_text" />{{help desk}}
{{plainlist}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_issn|$1=_}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_issn|$1=e}}
{{endplainlist}}

{{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates that contain {{para|issn}} and/or {{para|eissn}} are checked to ensure that the [[ISSN]] is the proper length (eight digits) and that the final [[check digit]] validates according to the ISSN specification. Only one each of ISSN and eISSN is allowed in this field because the whole {{para|issn}} and {{para|eissn}} values are included in the citation's [[COinS]] [[metadata]]. See also [[Wikipedia:COinS]]. (If relevant, they can be specified using {{para|id|{{tlp|ISSN|...}} {{tlp|EISSN|...}}}} instead.)

The ISSN and eISSN are always rendered as two four-digit numbers separated with a hyphen.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|issn}} and {{para|eissn}} values are correct, that only one value per parameter is used, and that no other text is included (allowable characters are 0–9, X, and -). If the check-digit is a lowercase 'x', change it to an uppercase 'X'. It may also be worth checking an actual [[hyphen]] (-) has been used, and not a hyphen-like character like an [[endash]] (–).

In very rare cases, publishers have released works with a malformed identifier. If you are certain that a non-conforming identifier truly corresponds to the published work, then you can add [[Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup|accept-this-as-written markup]] around the identifier to suppress the error message. In some cases, works may have been reissued with a corrected identifier. Use the corrected one when possible.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_issn|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_issn_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_jfm">Check |jfm= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_jfm_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_jfm}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|jfm}}, a test is done to see if the [[Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik|JFM]] identifier value looks like a properly defined value. The {{para|jfm}} identifier is checked to make sure that it has the form: <code>nn.nnnn.nn</code> where <code>n</code> is any digit 0–9. Further validation of the JFM identifier is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|jfm}} value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_jfm|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_jfm_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_jstor">Check |jstor= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_jstor_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_jstor}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|jstor}}, a test is done to see if the [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]] identifier value looks like a properly defined value. Error messages are emitted when the assigned value has some form of the string 'jstor' (case-agnostic), or has a URI scheme (<code>http://</code> or <code>https://</code>), or has any space characters.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|jstor}} value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_jstor|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_jstor_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_lccn">Check |lccn= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_lccn_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_lccn}}

The {{para|lccn}} parameter is for the [[Library of Congress Control Number]] identifier. It is checked to ensure that the identifier is the proper length and has the correct initial digits.

LCCN is a character string 8–12 characters long. The length of the LCCN dictates the character type of the initial 1–3 characters; the rightmost eight are always digits.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/marc/lccn-namespace.html#syntax |title=The LCCN Namespace |website=Network Development and MARC Standards Office |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |date=November 2003}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable"
|+ LCCN format description
! Length !! Description
|-
| 8 || all characters are digits
|-
| 9 || first character is a lower case letter
|-
| 10|| first two characters are either both lower case letters or both digits
|-
| 11|| first character is a lower case letter, second and third characters are either both lower case letters or both digits
|-
| 12|| first two characters are both lower case letters
|-
|}

Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|lccn}} value is correct and that there are no other letters, punctuation, or other characters.

When receiving this error, be on the lookout for publishers who omitted leading zeros in the LCCN following the two or four digit year. For example, an LCCN that is [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=LCCN&searchArg=92035247&searchType=1&permalink=y properly 92-035427] could be shortened in the printed work to [https://books.google.com/books?id=3ocPU-S9gloC&q=35247 92-35247]. When experimenting with inserting omitted zeroes, cross-check the finished number against the LCCN permalinks online.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_lccn|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_lccn_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_medrxiv">Check |medrxiv= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_medrxiv_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_medrxiv}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|medrxiv}}, a test is done to see if the [[medRxiv]] identifier has the proper form. The medRxiv identifier begins with medRxiv's doi directory indicator and registrant code (10.1101) and followed by:
: ymd format date prefix followed by eight numeric characters without punctuation or spaces followed by optional version:
:: {{para|medrxiv|10.1101/yyyy.mm.dd.########v#}} where:
::: <code>yyyy.mm.dd.</code> – represents a date no earlier than 1 January 2020 (<code>2020.01.01.</code>) and no later than tomorrow's date; date must be a valid date
::: <code>########</code> – 8-digit medRxiv identifier
::: <code>v#</code> – optional version indicator

A common error is to include the medRxiv ''URL'' (<code>{{red|<nowiki>https://dx.doi.org/</nowiki>}}10.1101/yyyy.mm.dd.########}}</code>).

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|medrxiv}} value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_medrxiv|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_medrxiv_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_message_id">Check |message-id= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_message_id_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_usenet_id}}

The {{para|message-id}} parameter holds the unique identifier associated with a netnews message.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5536 |title=Netnews Article Format |website=[[Internet Engineering Task Force]] |at=[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5536#section-3.1.3 3.1.3] |rfc=5536 |date=November 2009}}</ref> The value in {{para|message-id}} is checked to make sure that it contains <code>@</code> between left and right identifiers. {{para|message-id}} is also checked to make sure that the first character is not <code><</code> and the last character is not <code>></code>. [[Module:Citation/CS1]] adds the [[URI scheme]] <code>news:</code> to the value in {{para|message-id}}. If the value in {{para|message-id}} is wrapped in <code><...></code> characters, the link created fails.

Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|message-id}} value is correct, that it contains <code>@</code> and is not wrapped in <code><...></code> characters.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_usenet_id|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_message_id_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_mr">Check |mr= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_mr_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_mr}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|mr}}, a test is done to see if the [[Mathematical Reviews|MR]] identifier value looks like a properly defined value. The {{para|mr}} identifier is checked to make sure that it contains only digits and that it is no more than seven digits in length. Further validation of the MR identifier is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|mr}} value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_mr|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_mr_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_oclc">Check |oclc= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_oclc_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_oclc}}

The {{para|oclc}} parameter is for the [[OCLC]] identifier. Only a single OCLC identifier is allowed. (If relevant, multiple OCLCs can be specified using {{para|id|{{tlp|OCLC|...}}}} instead.)

The identifier must be in one of these forms:
# prefix <code>ocm</code> followed by 8 digits
# prefix <code>ocn</code> followed by 9 digits
# prefix <code>on</code> followed by 10 (or more) digits
# prefix <code>(OCoLC)</code> followed by a variable number of digits without leading zeros
# 1 to 10 (or more) digits without prefix
Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|oclc}} value is correct.

If the value is correct and larger than the currently configured limit of {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|oclc}}, please report this at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that the limit can be updated.

A tip for fixing this error: Editors sometimes place valid [[ISBN]], [[LCCN]], [[ASIN]], or other identifiers in {{para|oclc}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_oclc|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_oclc_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_ol">Check |ol= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_ol_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_ol}}

The {{para|ol}} parameter is for the [[Open Library]] identifier. The identifier is one or more digits followed by a last character that is either <code>A</code> (authors), <code>M</code> (books), or <code>W</code> (works). Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|ol}} value is correct. Do not include "OL" in the value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_ol|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_ol_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_osti">Check |osti= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_osti_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_osti}}

The {{para|osti}} parameter is for the [[Office of Scientific and Technical Information]] (OSTI) identifier. OSTIs are checked to ensure that the identifier is a simple number without punctuation or spaces with a value between 1018 and {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|osti}}. Further validation is not performed.

A common error is to include the OSTI ''URL'' (<code><nowiki>https://dx.doi.org/10.2172/</nowiki>{{red|<{{var|OSTI>}}}}</code>), or the OSTI ''DOI'' (<code>10.2172/{{red|<{{var|OSTI>}}}}</code>).

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|osti}} value is correct.

If the value is correct and lower than 1018 or larger than the currently configured limit of {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|osti}}, please report this at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that the limit can be updated.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_osti|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_osti_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_paramlink">Check |<param>-link= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_paramlink_help_text" />{{help desk}}
{{plainlist}}
* {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_paramlink|$1=<code class="cs1-code"><param>-link</code>}}
* {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_paramlink|$1=<code class="cs1-code"><param></code>}}
{{endplainlist}}

These link-holding parameters and their matching title-/name-holding parameters are combined to create a working [[wikilink]] to a related article.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Parameters combined to make wikilinks
!Link-holding parameter !! title-/name-holding parameter(s)
|-
| {{para|author-link}}{{dagger}} || {{para|author}}, {{para|last}}, {{para|last}} + {{para|first}}
|-
| {{para|contributor-link}}{{dagger}} || {{para|contributor}}, {{para|contributor-last}}, {{para|contributor-last}} + {{para|contributor-first}}
|-
| {{para|editor-link}}{{dagger}} || {{para|editor}}, {{para|editor-last}}, {{para|editor-last}} + {{para|editor-first}}
|-
| {{para|episode-link}} || {{para|episode}}
|-
| {{para|interviewer-link}}{{dagger}} || {{para|interviewer}}, {{para|interviewer-last}}, {{para|interviewer-last}} + {{para|interviewer-first}}
|-
| {{para|series-link}} || {{para|series}}
|-
| {{para|subject-link}}{{dagger}} || {{para|subject}}
|-
| {{para|title-link}} || {{para|title}}
|-
| {{para|translator-link}}{{dagger}} || {{para|translator}}, {{para|translator-last}}, {{para|translator-last}} + {{para|translator-first}}
|-
|colspan="2"|{{dagger}} Parameters checked for this error may also have the enumerated forms: {{para|author-link{{var|n}}}} or {{para|author{{var|n}}-link}} etc.
|}

This error occurs when any of these {{para|<param>-link}} parameters contain a wikilink or a URL, or they contain any of the characters not permitted in Wikipedia article titles per [[WP:TITLESPECIALCHARACTERS]] (except <code>_</code> (underscore), used as a replacement for spaces, and <code>#</code>, used as a [[fragment identifier]] when linking to article sections). The prohibited characters are: <code>< > [ ] | { }</code>.

The {{para|<param>-link}} parameter value should contain only the title of a Wikipedia article or a link to a section of a Wikipedia article. [[Module:Citation/CS1]] checks the {{para|<param>-link}} parameter values for wikimarkup and for a [[URI scheme]] (<code>http://</code>, <code>https://</code>, the protocol relative scheme <code>//</code>, etc.). Interlanguage links in any of the {{para|<param>-link}} parameters require a leading colon:
: <code><nowiki>:fr:Période d'exil de Caravage</nowiki></code>
While primarily intended to catch the errors mentioned above, Module:Citation/CS1 will also catch malformed interlanguage wikilinks wherever they occur. Interlanguage wikilinks that have the form:
: <code><nowiki>[[fr:Période d'exil de Caravage]]</nowiki></code>
do not create visible clickable links in the article text. Instead, these links appear in the left pane in the languages list. Module:Citation/CS1 disables interlanguage links in this form and emits an error message. The correct form is:
: <code><nowiki>[[:fr:Période d'exil de Caravage]]</nowiki></code>

This error can also be caused when:
* there is a {{para|<param>-link}} value and the matching {{para|<param>}} parameter contains a wikilink.
* {{para|first}} and {{para|<param>-first}} (and enumerated forms) contain a wikilink

To resolve this error, do one of the following:
* Ensure that the {{para|<param>-link}} value is the full name of a Wikipedia article (without brackets) or a section of an article, and not a link to an external web site.
* Make sure that there are no wikilinks in the matching {{para|<param>}} parameters.
* If you want to link to a URL outside of Wikipedia, move the link to {{para|url}} or a similar parameter, if one is available in the template you are using.


Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_paramlink|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_paramlink_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_pmc">Check |pmc= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_pmc_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_pmc}}

The {{para|pmc}} parameter is for the [[PubMed Central]] identifier. PMCs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up. [[Module:Citation/CS1]] checks the PMC identifier to make sure that the value is a number greater than zero and less than {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|pmc}} and that the identifier contains only digits. Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|pmc}} value is correct, and that there are no letters, punctuation, or other characters. Do not include "PMC" in the value.

If the value is correct and larger than the currently configured limit of {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|pmc}}, please report this at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that the limit can be updated.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_pmc|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_pmc_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_pmid">Check |pmid= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_pmid_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_pmid}}

The {{para|pmid}} parameter is for the [[PubMed#PubMed identifier|PubMed identifier]]. PMIDs are checked to ensure that the identifier is a simple number without punctuation or spaces with a value between 1 and {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|pmid}}. Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|pmid}} value is correct. If you find something that looks like a PMID and begins with "PMC", use {{para|pmc}} instead of {{para|pmid}}.

If the value is correct and larger than the currently configured limit of {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|pmid}}, please report this at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that the limit can be updated.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_pmid|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_pmid_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_rfc">Check |rfc= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_rfc_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_rfc}}

The {{para|rfc}} parameter is for the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) [[IETF RFC|RFC]] identifier (unrelated to Wikipedia's internal RfCs). IETF RFCs are checked to ensure that the identifier is a simple number without punctuation or spaces with a value between 1 and {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|rfc}}. Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|rfc}} value is correct.

If the value is correct and larger than the currently configured limit of {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|rfc}}, please report this at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that the limit can be updated.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_rfc|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_rfc_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_sbn">Check |sbn= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_sbn_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_sbn|$1=<type>}}

{{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates that contain {{para|sbn}} are checked to ensure that the [[Standard Book Number|SBN]] is the proper length (nine digits), that the SBN uses the correct optional separators (simple space or hyphen), and that the final [[check digit]] is correct according to the SBN specification. Only one SBN is allowed in this field because the whole {{para|sbn}} value is included in the citation's [[COinS]] [[metadata]]. See also [[Wikipedia:COinS]]. More than one SBN, or characters that are not part of the SBN, corrupt the COinS metadata and may also corrupt the link to [[Special:BookSources]].

The error message <type> indicator can be:
: <span class="error" style="font-size:100%">length</span> – SBN is not 9 digits
: <span class="error" style="font-size:100%">checksum</span> – SBN has one or more incorrect digits; look for typos and transposition
: <span class="error" style="font-size:100%">invalid character</span> – SBN has one or more 'digits' that is not in the allowed set
: <span class="error" style="font-size:100%">invalid form</span> – mis-positioned 'X' check digit

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|sbn}} value is correct, that only one SBN is used, that the proper optional separators are used, and that no other text is included. If the check digit is a lowercase 'x', change it to an uppercase 'X'.

* '''Do not''' try to resolve the error by simply recalculating the check digit. The check digit is there to check whether the main part of the number is correct. If the SBN is failing to validate, it is likely that there is a typo in the main part of the number. In this case, recalculating the check digit results in an apparently valid ISBN that leads to the wrong source (or to nowhere).
* If the SBN as printed in your source is refusing to validate, '''do''' check both the front matter and the book cover for SBNs. It is not uncommon for the SBN to be misprinted in the front matter but correct on the cover.
* '''Do''' preview your edit and check that the new SBN does now link to the correct source.

In very rare cases, publishers have released books with malformed SBNs. If you are certain that a non-conforming SBN truly corresponds to the published work, then you can add [[Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup|accept-this-as-written markup]] around the identifier to suppress the error message. In many cases, books may have been reissued with a corrected SBN. Use a corrected SBN when possible.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_sbn|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_sbn_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_ssrn">Check |ssrn= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_ssrn_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_ssrn}}

The {{para|ssrn}} parameter is for the [[Social Science Research Network|Social Science Research Network identifier]]. SSRNs are checked to ensure that the identifier is a simple number without punctuation or spaces with a value between 100 and {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|ssrn}}. Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|ssrn}} value is correct.

If the value is correct and larger than the currently configured limit of {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|ssrn}}, please report this at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that the limit can be updated.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_ssrn|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_ssrn_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_s2cid">Check |s2cid= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_s2cid_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_s2cid}}

The {{para|s2cid}} parameter is for the [[Semantic Scholar]] corpus identifier. S2CIDs are checked to ensure that the identifier is a simple number without punctuation or spaces with a value between 1 and {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|s2cid}}. Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|s2cid}} value is correct.

If the value is correct and larger than the currently configured limit of {{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|id_limits_get|s2cid}}, please report this at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that the limit can be updated.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_s2cid|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_s2cid_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_url">Check |url= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_url_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{plainlist|
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_url|$1=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}url=</code>}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_url|$1=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}archive-url=</code>}}}}

External links in {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates are made from two parts: the ''title'' ({{para|title}}, {{para|chapter}}, etc.) and the ''URL'' ({{para|url}}, {{para|archive-url}}, {{para|chapter-url}}, etc.). The {{para|url}} parameter and other URL parameters must begin with a supported [[URI scheme]]. The URI schemes <code>http://</code>, <code>https://</code>, and the protocol relative scheme <code>//</code> are most commonly used; <code>irc://</code>, <code>ircs://</code>, <code>ftp://</code>, <code>news:</code>, <code>mailto:</code> and <code>gopher://</code> are also supported.

The URL scheme and host are checked to ensure that they contain only Latin characters, certain (required) punctuation, and do not contain spaces. The URL may be protocol relative (begins with <code>//</code>). If there are no spaces and the URL is not protocol relative, then the scheme must comply with <nowiki>RFC 3986</nowiki>.<ref>{{citation |mode=cs1 |contribution-url=http://tools.ietf.org/html/std66#section-3.1 |contribution=Scheme |title=Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax |publisher=[[Internet Engineering Task Force]] |date=January 2005 |rfc=3986}}</ref>

Some URL domains are written with non-Latin characters. cs1|2 does not accept those kinds of URLs so they must be '[[Internationalized domain name|internationalized]]'. Online tools are available to internationalize URLs that are written in non-Latin scripts:
* {{cite web |url=https://www.verisign.com/en_US/channel-resources/domain-registry-products/idn/idn-conversion-tool/index.xhtml?loc=en_US |title=IDN Conversion Tool |website=Verisign }} Only enter the domain in the tool and not the full url.

Top- and second-level domain names are checked for proper form. Generally, top-level domain names must be two or more letters; second-level domain names must be two or more letters, digits, or hyphens (first and last character must be a letter or digit). [[Single-letter second-level domain]]s are supported for:
* all [[Country code top-level domain|cc TLD]]s (the country code is not validated)
* the [[.org]] [[TLD]]
* certain letters of the [[.com]] TLD (q, x, z)
* certain letters of the [[.net]] TLD (i, q)
* certain other TLDs ({{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|single_ltr_2nd_lvl_domain_lister}})
Third- and subsequent-level domain names are not checked. The path portion of the URL is not checked.

There is an additional test for {{para|archive-url}}. The cs1|2 templates expect that {{para|archive-url}} will hold a unique URL for an archived snapshot of the source identified by {{para|url}} or {{para|chapter-url}} (or any of its aliases). This error message is emitted when the value assigned to {{para|archive-url}} is the same as the matching title or chapter URL.

To resolve this error, ensure that:
*{{para|url}} and other URL parameters contain valid URLs
*URLs copy-pasted from elsewhere include the URI scheme
*that the domain name uses only Latin characters

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_url|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_url_help_text" />

==<span id="bad_zbl">Check |zbl= value</span>==
<section begin="bad_zbl_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bad_zbl}}

When {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates contain {{para|zbl}}, a test is done to see if the [[Zentralblatt MATH|Zbl]] identifier value looks like a properly defined value. The {{para|zbl}} identifier is checked to make sure that it has the form: <code>nnnn.nnnnn</code> where <code>n</code> is any digit 0–9. Up to three leading zeros in the first quartet may be omitted. Further validation of the Zbl identifier is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the {{para|zbl}} value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bad_zbl|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bad_zbl_help_text" />

==<span id="param_unknown_empty">Cite has empty unknown parameter: <param></span>==
<section begin="param_unknown_empty_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{plainlist|
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_param_unknown_empty|$1=_|$2=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param>=</code>}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_param_unknown_empty|$1=s|$2=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param1>=</code>, <code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param2>=</code>, ...}}}}

This error message highlights CS1|2 templates that hold empty parameters with names that are not known to a given CS1|2 template. This error message is a companion to [[Help:CS1 errors#parameter_ignored|Unknown parameter {{pipe}}xxxx= ignored]].

Empty positional parameters, which typically look like two adjacent pipes in a template, <code><nowiki>| |</nowiki></code>, or a pipe and then the end of the template, <code><nowiki>|}}</nowiki></code>, are identified as numbered parameters: {{error-small|{{para|1|plain=yes}}}}. Similarly, a pipe followed by an HTML comment that encloses everything before the next pipe or closing brace, <code>|  |</code> will be identified as an empty numbered parameter. Parameters that have both a pipe and an equal sign but do not have a name are identified as empty-string parameters: <code>|=</code> or <code>| =</code> → {{error-small|{{para|(empty string)|plain=yes}}}}. Various templates that wrap CS1|2 templates may cause this error when they use constructs like this: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>|{{#if:{{{2|}}}|title}}={{{2|}}}</syntaxhighlight>. When <code><nowiki>{{{2|}}}</nowiki></code> does not have a value, the template creates <code>|=</code>.

To resolve this error:
* remove the extra pipe,
* correct the parameter name,
* remove the parameter from the CS1|2 template, or
* change the citation to use a more appropriate template (e.g. change {{tl|Cite document}} to {{tl|Cite web}})

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_param_unknown_empty|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="param_unknown_empty_help_text" />

==<span id="missing_publisher"></span>Cite document requires |publisher===
<section begin="missing_publisher_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_missing_publisher|$1=document|$2=publisher}}

This error message is displayed when {{tlx|Cite document}} does not have {{para|publisher}}. Usually, there is a more appropriate template that can be used in place of {{tld|cite document}}. When {{tld|cite document}} is used, it accepts a limited subset of the cs1|2 parameter suite but requires {{para|publisher}}.

To resolve this error, use a more appropriate template (preferred solution) or provide {{para|publisher}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_missing_publisher|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="missing_publisher_help_text" />

==<span id="missing_periodical"></span>Cite <template> requires |<param>===
<section begin="missing_periodical_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_missing_periodical|$1=<template>|$2=<param>}}

These CS1 periodical templates require a periodical parameter. The periodical templates are:
: {{tlx|cite journal}}
:{{tlx|cite magazine}}
The error message suggests a periodical parameter that matches the template, but there is no requirement to use the suggested parameter; any one of these periodical parameters may be used:
* {{para|journal}}
* {{para|magazine}}
* {{para|newspaper}}
* {{para|periodical}}
* {{para|website}}
* {{para|work}}

In some cases, an incorrect template has been used (e.g. {{tlx|cite journal}} for a web page, book, or standalone document). The appropriate resolution in these cases is to change the incorrect template to {{tlx|cite web}}, {{tlx|cite book}}, {{tlx|cite document}}, or a different, more appropriate template.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_missing_periodical|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="missing_periodical_help_text" />

==<span id="deprecated_params"></span>Cite uses deprecated parameter |<param>= ==
<section begin="deprecated_params_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_deprecated_params|$1=<param>}}

Over time, some parameters have become obsolete or unnecessary. When this happens, the parameters are identified as deprecated. Editors are encouraged to use other parameters that accomplish the same purpose as those that have been deprecated. The CS1|2 deprecated parameters are listed in the following table, along with recommended replacement parameters. Parameter names are case-sensitive. Editors should expect that support for deprecated parameters will soon be withdrawn.

To resolve this error, use a supported parameter.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_deprecated_params|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section begin="deprecated_params_table" />
{|class="wikitable"
|+ Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters
! style="width: 12em;" | Deprecated parameter
! Replace with
! style="width: 6em;" | Date
|-
| none deprecated at present || ||
|}<section end="deprecated_params_table" /><section end="deprecated_params_help_text" /><section begin="deleted_params_table" />

{|class="wikitable"
|+ Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters
! style="width: 12em;" | Removed parameter !! Replace with !! style="width: 6em;" | Date !! Note

|-
| {{para|authors}}
| {{para|last{{var|n}}}} / {{para|first{{var|n}}}}, {{para|author{{var|n}}}}, {{para|vauthors}}
| August 2024
|
|}<section end="deleted_params_table" />

==<span id="generic_name">Cite uses generic name</span>==
<section begin="generic_name_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_generic_name|$1=<param>}}

Articles are listed in this category when [[Module:Citation/CS1]] identifies template author or editor name parameters that use place-holder names. Such names may have been provided by bots or other tools that are unable to identify the source's correct names. Pages in this category should only be added by Module:Citation/CS1.

CS1|2 maintains a short list of 'names' that are typically not the correct names for the cited source. Some examples are:

{{div col begin |colwidth=15em}}
*<code>about us</code>
*<code>author</code>
*<code>collaborator</code>
*<code>contributor</code>
*<code>contact us</code>
*<code>directory</code>
*<code>editor</code>
*<code>email</code>
*<code>facebook</code>
*<code>google</code>
*<code>home page</code>
*<code>instagram</code>
*<code>interviewer</code>
*<code>linkedIn</code>
*<code>pinterest</code>
*<code>policy</code>
*<code>privacy</code>
*<code>site name</code>
*<code>statement</code>
*<code>submitted</code>
*<code>super user</code>
*<code>translator</code>
*<code>tumblr</code>
*<code>twitter</code>
*<code>user</code>
*<code>verfasser</code>
{{div col end}}

If you are aware of other common place-holder names, please report them at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that they can be added to the list.

To resolve this error, replace the place-holder name with the source's actual author or editor name, or use a more appropriate parameter.

Example fixes:

* Replace {{para|author|Smith, Jane, editor}} with {{para|editor|Smith, Jane}}

False positives are possible. When the name is valid, wrap the parameter value in the [[Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup|accept-this-as-written markup]]:

:{{para|author|((Super User))}}

Please do not use this markup when it is not appropriate.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_generic_name|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" />

See also the error category [[:Category:CS1 errors: generic title]].<section end="generic_name_help_text" />

==<span id="generic_title">Cite uses generic title</span>==
<section begin="generic_title_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_generic_title}}

Articles are listed in this category when [[Module:Citation/CS1]] identifies template {{para|title}} parameters that use place-holder titles. Such titles may have been provided by bots or other tools that are unable to identify the source's correct title. Pages in this category should only be added by Module:Citation/CS1.

CS1|2 maintains a short list of 'titles' that are typically not the title of the cited source. Some examples are:
{{div col begin |colwidth=15em}}
*<code>404</code>
*<code>are you a robot</code>
*<code>hugedomains.com</code>
*<code>internet archive wayback machine</code>
*<code>log into facebook</code>
*<code>login • instagram</code>
*<code>no title</code> – various forms
*<code>page not found</code>
*<code>redirecting...</code>
*<code>subscribe to read</code>
*<code>unknown</code> – various forms
*<code>usurped title</code>
*<code>wayback machine</code>
*<code>webcite query result</code>
*<code>website is for sale</code>
*<code>wikiwix's cache</code>
{{div col end}}
If you are aware of other common place-holder titles, please report them at [[Help talk:Citation Style 1]], so that they can be added to the list.

To resolve this error, replace the place-holder title with the source's actual title.

False positives are possible. When the name is valid, wrap the parameter value in the [[Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup|accept-this-as-written markup]]:
:{{para|title|((404th Fighter Aviation Regiment))}}
Please do not use this markup when it is not appropriate.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_generic_title|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" />

See also the maintenance category [[:Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] and the similar error category [[:Category:CS1 errors: generic name]].<section end="generic_title_help_text" />

==<span id="citeseerx_missing">|citeseerx= required</span>==
<section begin="citeseerx_missing_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_citeseerx_missing}}

{{tlx|cite citeseerx}} requires the identifier parameter {{para|citeseerx}}.

To resolve this error, ensure that the template has {{para|citeseerx}} with a properly constructed value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_citeseerx_missing|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="citeseerx_missing_help_text" />

==<span id="class_ignored">|class= ignored</span>==
<section begin="class_ignored_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_class_ignored}}

Only used in {{tlx|cite arXiv}} templates, {{para|class}} is only appropriate when the template uses {{para|arxiv|YYMM.NNNN}} or {{para|arxiv|YYMM.NNNNN}} identifier formats; see [[Template:Cite arXiv#Usage|Cite arXiv §Usage]].

To resolve this error, remove {{para|class}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_class_ignored|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="class_ignored_help_text" />

==<span id="contributor_ignored">|contributor= ignored</span>==
<section begin="contributor_ignored_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_contributor_ignored}}

Only used in book citations, {{para|contributor}} identifies the author of a contribution, typically an afterword, foreword, introduction, preface, etc., to another (primary) author's work. This error occurs when {{para|contributor}} is used in a template that is not {{tlx|cite book}} or {{tlx|citation}} or is one of these two templates and one of the {{para|work}} parameter aliases is set.

To resolve this error, consider the {{para|others}} parameter, choose a more appropriate CS1 or CS2 template or remove {{para|contributor}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_contributor_ignored|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="contributor_ignored_help_text" />

==<span id="contributor_missing_required_param">|contributor= requires |<param>= </span>==
<section begin="contributor_missing_required_param_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{plainlist|
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_contributor_missing_required_param|$1=author}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_contributor_missing_required_param|$1=contribution}}}}

Only used in book citations, {{para|contributor}} identifies the author of a contribution, typically an afterword, foreword, introduction, preface, etc., to another (primary) author's work. As such, the primary author is required ({{para|author}} or appropriate alias) as is the title of the contribution ({{para|contribution}}).

To resolve this error, include the book's primary author in {{para|author1}}, or {{para|last1}}, {{para|first1}}, or {{para|vauthors}} and include the contribution title in {{para|contribution}}; or consider the {{para|others}} parameter or remove {{para|contributor}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_contributor_missing_required_param|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="contributor_missing_required_param_help_text" />

==<span id="doibroken_missing_doi">|doi-broken-date= requires |doi=</span>==
<section begin="doibroken_missing_doi_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_doibroken_missing_doi|$1=doi-broken-date}}

When {{para|doi-broken-date}} is used in a CS1|2 template, {{para|doi}} (with value) must also be present.

To resolve this error, either add the missing DOI or remove the 'broken' parameter.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_doibroken_missing_doi|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="doibroken_missing_doi_help_text" />

==<span id="extra_text_edition">|edition= has extra text </span>==
<section begin="extra_text_edition_help_text" />{{help desk}}
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_extra_text_edition}}

The templates are responsible for static text rendered in the citation. When {{para|edition}} is used in a template, cs1|2 adds the abbreviation 'ed.' to the value in the parameter so:
:{{para|edition|1st}}
renders as:
:1st ed.
The templates emit this error message when various forms of <code>ed</code>, <code>edn</code>, or <code>edition</code> are found in the value assigned to {{para|edition}}.

To resolve this error, remove the extraneous text from the parameter value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_extra_text_edition|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="extra_text_edition_help_text" />

==<span id="empty_citation">Empty citation</span>==
<section begin="empty_citation_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_empty_citation}}

A {{cs1}} or {{cs2}} template marked as "Empty" contains no recognizable parameter identifiers. For example, this citation is marked as "empty" even though it contains usable information:
:<code><nowiki>{{cite web |http://www.foobar.com |The Foobar News}}</nowiki></code>
The citation is "empty" because it does not contain the necessary parameter identifiers (in this case {{para|url}} and {{para|title}}) that tell {{tlx|cite web}} how to use the information that the citation contains.

A citation is also marked as "empty" when it contains only parameters that it doesn't recognize:
: <code><nowiki>{{cite book |titolo=The Bazquux Uprising |anno=2015}}</nowiki></code>
This citation is "empty" because the Italian-language parameters {{para|titolo}} and {{para|anno}} are not recognized as valid parameter names on the English Wikipedia.

"Empty citation" may also mean that an editor meant to use another template entirely. Perhaps the editor used {{tlx|citation}} when the intent was to use {{tlx|citation needed}} or {{tlx|quote}}.

To resolve this error, add appropriate parameter identifiers, translate foreign language parameter names to their English equivalents, or replace the CS1/CS2 template with a more appropriate template.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_empty_citation|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="empty_citation_help_text" />

== <span id="explicit_et_al">Explicit use of et al.</span> ==
<section begin="explicit_etal_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_etal|$1=<param>}}

This error occurs where a {{cs1}} or {{cs2}} template detects that one of the names parameters contains some form of "et al." either as a separate name parameter ({{para|author6|et al.}}) or as a suffix added to a name list ({{para|author|Smith, A.B. et al.}}) or first name ({{para|first|John, et al.}}).

This error can occur in any of the author, editor, interviewer, translator, or contributor parameters.

Use the {{para|display-authors}} parameter instead (or other applicable {{para|display-<{{var|names}}>}} parameter), as documented at [[Help:Citation Style 1#Display options]].

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_etal|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="explicit_etal_help_text" />

==<span id="param_has_ext_link">External link in |<param>=</span>==
<section begin="param_has_ext_link_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_param_has_ext_link|$1={{pipe}}<param>=}}

This error occurs when a URL is found in any parameter that is not one of these URL-holding parameters:
{{div col begin}}
*{{para|archive-url}}
*{{para|article-url}}
*{{para|chapter-url}}
*{{para|conference-url}}
*{{para|contribution-url}}
*{{para|entry-url}}
*{{para|map-url}}
*{{para|section-url}}
*{{para|transcript-url}}
*{{para|url}}
{{div col end}}
or any of these insource locator parameters:
{{div col begin}}
*{{para|page}}
*{{para|p}}
*{{para|pages}}
*{{para|pp}}
*{{para|at}}
*{{para|quote-page}}
*{{para|quote-pages}}
{{div col end}}
To resolve this error, remove the external link from the identified parameter. Consider placing the external link in a more appropriate parameter:
* for {{para|chapter}}, the URL may belong in {{para|chapter-url}}.
* for other parameters, it may belong in {{para|url}}.

Wrapping the parameter value in double parentheses (i.e. "accept as written" markup) does not work around this error message.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_param_has_ext_link|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="param_has_ext_link_help_text" />

==<span id="first_missing_last">|<first>''n''= missing |<last>''n''=</span>==
<section begin="first_missing_last_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_first_missing_last|$1=<first>{{var|n}}|$2=<last>{{var|n}}}}

{{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates requires a {{para|<last>''n''}} parameter for each {{para|<first>''n''}} parameter in a citation. Author, contributor, editor, interviewer, and translator lists are checked for proper last/first pairing. CS1|2 will emit this error message for the first mismatch it detects. If there are more last/first mismatches in a citation, subsequent mismatches are not detected.

There is no requirement that each {{para|<last>''n''}} have a matching {{para|<first>''n''}}.

To resolve this error, ensure that each {{para|<first>''n''}} has a corresponding {{para|<last>''n''}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_first_missing_last|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="first_missing_last_help_text" />

==<span id="format_missing_url">|format= requires |url= </span>==
<section begin="format_missing_url_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{plainlist|
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_format_missing_url|$1=format|$2=url}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_format_missing_url|$1=...-format|$2=...-url}}}}

These errors occur when {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates use {{para|format}} or {{para|...-format}} without also providing a corresponding URL for {{para|url}} or {{para|...-url}}, respectively. The {{para|format}} and {{para|...-format}} parameters are used to specify the file format of a web resource, such as [[PDF]], [[Doc (computing)|DOC]], or [[Microsoft Excel file format|XLS]]. In some cases an editor may have intended to use {{para|type}} to specify a kind of document, such as hard cover, paperback, or pamphlet. The {{para|format}} and {{para|...-format}} value is always displayed.

The list of {{para|...-format}} parameters is:
: {{para|archive-format}}, {{para|article-format}}, {{para|chapter-format}}, {{para|conference-format}}, {{para|contribution-format}}, {{para|entry-format}}, {{para|event-format}}, {{para|map-format}}, {{para|section-format}}, {{para|transcript-format}}

(Citations that relied on the pre-2014, somewhat odd use of {{para|url}} and {{para|format}} may need adjustment in regard to {{para|chapter-format}}.)

To resolve this error, remove {{para|format}} or {{para|chapter-format}}; define {{para|url}} or {{para|chapter-url}}; or change {{para|format}} to {{para|type}} (or to {{para|chapter-format}} if {{para|chapter-url}} is used without {{para|url}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_format_missing_url|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="format_missing_url_help_text" />

==<span id="disp_name">Invalid |display-<names>=<value></span>==
<section begin="disp_name_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_disp_name|$1=<names>|$2=<value>}}

These error messages are emitted when [[Module:Citation/CS1]] identifies citations that use one or more of the {{para|display-<names>}} parameters with an invalid assigned <code><value></code>. An invalid assigned <code><value></code> is a number that is greater than or equal to the number of <code><names></code> in the associated name-list or it is non-numeric text that Module:Citation/CS1 cannot recognize as a form of the keyword <code>etal</code>.

To resolve this error, do one of the following:
* Remove the {{para|display-<names>}} parameter from the citation (typically because "et al." is not appropriate in the citation)
* Change the <code><value></code> of the {{para|display-<names>}} parameter such that it is less than the number of <code><names></code> in the name-list (thereby truncating the displayed list to the number)
* Change the <code><value></code> of the {{para|display-<names>}} parameter to <code>etal</code>, which will cause "et al" to display after the last <code><name></code>.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_disp_name|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="disp_name_help_text" />

==<span id="invalid_param_val">Invalid <param>=<value></span>==
<section begin="invalid_param_val_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_invalid_param_val|$1=<param>|$2=<value>}}

To function properly, some parameters are limited to a certain set of acceptable values. This error message indicates that a parameter has been assigned a value that is not a member of the parameter's defined set of acceptable values.

Letters in values must all be in lower case, as shown below.
{|class="wikitable"
|+ Parameters with limited acceptable values
|-
! Parameter !! Acceptable values
|-
| {{para|df}} ||<code>dmy</code>, <code>dmy-all</code>, <code>mdy</code>, <code>mdy-all</code>, <code>ymd</code>, <code>ymd-all</code>
|-
| {{para|mode}}||<code>cs1</code>, <code>cs2</code>
|-
| {{para|name-list-style}} || <code>amp</code>, <code>ampersand</code>, <code>and</code>, <code>&</code>, <code>serial</code>, <code>vanc</code>
|-
| {{para|no-pp}}||rowspan=2|<code>true</code>, <code>y</code>, <code>yes</code>
|-
| {{para|no-tracking}}
|-
| {{para|bibcode-access}}||rowspan=8|<code>free</code>
|-
| {{para|doi-access}}
|-
| {{para|hdl-access}}
|-
| {{para|jstor-access}}
|-
| {{para|ol-access}}
|-
| {{para|osti-access}}
|-
| {{para|ssrn-access}}
|-
| {{para|s2cid-access}}
|-
| {{para|url-access}}||rowspan=7|<code>subscription</code>, <code>registration</code>, <code>limited</code>
|-
| {{para|article-url-access}}
|-
| {{para|chapter-url-access}}
|-
| {{para|contribution-url-access}}
|-
| {{para|entry-url-access}}
|-
| {{para|map-url-access}}
|-
| {{para|section-url-access}}
|-
| {{para|url-status}}||<code>dead</code>, <code>live</code>, <code>deviated</code>, <code>unfit</code>, <code>usurped</code>
|}

To resolve this error for the parameters in the table, use an appropriate value.

Support for {{para|ref|harv}} is withdrawn because cs1|2 templates now automatically create the <code>CITEREF</code> anchor value that {{para|ref|harv}} controlled. To resolve this error, remove {{para|ref|harv}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_invalid_param_val|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="invalid_param_val_help_text" />

==<span id="script_parameter">Invalid |script-<param>=: <type></span>==
<section begin="script_parameter_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_script_parameter|$1=script-<param>|$2=<type>}}

The various {{para|script-<{{var|param}}>}} parameters are checked for proper form. When an error is detected, the error message briefly identifies the type of the error:
: <span class="error" style="font-size:100%">missing title part</span> – the {{para|script-<{{var|param}}>}} parameter has a language-code prefix but is otherwise empty
: <span class="error" style="font-size:100%">missing prefix</span> – the {{para|script-<{{var|param}}>}} parameter has text but is missing the required language-code prefix; the prefix has the form <code>xx:</code> or <code>xxx:</code> where <code>xx</code> or <code>xxx</code> is a valid [[ISO 639-1]] or [[ISO 639-3]] language code known to CS1|2 as a language that uses a non-Latin script; the colon (<code>:</code>) is required
: <span class="error" style="font-size:100%">unknown language code</span> – the {{para|script-<{{var|param}}>}} parameter has a (possibly valid) language code that CS1|2 does not recognize as a language using a non-Latin script
Language codes known to CS1|2 for languages that do not use a Latin script are:
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|script_lang_lister}}

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_script_parameter|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="script_parameter_help_text" />

==<span id="invalid_isbn_date">ISBN / Date incompatibility</span>==
<section begin="invalid_isbn_date_help_text" />{{help desk}}
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_invalid_isbn_date}} – this error message hidden by default

[[ISBN]]s were created c. 1965. Books published before that date will not have been issued an ISBN. However, reissues of pre-ISBN publications <em>are</em> issued ISBNs, even barring the publication of a new edition. Consider double-checking whether the ISBN is valid before removing it.

To resolve this error:
* Remove the ISBN when citing a source published before 1965.
** If the cited edition or reissue of the book was published after 1965, ensure that {{para|date}} or {{para|year}} has the correct publication year. The reissue date is typically available by querying [[WorldCat]] with the reissue's ISBN. Adding {{para|orig-date}} may be appropriate in such cases; e.g., {{para|orig-date|1st Pub. 1929}}.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_invalid_isbn_date|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="invalid_isbn_date_help_text" />

==<span id="extra_text_issue">|issue=/|number= has extra text</span>==
<section begin="extra_text_issue_help_text" />{{help desk}}
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_extra_text_issue|$1=issue}}<br/>
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_extra_text_issue|$1=number}}

The templates are responsible for static text rendered in the citation. When {{para|issue}} or {{para|number}} is used in a template, cs1|2 formats the issue number according to the style corresponding with the publication type associated with the used citation template.

The templates emit this error message when various forms of issue or number prefixes (like <code>Iss.</code> or <code>No.</code>) are found in the value assigned to {{para|issue}} or {{para|number}}.

To resolve this error, remove the extraneous text from the parameter value. If the extraneous text removed is related to issues, please use the {{para|issue}} parameter rather than {{para|number}} for this, and vice versa. At present, the output is the same for both parameters, but this may not hold true in future versions, therefore it is important that issues and number values are used with the proper parameter as per what nomenclature is used in the actual publication.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_extra_text_issue|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="extra_text_issue_help_text" />

==<span id="apostrophe_markup">Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |<param>=</span>==
<section begin="apostrophe_markup_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_apostrophe_markup|$1=<param>{{var|n}}}}

Italic (<code><nowiki>''</nowiki></code>) or bold (<code><nowiki>'''</nowiki></code>) wikimarkup is not allowed in publisher and periodical parameters. These parameters include:
* {{para|publisher}}
* {{para|journal}}
* {{para|magazine}}
* {{para|newspaper}}
* {{para|periodical}}
* {{para|website}}
* {{para|work}}
To resolve this error, remove wiki markup from the named parameter's value and ensure that the template is using the correct parameters; when citing a newspaper, use {{para|newspaper}} for the newspaper's name, not {{para|publisher}}, etc.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_apostrophe_markup|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="apostrophe_markup_help_text" />

==<span id="medrxiv_missing">|medrxiv= required</span>==
<section begin="medrxiv_missing_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_medrxiv_missing}}

{{tlx|cite medRxiv}} requires the identifier parameter {{para|medrxiv}}.

To resolve this error, ensure that the template has {{para|medrxiv}} with a properly constructed value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_medrxiv_missing|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="medrxiv_missing_help_text" />

==<span id="missing_name">Missing |<name>''n''=</span>==
<section begin="missing_name_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_missing_name|$1=<name>|$2={{var|n}}}}

So that all names are listed in a rendered citation, {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates require ''n'' in {{para|<last>{{var|n}}}} (and its aliases) to increment by 1 for each name in the list (author, contributor, editor, interviewer, translator). This error message is emitted when there is a 'hole' in the numbering (an author list made up of {{para|author1}} and {{para|author3}} but without {{para|author2}} for example).

The test will not detect a 'hole' that is larger than 1. It is presumed that when {{para|author{{var|n}}}} and {{para|author{{var|n+1}}}} are both not present, then the test has reached the end of the list.

To resolve this error, ensure that the numbering of the {{para|<last>{{var|n}}}} parameters increments properly.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_missing_name|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="missing_name_help_text" />

==<span id="missing_title">Missing or empty |title= </span>==
There are two slightly different error conditions that can arise when [[Help:Citation Style 1|CS1 citations]] lack appropriate titles. In each case, CS1 reports this error message. The necessary resolution may vary depending on the cause of the error. The error message links to the appropriate description below.

===<span id="bare_url_missing_title">Bare URL without a title</span>===
<section begin="bare_url_missing_title_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_bare_url_missing_title|$1=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param>=</code>}}

All {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates report this error when one of the [[URL]]-containing parameters cannot be paired with an associated title. This error may also occur when {{para|title}} cannot be linked with {{para|url}} because the citation also contains a conflicting {{para|title-link}} parameter.

{|class="wikitable"
|+ URL-containing parameters and associated title parameters
|-
! URL parameters
! Title parameters
|-
| {{para|archive-url}}
| {{para|title}}
|-
| {{para|article-url}}
| {{para|article}}, {{para|chapter}}, {{para|contribution}}, {{para|entry}}, {{para|section}}
|-
| {{para|chapter-url}}
| {{para|chapter}}, {{para|article}}, {{para|contribution}}, {{para|entry}}, {{para|section}}
|-
| {{para|conference-url}}
| {{para|conference}}, {{para|event}}
|-
| {{para|contribution-url}}
| {{para|contribution}}, {{para|chapter}}, {{para|article}}, {{para|entry}}, {{para|section}}
|-
| {{para|entry-url}}
| {{para|entry}}, {{para|chapter}}, {{para|article}}, {{para|contribution}}, {{para|section}}
|-
| {{para|event-url}}
| {{para|event}}, {{para|conference}}

|-
| {{para|map-url}}
| {{para|map}}
|-
| {{para|section-url}}
| {{para|section}}, {{para|chapter}}, {{para|article}}, {{para|contribution}}, {{para|entry}}
|-
| {{para|transcript-url}}
| {{para|transcript}}
|-
| {{para|url}}
| {{para|title}}
|}

A unique case exists for {{tl|cite journal}}: if {{para|pmc}} or {{para|doi}} has a value, {{para|url}} is omitted or empty, and {{para|title-link}} does not point to an article, then {{para|title}} is automatically linked with the same URL as the PMC or DOI. This default behaviour can be overridden using {{para|title-link|none/pmc/doi}}.

Because URLs are ugly and generally uninformative, it is expected that editors should provide a meaningful title for each URL. In most cases this can be accomplished by using the {{para|title}} parameter.

To resolve this error, provide an appropriate title for the URL-containing parameter. In the case where {{para|url}} and {{para|title-link}} are contending for {{para|title}} you must choose which one to keep. Consider moving {{para|url}} or {{para|title-link}} to a more suitable parameter.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_bare_url_missing_title|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="bare_url_missing_title_help_text" />

===<span id="citation_missing_title">Citation without a title of any form</span>===
<section begin="citation_missing_title_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{plainlist|
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_citation_missing_title|$1=title}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_citation_missing_title|$1=series}}}}

This error occurs for {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates when all of {{para|title}}, {{para|trans-title}}, and {{para|script-title}} are omitted or left blank. At least one of these title parameters must be provided for each citation.

{{tlx|cite episode}} will show this error if {{para|series}} is omitted or left blank (even if a {{para|title}} is provided).

{{tlx|cite encyclopedia}} will show this error if {{para|encyclopedia}} has a value but {{para|entry}} (or another {{para|chapter}} alias) is omitted or left blank.

Sometimes this error occurs because an editor has used a CS1|2 citation as a [[Help:Shortened footnotes|shortened footnote]] when {{tlx|sfn}} or one of the {{tlx|harv}} family of templates would have been more appropriate. This error also occurs when an editor used {{tlx|citation}} but intended to use {{tlx|citation needed}}.

To resolve this error, provide a value for {{para|title}}, {{para|trans-title}}, and/or {{para|script-title}} or replace the CS1|2 template with a more appropriate template. If you are listing a periodical or an issue of a periodical in a bibliography rather than within {{tag|ref}} tags, {{tlx|List journal}} may be more appropriate.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_citation_missing_title|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="citation_missing_title_help_text" />

==<span id="cite_web_url">Missing or empty |url= </span>==
<section begin="cite_web_url_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_cite_web_url}}

This error message is reported by {{tlx|cite web}}, {{tlx|cite podcast}}, and {{tlx|cite mailing list}} when the template parameters {{para|url}} and {{para|archive-url}} are both missing, blank or not properly entered. Note that {{para|website}} or {{para|work}} is the name of the site, not the URL.

To resolve this error, provide a value for {{para|url}} or use a more appropriate template such as {{tl|cite book}}, {{tl|cite journal}} or other {{cs1}} or {{cs2}} template.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_cite_web_url|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="cite_web_url_help_text" />

==<span id="missing_pipe">Missing pipe</span>==
<section begin="missing_pipe_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_missing_pipe|$1=<param>}}

{{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates report this error when one parameter has text that looks like it is a parameter missing a pipe (<code>|</code>). This error occurs when a template parameter value contains characters and digits followed by an equal sign. If the alphanumeric text immediately preceding the equal sign is a valid CS1|2 parameter name, the module assumes that the template is missing a pipe and emits this error message.

Some legitimate titles will contain a CS1|2 parameter name followed by an equal sign. In that case, enclose the equal sign in nowiki tags, like this: {{tag|nowiki|content={{=}}}}. For most other cases, simply add the missing pipe.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_missing_pipe|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="missing_pipe_help_text" />

==<span id="redundant_parameters">More than one of |<param1>=, |<param2>=, and |<param3>= specified</span>==
<section begin="redundant_parameters_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_redundant_parameters|$1=<code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param1>=</code>, <code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param2>=</code>, and <code class="cs1-code">{{pipe}}<param3>=</code>}}

This error occurs when a {{cs1}} or {{cs2}} template includes more than one parameter that maps to the same meaning. For example, {{para|author}}, {{para|last}}, and {{para|last1}} are all synonyms of each other, so no more than one of these parameters should ever be used in a single template.

To resolve this error, remove or modify the redundant parameter(s).

{{plainlist|
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_redundant_parameters|$1=author-name-list parameters}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_redundant_parameters|$1=editor-name-list parameters}}}}

This error occurs when a CS1 or CS2 template uses more than one type of author or editor name-list style. There are three kinds of incompatible author-name-list styles:
: {{para|author''n''}} and {{para|last''n''}} / {{para|first''n''}} (and their various aliases), {{para|vauthors}}, and {{para|authors}}
and similarly, three editor-name-list styles:
: {{para|editor''n''}} and {{para|editor-last''n''}} / {{para|editor-first''n''}} (and their various aliases) as well as {{para|veditors}}

To resolve this error, choose one name-list-style. Use the chosen style for both of the author and editor name-lists.

Pages with these errors are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_redundant_parameters|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="redundant_parameters_help_text" />

==<span id="extra_text_pages">|page(s)= has extra text</span>==
<section begin="extra_text_pages_help_text" />{{help desk}}
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_extra_text_pages|$1=<param>}}

The templates are responsible for static text rendered in the citation. When {{para|page}}/{{para|p}}, {{para|pages}}/{{para|pp}}, {{para|quote-page}} or {{para|quote-pages}} is used in a template, cs1|2 inserts the appropriate pagination prefix 'p.' or 'pp.' ahead of the value in the parameter so:
:{{para|page|123}}
renders as:
:p. 123
and:
:{{para|page|123–125}}
renders as:
:pp. 123–125
The templates emit this error message when various forms of <code>p</code>, <code>pp</code>, <code>pg</code>, <code>pgs</code>, <code>page</code>, or <code>pages</code> are found in the value assigned to {{para|page}}/{{para|p}}, {{para|pages}}/{{para|pp}}, {{para|quote-page}} or {{para|quote-pages}}.

To resolve this error, remove the extraneous text from the parameter value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_extra_text_pages|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="extra_text_pages_help_text" />

==<span id="param_access_requires_param">|<param>-access= requires |<param>=</span>==
<section begin="param_access_requires_param_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_param_access_requires_param|$1=<param>|$2=<param>}}

This error is reported when an [[Help:Citation Style 1#Registration or subscription required|access level]] has been specified for some external link, but the corresponding required parameter is missing or empty.
The parameter can be one of
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Access-level specifier required parameter
|-
! Specifier !! Required parameter
|-
| {{para|article-url-access}} || {{para|article-url}}
|-
| {{para|bibcode-access}} || {{para|bibcode}}
|-
| {{para|chapter-url-access}} || {{para|chapter-url}}
|-
| {{para|contribution-url-access}} || {{para|contribution-url}}
|-
| {{para|doi-access}} || {{para|doi}}
|-
| {{para|entry-url-access}} || {{para|entry-url}}
|-
| {{para|hdl-access}} || {{para|hdl}}
|-
| {{para|jstor-access}} || {{para|jstor}}
|-
| {{para|map-url-access}} || {{para|map-url}}
|-
| {{para|ol-access}} || {{para|ol}}
|-
| {{para|osti-access}} || {{para|osti}}
|-
| {{para|section-url-access}} || {{para|section-url}}
|-
| {{para|s2cid-access}} || {{para|s2cid}}
|-
| {{para|url-access}} || {{para|url}}
|}

To resolve this error, either provide a value for the parameter, or remove the access level specification.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_param_access_requires_param|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="param_access_requires_param_help_text" />

==<span id="numeric_names">|<param>= has numeric name</span>==
<section begin="numeric_names_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_numeric_names|$1=<param>}}

This error is reported when a name-list parameter {{para|author{{var|n}}}}, {{para|contributor{{var|n}}}}, {{para|editor{{var|n}}}}, {{para|interviewer{{var|n}}}}, {{para|translator{{var|n}}}} (including aliases) has an assigned value that is composed solely of digits and / or punctuation. Errors of this type are often the result of automated or semi-automated edits where the source metadata is misplaced or improperly translated.

To resolve this error, make sure that the value assigned to the name-list parameter is a name and only a name.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_numeric_names|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="numeric_names_help_text" />

==<span id="periodical_ignored">|<periodical>= ignored</span>==
<section begin="periodical_ignored_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_periodical_ignored|$1=periodical}}

{{cs1}} templates {{tlx|cite book}} and {{tlx|cite encyclopedia}} do not support {{para|periodical}} (and aliases {{para|journal}}, {{para|magazine}}, {{para|newspaper}}, {{para|website}}, {{para|work}}) and associated {{para|script-periodical}} and {{para|trans-periodical}} (and their aliases).

To resolve this error:

* use a more appropriate citation template, or
* most common: change {{para|title}} to {{para|chapter}} (or appropriate alias) and then change {{para|periodical}} to {{para|title}}, or
* change {{para|work}} to {{para|series}} if {{para|title}} is the actual title of the book and {{para|work}} contains the name of a book series, or
* change {{para|work}} to another appropriate parameter (it has been used to hold values for {{para|publisher}}, {{para|editor}}, {{para|via}}, and more), or
* move the content of the {{para|periodical}} parameter out of the template, before the closing <nowiki></ref></nowiki>, or
* delete the {{para|periodical}} parameter

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_periodical_ignored|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="periodical_ignored_help_text" />

==<span id="embargo_missing_pmc">|pmc-embargo-date= requires |pmc=</span>==
<section begin="embargo_missing_pmc_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_embargo_missing_pmc|$1=pmc-embargo-date}}

When {{para|pmc-embargo-date}} is used in a CS1|2 template, {{para|pmc}} (with value) must also be present.

To resolve this error, either add the missing PMC or remove the 'broken' parameter.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_embargo_missing_pmc|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="embargo_missing_pmc_help_text" />

==<span id="ssrn_missing">|ssrn= required</span>==
<section begin="ssrn_missing_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_ssrn_missing}}

{{tlx|cite SSRN}} requires the identifier parameter {{para|ssrn}}.

To resolve this error, ensure that the template has {{para|ssrn}} with a properly constructed value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_ssrn_missing|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="ssrn_missing_help_text" />

==<span id="text_ignored">Text "????" ignored</span>==
<section begin="text_ignored_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_text_ignored|$1=????}}

Unlike many Wikipedia templates, the {{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates do not use unnamed or positional parameters. When a citation contains text between [[vertical bar]]s and that text does not contain an equal sign (=), CS1|2 ignores the text and reports the error. This is true even when the text is the name of a valid parameter.

This error can also be caused by vertical bars (pipe characters) that are part of URLs or titles. When vertical bars occur in URLs, replace each vertical bar with <code>%7C</code>. When vertical bars occur in parameter values that are not URLs, replace each vertical bar with <code>&#124;</code> or <code>{{tl|!}}</code>.

To resolve this error, remove the extraneous text, add '=', add an appropriate parameter name from the template you're using to complete the parameter, or properly encode vertical bars in URLs and titles.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_text_ignored|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="text_ignored_help_text" />

==<span id="trans_missing_title">|trans-<param>= requires |<param>= or |script-<param>=</span>==
<section begin="trans_missing_title_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_trans_missing_title|$1=<param>|$2=<param>|$3=<param>}}

{{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates report this error when the citation has an English translation of the title in {{para|trans-title}} or chapter title in {{para|trans-chapter}} but does not have the original-language title in {{para|title}} or original-language chapter title in {{para|chapter}}.

To resolve this error, provide the original language title for {{para|title}} or chapter title for {{para|chapter}}. Consider adding {{para|language}} if not already part of the citation.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_trans_missing_title|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="trans_missing_title_help_text" />

==<span id="parameter_ignored">Unknown parameter |<param>= ignored<span id="parameter_ignored_suggest"> </span></span>==
<section begin="parameter_ignored_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{plainlist|
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_parameter_ignored|$1=<param>}}
*{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_parameter_ignored_suggest|$1=<param>|$2=<sparam>}}}}

{{cs1}} and {{cs2}} templates report this error when the name portion of a parameter's {{para|name|value}} pair is not recognized as a valid name. Typically, this is caused by spelling or capitalization errors or when a page is reverted to a version where the citation template did support the parameter. It can also be caused by the use of parameters that are valid in some, but not all, CS1|2 templates. For example, {{tl|cite book}} citations are sometimes erroneously created using {{para|title}} and {{para|work}} when they should use {{para|chapter}} and {{para|title}} instead.

The CS1|2 engine does not ignore unrecognized parameters. The purpose of the citation is to properly identify the source, not to act as a repository of notes and ancillary information.

CS1|2 template parameters are lower case. CS1|2 will report this error when the parameter's name contains uppercase letters ({{!xt|Xxxx, xxXx, XXXX}}) but the parameter's name is defined as lowercase ({{xt|xxxx}}). Some identifier parameters, like {{para|isbn}}, {{para|pmc}}, {{para|doi}}, etc., can be either lower case or upper case, but not of mixed case ({{para|isbn|mxt=y}} or {{para|ISBN|mxt=y}} but not {{para|Isbn|!mxt=y}}). For [[Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions|common parameter misspellings]], like {{para|pubisher}} instead of {{para|publisher}} and some former template parameters, CS1|2 will suggest a valid parameter name. The [[Help:CS1_errors#deprecated_params|list of deprecated and recently removed parameters]] may contain additional information as well.

Reported unknown parameters following a {{para|DUPLICATE_<param>}} scheme are created by [[User:Citation bot|Citation Bot]] when it finds duplicate parameters {{para|<param>}} in a template.

To resolve this error, replace the erroneous parameter name with a correct one, possibly using the suggested name. Ensure that the parameter's name is correctly spelled and that there are no characters except spaces between the parameter's name and the leading vertical bar (|) or trailing equals sign (=). A list of valid parameters can be found by consulting [[Help:Citation Style 1]] or visiting the description page of the specific template being used, such as {{tlx|cite web}}, {{tlx|cite book}}, {{tlx|cite journal}}, etc. Consider moving information associated with the unknown parameter into an appropriate parameter or to a section of the article's talk page for preservation.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_parameter_ignored|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="parameter_ignored_help_text" />

==<span id="wikilink_in_url">URL–wikilink conflict</span>==
<section begin="wikilink_in_url_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_wikilink_in_url}}

External links in a rendered citation are a combination of url-holding parameters, {{para|url}}, {{para|chapter-url}}, etc., with title-holding parameters, {{para|title}}, {{para|chapter}}, etc. Title-holding parameters may be [[wikilink]]ed to another Wikipedia article but not when there is a matching url-holding parameter in the citation. When this condition occurs, the wikilink is suppressed, the wiki markup ignored, and the rendered citation links to the external site.

With {{tlx|cite journal}}, auto-linking of the {{para|pmc}} or {{para|doi}} parameter value can cause this condition to occur implicitly without a specific url-holding parameter.

Some [[Help:Template|templates]] will also cause this error if they are part of a title-holding parameter. The error occurs when the template produces wikilinked content. For example, {{tlx|lang}} templates output a wikilinked category. Templates in title-holding parameters may also corrupt the citation's [[WP:COinS|COinS]] metadata. As a general rule, avoid using templates in title-holding parameters unless you know that the template's effects are entirely visual ({{tlx|!}} and the like).

This type of error may also occur in identifier-based templates ({{tlx|cite doi}}, etc.). When this happens, the error message is shown in the article but the error is actually located in the identifier-based citation template.

To resolve this error, remove wikilinks from title-holding parameters that are intended to be externally linked or remove the external URL, which will allow the internal wikilinks to work as expected. If the conflict is implicitly caused through auto-linking (see above), this can be disabled using {{para|title-link|none}}. If wikilink-producing templates are important to the citation, move them out of the CS1 template but leave them inside the citation's {{tag|ref}} tags. Some of the functionality provided by templates may also be available through CS1 parameters.

To resolve errors in identifier-based citation templates, the template must be edited to correct the error. Exercise caution when editing these templates because identifier-based citation templates are often used in multiple articles.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_wikilink_in_url|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="wikilink_in_url_help_text" />

==<span id="vancouver">Vancouver style error</span>==
<section begin="vancouver_help_text" />{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_vancouver|$1=<type>|$2=<number>}}

This error is reported for citations that use {{para|vauthors}}, {{para|veditors}}, {{para|name-list-style|vanc}}.

[[Vancouver style]] restricts author or editor names to the Latin alphabet. For the purposes of this test, [[Module:Citation/CS1]] defines the Latin alphabet as the letters defined in the [[Unicode]] Latin character sets:
: C0 Controls and Basic Latin<ref>{{cite web |title=C0 Controls and Basic Latin |website=[[Unicode]] |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0000.pdf |access-date=2015-04-19}}</ref> (0041–005A, 0061–007A)
: C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement<ref>{{cite web |title=C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement |website=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf |access-date=2015-04-19}}</ref> (00C0–00D6, 00D8–00F6, 00F8–00FF)
: Latin Extended-A<ref>{{cite web |title=Latin Extended-A |website=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0100.pdf |access-date=2015-04-19}}</ref> (0100–017F)
: Latin Extended-B<ref>{{cite web |title=Latin Extended-B |website=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0180.pdf |access-date=2015-04-19}}</ref> (0180–01BF, 01C4–024F)
: Latin Extended Additional<ref>{{cite web |title=Latin Extended Additional |website=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1E00.pdf |access-date=2025-06-02}}</ref> (1E00–1EFF)

This error is also reported when more than two initials are used: in case of more than two initials, list only the first two.

This error is also reported when a corporate or institutional author is listed in {{para|vauthors}} without proper delimiters. Corporate authors should be listed this way:
: {{para|vauthors|First Surname FM, Surname AB, {{green|((}}Corporate or institutional Author{{green|))}}, Last Surname XY}}

While normally correct, sometimes the names listed on a PMID page contain errors when the author surname has a lowercase [[nobiliary particle]]. For example, {{PMID|17726700}} lists Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz as Doeberitz Mv which is not correct. This author's name should be listed as {{para|vauthors|von Knebel Doeberitz M}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Other surname rules |website=National Center for Biotechnology Information |date=2018-05-18 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7282/box/A33081/}}</ref>

Certain punctuation will be flagged as an error. For example, Unicode U+2019, right single quotation mark, causes an error because it is not a member of the Latin character sets identified above: {{para|vauthors|Van{{red|’}}t Veer M}}. Replace this character with the straight (or typewriter) apostrophe: {{para|vauthors|Van{{green|'}}t Veer M}}.

To resolve this error, Romanize author and editor names.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Names in non-roman alphabets or character-based languages |title=Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers |author-last=Patrias |author-first=Karen |editor-last=Wendling |editor-first=Dan |location=Bethesda, Maryland, USA |publisher=[[National Library of Medicine]] |date=2007 |edition=2nd |chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7258/box/A48818/}}</ref> Romanizing can result in two-letter initials, for example, the Greek letter 'Θ' Romanizes to 'Th'.<ref>{{cite web |title=Greek |website=Library of Congress |url=https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/greek.pdf}}</ref> When author names have this kind of initial, Module:Citation/CS1 can't know if this kind of initial is a typo or a legitimate Romanized character so it will emit the Vancouver error. To suppress the error after determining that the two-character initial is correct and not a typo, treat the name as if it were a corporate name by wrapping it in [[Help:Citation_Style_1#Accept-this-as-written_markup|doubled parentheses]]: {{para|vauthors|..., Tatarinov IuS, ...}} → {{para|vauthors|..., ((Tatarinov IuS)), ...}}

Similarly, Chinese hyphenated given names may appear in PubMed listings. For example: 'Wang Hsien-yu' may be listed on PubMed as 'Wang Hy' which will result in a Vancouver error. When this occurs, and upon verification that such names are correct, wrap them in doubled parentheses.

Specific rules for names:<ref>{{cite book |title=Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet] |edition=2nd |author-first=Karen |author-last=Patrias |editor-first=Dan |editor-last=Wendling |location=Bethesda, Maryland, USA |publisher=National Library of Medicine |date=2007 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7282/ |access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref>
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7282/box/A33071/?report=objectonly Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7282/box/A33081/?report=objectonly Other surname rules]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7282/box/A33104/?report=objectonly Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7282/box/A33118/?report=objectonly Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7282/box/A33127/?report=objectonly Designations of rank within a family, such as Jr and III]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7282/box/A33134/?report=objectonly Names appearing in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese)]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7282/box/A33152/?report=objectonly Organizations as author]
** CS1|2 does not obey the semicolon-as-separator rule. Separate corporate and organizational names from each other and from individual names with a comma; wrap corporate and organizational names in doubled parentheses as described above.
Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_vancouver|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="vancouver_help_text" />

==<span id="extra_text_volume">|volume= has extra text</span>==
<section begin="extra_text_volume_help_text" />{{help desk}}
{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_extra_text_volume|$1=volume}}

The templates are responsible for static text rendered in the citation. When {{para|volume}} is used in a template, cs1|2 formats the volume value according to the style corresponding with the publication type associated with the used citation template.

The templates emit this error message when some form of the word "volume" ("volume", "vol.") is found in the value assigned to {{para|volume}}.

To resolve this error, remove the extraneous text from the parameter value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_extra_text_volume|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="extra_text_volume_help_text" />

==<span id="param_has_twl_url">Wikipedia Library link in <param></span>==
<section begin="twl_url_help_text" />{{Shortcut|WP:WLERROR}}{{help desk}}{{#invoke:Cs1 documentation support|help_text_error_messages|err_param_has_twl_url|$1=<{{var|param}}>}}

This error is reported when a URL-holding parameter has a URL that links to [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]]. These urls include this text:
:<code>wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org</code>
When these sorts of URLs are encountered, [[Module:Citation/CS1]] emits this error message and automatically sets {{para|url-access|subscription}} because these URLs are not accessible by readers.

To resolve this error, make sure that the value assigned to the URL parameter is {{em|not}} the Wikipedia Library URL but {{em|is}} the URL of the source.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|help_text_cats|err_param_has_twl_url|pages=yes}}.<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="twl_url_help_text" />

==<span id="module_cite">#invoke:Cite errors</span>==
<section begin="module_cite_help_text" />{{help desk}}
{{hatnote|These error messages are emitted by [[Module:Cite]], a helper module for [[Module:Citation/CS1]] that may be used to replace cs1{{!}}2 templates in articles that have or will exceed the [[Help:Template limits#Post-expand include size|Post-expand include size]] limit.}}
<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="citation-comment" style="color:#d33; font-size:120%">missing template name as first positional parameter</span>

[[Module:Cite]] requires as its first positional parameter the canonical name of one of the cs1 templates (without the <code>cite</code> prefix) or the name of the cs2 template (<code>citation</code>). The module emits this error message when the first positional parameter is missing or empty.

<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="citation-comment" style="color:#d33; font-size:120%">unknown template name: <{{var|template name}}></span>

The module emits this error message when the first positional parameter is not the canonical name of a recognized cs1|2 template.

To resolve either of these errors, make sure that the module call has one of these canonical template names as its first positional parameter value:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*<code>arxiv</code>
*<code>av media</code>
*<code>av media notes</code>
*<code>biorxiv</code>
*<code>book</code>
*<code>citation</code>
*<code>citeseerx</code>
*<code>conference</code>
*<code>document</code>
*<code>encyclopedia</code>
*<code>episode</code>
*<code>interview</code>
*<code>journal</code>
*<code>magazine</code>
*<code>mailing list</code>
*<code>map</code>
*<code>medrxiv</code>
*<code>news</code>
*<code>newsgroup</code>
*<code>podcast</code>
*<code>press release</code>
*<code>report</code>
*<code>serial</code>
*<code>sign</code>
*<code>speech</code>
*<code>ssrn</code>
*<code>tech report</code>
*<code>thesis</code>
*<code>web</code>
{{div col end}}

Pages with this error are automatically placed in {{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Category:CS1 errors: cite module|Category:CS1 errors: cite module|[[:Category:CS1 errors: cite module]]}} ({{PAGESINCATEGORY:CS1 errors: cite module}} pages).<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories" /><section end="module_cite_help_text" /><section begin="notes_help_text" />
==Notes==

{{reflist |group=lower-alpha |refs=
<ref group="lower-alpha" name="categories">Pages in the Category talk, Draft talk, File talk, Help talk, MediaWiki talk, Module talk, Portal talk, Talk, Template talk, User, User talk, and Wikipedia talk namespaces are not included in the tracking categories. In addition, pages with names matching the patterns '/[Ss]andbox', '/[Tt]estcases', '/[^/]*[Ll]og', and '/[Aa]rchive' are not included in the tracking categories.</ref>
}}<section end="notes_help_text" /><section begin="references_help_text" />

==References==

{{reflist |refs=
<ref name="archive.org">{{cite web |url=https://archive.org |title=archive.org website |website=Internet Archive}}</ref>
<ref name="webcitation.org">{{cite web |url=https://www.webcitation.org |title=webcitation.org website |website=WebCite}}</ref>
}}<section end="references_help_text" />

{{Wikipedia referencing}}
{{Help navigation}}

Template:MediaWiki URL rules

2025-12-20T18:52:35Z

Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

URLs must begin with a supported [[URI scheme]]. <code>http://</code> and <code>https://</code> will be supported by all browsers; however, <code>ftp://</code>, <code>gopher://</code>, <code>irc://</code>, <code>ircs://</code>, <code>mailto:</code> and <code>news:</code> may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. [[IPv6]] host-names are currently not supported.

If URLs in [[Wikipedia:Citation_templates#Examples|citation template parameters]] contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be [[percent-encoded]]. For example, a space must be replaced by <code>%20</code>. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:

{| class="wikitable"
!scope="row"| Character
!scope="col"| space
!scope="col"| "
!scope="col"| '
!scope="col"| <
!scope="col"| >
!scope="col"| [
!scope="col"| ]
!scope="col"| {
!scope="col"| <nowiki>|</nowiki>
!scope="col"| }
|-
!scope="row"| Encoding
| %20 || %22 || %27 || %3C || %3E || %5B || %5D || %7B || %7C || %7D
|}

Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>

Template:Markup2

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Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

{{#if: {{{t|}}}|'''{{#if:{{{tstyle|}}}|<span style="{{{tstyle}}}">{{{t|}}}</span>|{{{t|}}}}}'''
*<code>{{{m|}}}</code>
*:{{{r|}}}|*<code>{{{m|}}}</code>
*:{{{r|}}}}}{{#if: {{{m2|}}}|
*<code>{{{m2|}}}</code>
*:{{{r2|}}}}}{{#if: {{{m3|}}}|
*<code>{{{m3|}}}</code>
*:{{{r3|}}}}}{{#if: {{{m4|}}}|
*<code>{{{m4|}}}</code>
*:{{{r4|}}}}}{{#if: {{{m5|}}}|
*<code>{{{m5|}}}</code>
*:{{{r5|}}}}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>

Template:Csdoc

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Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

#REDIRECT [[Template:Citation Style documentation]]{{R from template shortcut}}

Template:Cite web/doc

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Gauravraj: 1 revision imported

<noinclude>{{pp-template}}</noinclude>
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{High-use}}
{{cascade-protected template}}
{{AWB standard installation}}
{{Bot use warning|bots=[[User:KiranBOT|KiranBOT]]}}
{{csdoc|lua}}
{{csdoc|cs1}}
{{csdoc|lead|web sources that are not characterized by another [[Help:Citation Style 1|CS1]] template. Do not use this template in the "[[WP:ELCITE|External links]]" section of articles}}

== Usage ==
{{csdoc|usage}}
{{csdoc|usage common}}
;To cite a web page with a credited author
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |website= |location= |publisher= |access-date=}}</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite a web page with no credited author
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite web |author= |date= |title= |url= |website= |location= |publisher= |access-date=}}</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite an online web page that has been archived
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |website= |location= |publisher= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=}}</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite a web page written in a foreign language
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |trans-title= |website= |language= |location= |publisher= |access-date=}}</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language web page re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite web |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |url-access= |trans-title= |format= |website= |language= |location= |publisher= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |via= |quote=}}</syntaxhighlight>
{{end}}

{{csdoc|usage full}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">{{cite web |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |display-authors= |author-mask1= |author-mask2= |collaboration= |df= |date= |year= |orig-date= |orig-year= |location= |editor-last1= |editor-first1= |editor-link1= |editor-last2= |editor-first2= |editor-link2= |display-editors= |editor-mask1= |editor-mask2= |title= |script-title= |title-link= |url= |url-access= |trans-title= |format= |department= |website= |script-website= |trans-website= |type= |series= |language= |interviewer-last1= |interviewer-first1= |interviewer-link1= |interviewer-last2= |interviewer-first2= |interviewer-link2= |display-interviewers= |interviewer-mask1= |interviewer-mask2= |translator-last1= |translator-first1= |translator-link1= |translator-last2= |translator-first2= |translator-link2= |display-translators= |translator-mask1= |translator-mask2= |others= |name-list-style= |edition= |publication-place= |publisher= |publication-date= |agency= |minutes= |time-caption= |time= |page= |pages= |at= |no-pp= |arxiv= |asin= |asin-tld= |bibcode= |bibcode-access= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi= |doi-access= |doi-broken-date= |eissn= |hdl= |hdl-access= |isbn= |ismn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |medrxiv= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc= |pmc-embargo-date= |pmid= |rfc= |sbn= |ssrn= |s2cid= |s2cid-access= |zbl= |id= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-format= |archive-date= |access-date= |via= |quote-page= |quote-pages= |quote= |script-quote= |trans-quote= |mode= |ref= |postscript=}}</syntaxhighlight>
{{end}}

{{csdoc|usage vertical common}}

;To cite a web page with a credited author
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite web
|last =
|first =
|date =
|title =
|url =
|website =
|location =
|publisher =
|access-date =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite a web page with no credited author
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite web
|author = 
|date =
|title =
|url =
|website =
|location =
|publisher =
|access-date =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite a web page article that has been archived
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite web
|last =
|first =
|date =
|title =
|url =
|website =
|location =
|publisher =
|url-status =
|archive-url =
|archive-date =
|access-date =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite a web page written in a foreign language
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite web
|last =
|first =
|date =
|title =
|url =
|trans-title =
|website =
|language =
|location =
|publisher =
|access-date =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>

;To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language web page re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite web
|last1 =
|first1 =
|last2 =
|first2 =
|date =
|title =
|url =
|url-access =
|trans-title =
|format =
|website =
|language =
|location =
|publisher =
|url-status =
|archive-url =
|archive-date =
|access-date =
|via =
|quote =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{end}}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Full parameter set in vertical format
! Parameters !! Prerequisites !! Brief instructions / notes !! Vertical list
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
|
| Author's last name or single name author. Don't link.
| rowspan="122" style="vertical-align:top;" | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" copy="1">
{{cite web
|last1 =
|first1 =
|author-link1 =
|last2 =
|first2 =
|author-link2 =
|display-authors =
|author-mask1 =
|author-mask2 =
|collaboration =
|df =
|date =
|year =
|orig-date =
|orig-year =
|location =
|editor-last1 =
|editor-first1 =
|editor-link1 =
|editor-last2 =
|editor-first2 =
|editor-link2 =
|display-editors =
|editor-mask1 =
|editor-mask2 =
|title =
|script-title =
|title-link =
|url =
|url-access =
|trans-title =
|format =
|department =
|website =
|script-website =
|trans-website =
|type =
|series =
|language =
|interviewer-last1 =
|interviewer-first1 =
|interviewer-link1 =
|interviewer-last2 =
|interviewer-first2 =
|interviewer-link2 =
|display-interviewers =
|interviewer-mask1 =
|interviewer-mask2 =
|translator-last1 =
|translator-first1 =
|translator-link1 =
|translator-last2 =
|translator-first2 =
|translator-link2 =
|display-translators =
|translator-mask1 =
|translator-mask2 =
|others =
|name-list-style =
|edition =
|publication-place =
|publisher =
|publication-date =
|agency =
|minutes =
|time-caption =
|time =
|page =
|pages =
|at =
|no-pp =
|arxiv =
|asin =
|asin-tld =
|bibcode =
|bibcode-access =
|biorxiv =
|citeseerx =
|doi =
|doi-access =
|doi-broken-date =
|eissn =
|hdl =
|hdl-access =
|isbn =
|ismn =
|issn =
|jfm =
|jstor =
|jstor-access =
|lccn =
|medrxiv =
|mr =
|oclc =
|ol =
|ol-access =
|osti =
|osti-access =
|pmc =
|pmc-embargo-date =
|pmid =
|rfc =
|sbn =
|ssrn =
|s2cid =
|s2cid-access =
|zbl =
|id =
|url-status =
|archive-url =
|archive-format =
|archive-date =
|access-date =
|via =
|quote-page =
|quote-pages =
|quote =
|script-quote =
|trans-quote =
|mode =
|ref =
|postscript =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|first1}}|or any of its aliases, including: first; given1; given; author-first1; author1-first; author-first; author-given1; author1-given; author-given; subject-first1; subject1-first; subject-first; subject-given1; subject1-given; subject-given; host1; and host}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| Author's first name. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|author-link1}}|or any of its aliases, including: author1-link; author-link; authorlink1; author1link; authorlink; subject-link1; subject1-link; and subject-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| Title of Wikipedia article about the first author. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for 2nd author. Don't link. Similar: <code>last3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|first2}}|or any of its aliases, including: given2; author-first2; author2-first; author-given2; author2-given; subject-first2; subject2-first; subject-given2; subject2-given; and host2}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for 2nd author. Don't link. Similar: <code>first3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|author-link2}}|or any of its aliases, including: author2-link; authorlink2; author2link; subject-link2; and subject2-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for 2nd author. Don't link. Similar: <code>author-link3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|display-authors}}|or alias display-subjects}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| Number (number of authors displayed) or <code>etal</code> (more authors)
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|author-mask1}}|or any of its aliases, including: author1-mask; author-mask; subject-mask1; subject1-mask; and subject-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
| rowspan="2" | See [[#Display options|Display options]] below; not for lists of cited works
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|author-mask2}}|or any of its aliases, including: author2-mask; subject-mask2; and subject2-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
|-
| <code>collaboration</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: last; surname1; surname; author-last1; author1-last; author-last; author-surname1; author1-surname; author-surname; author1; author; subject-last1; subject1-last; subject-last; subject-surname1; subject1-surname; subject-surname; subject1; and subject}}
|-
| <code>df</code> || ||
|-
| <code>date</code> || ||
|-
| <code>year</code> || ||
|-
| <code>orig-date</code> || <code>date</code> or <code>year</code> ||
|-
| <code>orig-year</code> || <code>date</code> or <code>year</code> ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|location}}|or alias place}} || {{tooltip|{{codett|publisher}}|or alias institution}} || can be used for written-at location when <code>publication-place</code> is used for publication place
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
|
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for editor. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-first1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-first; editor-first; editor-given1; editor1-given; and editor-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for editor. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-link1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-link; and editor-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for editor. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-last; editor2; editor-surname2; and editor2-surname}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for 2nd editor. Don't link. Similar: <code>editor-last3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-first2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-first; editor-given2; and editor2-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-last; editor2; editor-surname2; and editor2-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for 2nd editor. Don't link. Similar: <code>editor-first3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-link2}}|or alias editor2-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-last; editor2; editor-surname2; and editor2-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for 2nd editor. Don't link. Similar: <code>editor-link3</code>, etc.
|-
| <code>display-editors</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| Like <code>display-authors</code>, but for editors
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-mask1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-mask; and editor-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor1-last; editor-last; editor1; editor; editor-surname1; editor1-surname; and editor-surname}}
| rowspan="2" | See [[#Display options|Display options]] below; not for lists of cited works
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-mask2}}|or alias editor2-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|editor-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: editor2-last; editor2; editor-surname2; and editor2-surname}}
|-
| <code>title</code> || || This parameter is required.
|-
| <code>script-title</code> || ||
|-
| <code>title-link</code> || <code>title</code> or <code>script-title</code> || Name of a Wikipedia article about the work. Do not use if <code>url</code> is provided
|-
| <code>url</code> || <code>title</code> or <code>script-title</code> || This parameter is required. Do not use if <code>title-link</code> is provided
|-
| <code>url-access</code> || <code>url</code> ||
|-
| <code>trans-title</code> || <code>title</code> or <code>script-title</code> ||
|-
| <code>format</code> || <code>url</code> ||
|-
| <code>department</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|website}}|or any of its aliases, including: journal; magazine; newspaper; periodical; and work}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|script-website}}|or any of its aliases, including: script-journal; script-magazine; script-newspaper; script-periodical; and script-work}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|trans-website}}|or any of its aliases, including: trans-journal; trans-magazine; trans-newspaper; trans-periodical; and trans-work}} || {{tooltip|{{codett|website}}|or any of its aliases, including: journal; magazine; newspaper; periodical; and work}} or {{tooltip|{{codett|script-website}}|or any of its aliases, including: script-journal; script-magazine; script-newspaper; script-periodical; and script-work}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|type}}|or alias medium}} || ||
|-
| <code>series</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|language}}|or alias lang}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
|
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for interviewer. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-first1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-first; interviewer-first; interviewer-given1; interviewer1-given; and interviewer-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for interviewer. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-link1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-link; and interviewer-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for interviewer. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-last; interviewer2; interviewer-surname2; and interviewer2-surname}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for 2nd interviewer. Don't link. Similar: <code>interviewer-last3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-first2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-first; interviewer-given2; and interviewer2-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-last; interviewer2; interviewer-surname2; and interviewer2-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for 2nd interviewer. Don't link. Similar: <code>interviewer-first3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-link2}}|or alias interviewer2-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-last; interviewer2; interviewer-surname2; and interviewer2-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for 2nd interviewer. Don't link. Similar: <code>interviewer-link3</code>, etc.
|-
| <code>display-interviewers</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| Like <code>display-authors</code>, but for interviewers
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-mask1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-mask; and interviewer-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer1-last; interviewer-last; interviewer1; interviewer; interviewer-surname1; interviewer1-surname; and interviewer-surname}}
| rowspan="2" | See [[#Display options|Display options]] below; not for lists of cited works
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-mask2}}|or alias interviewer2-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|interviewer-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: interviewer2-last; interviewer2; interviewer-surname2; and interviewer2-surname}}
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
|
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for translator. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-first1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-first; translator-first; translator-given1; translator1-given; and translator-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for translator. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-link1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-link; and translator-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for translator. Don't link.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-last; translator2; translator-surname2; and translator2-surname}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| Like <code>last1</code>, but for 2nd translator. Don't link. Similar: <code>translator-last3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-first2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-first; translator-given2; and translator2-given}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-last; translator2; translator-surname2; and translator2-surname}}
| Like <code>first1</code>, but for 2nd translator. Don't link. Similar: <code>translator-first3</code>, etc.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-link2}}|or alias translator2-link}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-last; translator2; translator-surname2; and translator2-surname}}
| Like <code>author-link1</code>, but for 2nd translator. Don't link. Similar: <code>translator-link3</code>, etc.
|-
| <code>display-translators</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| Like <code>display-authors</code>, but for translators
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-mask1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-mask; and translator-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last1}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator1-last; translator-last; translator1; translator; translator-surname1; translator1-surname; and translator-surname}}
| rowspan="2" | See [[#Display options|Display options]] below; not for lists of cited works
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-mask2}}|or alias translator2-mask}}
| {{tooltip|{{codett|translator-last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: translator2-last; translator2; translator-surname2; and translator2-surname}}
|-
| <code>others</code> || ||
|-
| <code>name-list-style</code>
| {{tooltip|{{codett|last2}}|or any of its aliases, including: surname2; author-last2; author2-last; author-surname2; author2-surname; author2; subject-last2; subject2-last; subject-surname2; subject2-surname; and subject2}}
| Set to <code>amp</code> or <code>ampersand</code> to separate the last author with {{nowrap|"<code> & </code>"}}; set to <code>and</code> to separate with {{nowrap|"<code> and </code>"}}
|-
| <code>edition</code> || ||
|-
| <code>publication-place</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|publisher}}|or alias institution}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|publisher}}|or alias institution}} || ||
|-
| <code>publication-date</code> || ||
|-
| <code>agency</code> || ||
|-
| <code>minutes</code> || ||
|-
| <code>time-caption</code> || <code>time</code> ||
|-
| <code>time</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|page}}|or alias p}} || || choose one: <code>page</code>, <code>pages</code>, or <code>at</code>
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|pages}}|or alias pp}} || || choose one: <code>page</code>, <code>pages</code>, or <code>at</code>. Use when content on multiple pages supports the article text.
|-
| <code>at</code> || || choose one: <code>page</code>, <code>pages</code>, or <code>at</code>
|-
| <code>no-pp</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|page}}|or alias p}} or {{tooltip|{{codett|pages}}|or alias pp}} || set to "yes" to suppress the "p." or "pp." before page numbers
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|arxiv}}|or alias eprint}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|asin}}|or alias ASIN}} || ||
|-
| <code>asin-tld</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|asin}}|or alias ASIN}} ||
|-
| <code>bibcode</code> || ||
|-
| <code>biorxiv</code> || ||
|-
| <code>biorxiv-access</code> || <code>biorxiv</code> ||
|-
| <code>citeseerx</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|doi}}|or alias DOI}} || ||
|-
| <code>doi-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|doi}}|or alias DOI}} ||
|-
| <code>doi-broken-date</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|doi}}|or alias DOI}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|eissn}}|or alias EISSN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|hdl}}|or alias HDL}} || ||
|-
| <code>hdl-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|hdl}}|or alias HDL}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|isbn}}|or alias ISBN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|ismn}}|or alias ISMN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|issn}}|or alias ISSN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|jfm}}|or alias JFM}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|jstor}}|or alias JSTOR}} || ||
|-
| <code>jstor-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|jstor}}|or alias JSTOR}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|lccn}}|or alias LCCN}} || ||
|-
| <code>medrxiv</code> || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|mr}}|or alias MR}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|oclc}}|or alias OCLC}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|ol}}|or alias OL}} || ||
|-
| <code>ol-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|ol}}|or alias OL}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|osti}}|or alias OSTI}} || ||
|-
| <code>osti-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|osti}}|or alias OSTI}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|pmc}}|or alias PMC}} || ||
|-
| <code>pmc-embargo-date</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|pmc}}|or alias PMC}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|pmid}}|or alias PMID}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|rfc}}|or alias RFC}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|sbn}}|or alias SBN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|ssrn}}|or alias SSRN}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|s2cid}}|or alias S2CID}} || ||
|-
| <code>s2cid-access</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|s2cid}}|or alias S2CID}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|zbl}}|or alias ZBL}} || ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|id}}|or alias ID}} || ||
|-
| <code>url-status</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-url}}|or alias archiveurl}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-url}}|or alias archiveurl}} || {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-date}}|or alias archiveurl}}, <code>url</code> ||
|-
| <code>archive-format</code> || {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-url}}|or alias archiveurl}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-date}}|or alias archivedate}} || {{tooltip|{{codett|archive-url}}|or alias archiveurl}} ||
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|access-date}}|or alias accessdate}} || <code>url</code> ||
|-
| <code>via</code> || ||
|-
| <code>quote-page</code> || || choose one: <code>quote-page</code>, <code>quote-pages</code>
|-
| <code>quote-pages</code> || || choose one: <code>quote-page</code>, <code>quote-pages</code>. Use when quote contains contents from multiple pages.
|-
| {{tooltip|{{codett|quote}}|or alias quotation}} || ||
|-
| <code>script-quote</code> || ||
|-
| <code>trans-quote</code> || ||
|-
| <code>mode</code> || || <code>cs1</code> or <code>cs2</code>
|-
| <code>ref</code> || ||
|-
| <code>postscript</code> || ||
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align: center" | If a field name is listed in the '''Prerequisites''' column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.
|}

=== Choosing between [[Template:cite web]] and [[Template:cite news]]<span class="anchor" id="Consistency"></span> ===
Previously, editors had to decide whether to use {{tl|cite web}} or {{tlf|cite news}} based on these templates' features. In 2014, however, ''most of'' the differences between the two templates were eliminated.

As of {{diff|Module:Citation/CS1|732205428|723907342|29 July 2016}}, {{tlf|cite web}} and {{tlf|cite news}} have the following differences:
* {{tlf|Cite news}} can be used for [[WP:OFFLINE|offline]] (paper) sources whereas {{tlf|cite web}} generates a missing URL error when no URL is provided
* {{tlf|Cite news}} accepts {{para|issue}} and {{para|volume}} parameters while {{tlf|cite web}} does not (see {{section link|Help:Citation Style 1#Pages}}, {{section link|1=Help talk:Citation Style 1/Archive 10|2=|volume=, |issue=, |page(s)= and cite magazine}} and {{tl|cite magazine}}.)
But given the same set of valid parameters, their output is exactly the same:

{|
| '''Cite web''': || {{cite web |url=https://blog.chron.com/techblog/2011/07/microsoft-envisions-a-universal-os-but-it-might-not-be-called-windows/ |title=Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows |last=Silverman |first=Dwight |date=July 15, 2011 |work=Houston Chronicle |publisher=Hearst Corporation |access-date=May 26, 2015|ref=none}}
|-
| '''Cite news''': || {{cite news |url=https://blog.chron.com/techblog/2011/07/microsoft-envisions-a-universal-os-but-it-might-not-be-called-windows/ |title=Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows |last=Silverman |first=Dwight |date=July 15, 2011 |work=Houston Chronicle |publisher=Hearst Corporation |access-date=May 26, 2015|ref=none}}
|}

== Examples ==
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=April 30, 2005
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date|{{date}}|mdy}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=April 30, 2005
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date={{date|{{date}}|mdy}}}}
}}
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|date=30 April 2005
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|date=30 April 2005
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date={{date}}}}
}}
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|date=2005-04-30
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date|{{date}}|iso}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|date=2005-04-30
|access-date={{date|{{date}}|iso}}}}
}}
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|access-date={{date}}}}
}}
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date|{{date}}|iso}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|access-date={{date|{{date}}|iso}}}}
}}
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://operations.nfl.com/the-rules/nfl-rules-digest/
|title=NFL Rules Digest
|website=NFL Football Operations
|publisher=[[National Football League]]
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date|{{date}}|mdy}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://operations.nfl.com/the-rules/nfl-rules-digest/
|title=NFL Rules Digest
|website=NFL Football Operations
|publisher=[[National Football League]]
|access-date={{date|{{date}}|mdy}}}}
}}

=== Using "format=" ===
When this template detects a link whose URL includes an [[filename extension|extension]] of ".pdf" or ".PDF", typical of [[PDF]] files, it automatically displays a PDF icon after the link (regardless of whether the link goes to a PDF file or to an HTML landing page, typical of paysites). It also internally acts as if {{para|format|PDF}} had been specified, which displays " (PDF)" after the icon. (In this case, an explicit {{para|format|PDF}} parameter would be redundant, so it ''is not'' recommended to add it. Users may remove it. Citation bot, when invoked, will remove it. ([[User talk:Citation bot/Archive 13#Remove format=pdf and variants when URLs end in .pdf|ref]]))
<div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.indiapost.gov.in/MBE/DOP_PDFFiles/List_of_Psychotropic_Substances.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|publisher=International Narcotics Control Board
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.indiapost.gov.in/MBE/DOP_PDFFiles/List_of_Psychotropic_Substances.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|publisher=International Narcotics Control Board
|access-date={{date}}}}
}}
</div>

If the link is to a PDF file that ''is not'' automatically recognizable by its extension, this template does not display the PDF icon. You may add the parameter {{para|format|PDF}}, which displays " (PDF)" after the link (but no PDF icon).
<div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.sample.com/somePDFdocument.000
|title=Some PDF Document
|publisher=Sample Int'l
|format=PDF
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.sample.com/somePDFdocument.000
|title=Some PDF Document
|publisher=Sample Int'l
|format=PDF
|access-date={{date}}}}
}}
</div>

For links to files in other formats, no icon is displayed. For example, for an [[.odt]] file, you may add the parameter {{para|format|ODT}}, which displays " (ODT)" after the link.
<div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.sample.com/someODTdocument.odt
|title=Some ODT Document
|publisher=Sample Int'l
|format=ODT
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.sample.com/someODTdocument.odt
|title=Some ODT Document
|publisher=Sample Int'l
|format=ODT
|access-date={{date}}}}
}}
</div>

=== Foreign language and translated title ===
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Honi soit qui mal y pense
|last=Joliet
|first=François
|date=30 April 2005
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>
|language=fr
|trans-title=Shame on those who think evil of it}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Honi soit qui mal y pense
|last=Joliet
|first=François
|date=30 April 2005
|access-date={{date}}
|language=fr
|trans-title=Shame on those who think evil of it}}
}}

=== Using author-link ===
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|author-link=John Doe
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=April 30, 2005
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date|{{date}}|mdy}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|last=Doe
|first=John
|author-link=John Doe
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=April 30, 2005
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date={{date|{{date}}|mdy}}}}
}}

=== Multiple authors ===
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Our Favourite Things
|last1=Doe
|first1=John
|last2=Smith
|first2=Peter
|last3=Smythe
|first3=Jim
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|website=Encyclopaedia of Things
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Our Favourite Things
|last1=Doe
|first1=John
|last2=Smith
|first2=Peter
|last3=Smythe
|first3=Jim
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|website=Encyclopaedia of Things
|access-date={{date}}}}
}}

=== No author ===
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=2005-04-30
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date|{{date}}|iso}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=2005-04-30
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date={{date|{{date}}|iso}}}}
}}

=== No author, no publisher ===
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=30 April 2005
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=30 April 2005
|website=Encyclopedia of Things
|access-date={{date}}}}
}}
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=April 30, 2005
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date|{{date}}|mdy}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=April 30, 2005
|access-date={{date|{{date}}|mdy}}}}
}}
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.incb.org/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2024/2311984R.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=December 2023
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date|{{date}}|iso}}<nowiki>
|language=ru}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.incb.org/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2024/2311984R.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=December 2023
|access-date={{date|{{date}}|iso}}
|language=ru}}
}}

=== Using "archive-url" and "archive-date" (and optionally "url-status") for webpages that have been archived<span class="anchor" id="archive-url"></span> ===
<div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">By default, if "archive-url" is used, the parameter {{para|url-status|dead}} is assumed and the resulting main link is to the archived version:
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=2005-04-30
|publisher=International Narcotics Control Board
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date|{{date}}|iso}}<nowiki>
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050907150136/https://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|archive-date=2005-09-07}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=2005-04-30
|publisher=International Narcotics Control Board
|access-date={{date|{{date}}|iso}}
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050907150136/https://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|archive-date=2005-09-07}}
}}
</div>
<div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">When {{para|url-status|live}} is specified, the resulting main link is to the original page:
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572
|title=DC Entertainment To Give Classic Batman Writer Credit in 'Gotham' and 'Batman v Superman' (Exclusive)
|website=The Hollywood Reporter
|date=September 18, 2015
|access-date=September 21, 2015
|url-status=live
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022181821/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572
|archive-date=October 22, 2015}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572
|title=DC Entertainment To Give Classic Batman Writer Credit in 'Gotham' and 'Batman v Superman' (Exclusive)
|website=The Hollywood Reporter
|date=September 18, 2015
|access-date=September 21, 2015
|url-status=live
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022181821/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572
|archive-date=October 22, 2015}}
}}
</div>
<div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">With {{para|url-status|unfit}} or {{code|usurped}}, the original is not linked at all:
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/03772.html
|title=London, United Kingdom Forecast: Weather Underground (weather and elevation at Heathrow Airport)
|publisher=The Weather Underground
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>
|url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522171657/https://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/03772.html |archive-date=22 May 2011}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/03772.html
|title=London, United Kingdom Forecast: Weather Underground (weather and elevation at Heathrow Airport)
|publisher=The Weather Underground
|access-date={{date}}
|url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522171657/https://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/03772.html |archive-date=22 May 2011}}
}}
</div>

=== Using quote ===
<div style="width:auto; overflow:scroll">
{{markup2|
|m=<nowiki>{{cite web
|url=https://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html
|title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea
|website=WebExhibits
|date=2008
|access-date=</nowiki>{{date}}<nowiki>
|quote=...&nbsp;Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins&nbsp;...'}}</nowiki>
|r={{cite web
|url=https://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html
|title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea
|website=WebExhibits
|date=2008
|access-date={{date}}
|quote=... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...'}}
}}
</div>

== Parameters ==
=== Syntax ===
{{csdoc|syntax}}
{{csdoc|sep_period}}

=== COinS ===
{{csdoc|coins}}

=== What's new ===
{{csdoc|whats new}}

=== Deprecated ===
{{csdoc|deprecated}}

=== Description ===
==== Authors ====
{{csdoc|author|others=yes}}

==== Date ====
{{csdoc|date}}

==== Editors ====
{{csdoc|editor}}

==== Title ====
{{csdoc|web}}
{{csdoc|type}}
{{csdoc|language}}

==== <span class="anchor" id="url"></span>URL ====
{{csdoc|url}}

==== Website ====
{{csdoc|journal|issue=no|department=yes}}

==== Edition, series ====
{{csdoc|edition}}
{{csdoc|series}}

==== Publisher ====
{{csdoc|publisher}}
{{csdoc|agency}}

==== In-source locations ====
{{csdoc|time}}
{{csdoc|pages}}

==== Identifiers ====
{{distinguish|#Anchor}}
{{csdoc|id1}}
{{csdoc|id2}}

==== Subscription or registration required ====
{{csdoc|registration}}

==== Quote ====
{{csdoc|quote}}

==== Anchor ====
{{distinguish|#Identifiers}}
{{csdoc|ref}}

==== Display options ====
{{csdoc|display}}

== TemplateData ==
{{Warning |image=Stop hand nuvola.svg |This section contains configuration data used by editing tools and automated bots. Changes to this data can result in widespread and unintended effects. For more information see [[Help:Citation Style 1#TemplateData]]}}
{{TemplateData header}}
{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|template_data_validate|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}
<templatedata>
{
"description": "Formats a citation to a website using the provided information such as URL and title. Used only for sources that are not correctly described by the specific citation templates for books, journals, news sources, etc.",
"params": {
"url": {
"label": "URL",
"description": "The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type \"https://...\" or maybe even the protocol relative scheme \"//...\"",
"type": "url",
"aliases": [
"URL"
],
"required": true,
"example": "https://www.metacritic.com//..."
},
"title": {
"label": "Title",
"description": "The title of the source page on the website; will display with quotation marks added. Usually found at the top of your web browser. Not the name of the website.",
"type": "string",
"required": true
},
"date": {
"label": "Source date",
"description": "Full date when the source was published; if unknown, use access-date instead; do not wikilink",
"type": "date",
"suggested": true
},
"access-date": {
"label": "URL access date",
"description": "The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink",
"type": "date",
"suggested": true,
"aliases": [
"accessdate"
]
},
"website": {
"label": "Name of the website",
"description": "Title (name) of the website (or its short URL if no plain-language title is discernible); may be wikilinked; will display in italics. Having both 'publisher' and 'website' is redundant in many cases.",
"type": "string",
"aliases": [
"work"
],
"suggested": true,
"example": "[[Rotten Tomatoes]]"
},
"publisher": {
"label": "Publisher",
"description": "Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked. Having both 'publisher' and 'website' (a.k.a. 'work') is redundant in many cases.",
"type": "string",
"example": "[[Fandom, Inc.]] (which owns \"Metacritic.com\")"
},
"last": {
"label": "Last name",
"description": "The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors",
"aliases": [
"last1",
"author",
"author1",
"author1-last",
"author-last",
"surname1",
"author-last1",
"subject1",
"surname",
"subject"
],
"type": "line",
"suggested": true
},
"first": {
"label": "First name",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors",
"aliases": [
"given",
"author-first",
"first1",
"given1",
"author-first1",
"author1-first"
],
"type": "line",
"suggested": true
},
"author-link": {
"label": "Author link",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author-link1",
"author1-link",
"subject-link",
"subject-link1",
"subject1-link",
"authorlink"
]
},
"last2": {
"label": "Last name 2",
"description": "The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'.",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"author2"
]
},
"first2": {
"label": "First name 2",
"type": "line",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink."
},
"author-link2": {
"label": "Author link 2",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author2-link"
]
},
"others": {
"label": "Others",
"description": "Used to record other (non-author) contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'. Only one ''others'' parameter is allowed: e.g., 'Illustrated by Jane Doe; Translated by John Smith'",
"type": "string"
},
"year": {
"label": "Year of publication",
"description": "Year of the source being referenced; deprecated in favor of 'date', except for the special case of ISO dates with disambiguating letter",
"type": "string"
},
"orig-date": {
"label": "Original date",
"description": "Original date of publication; provide specifics",
"type": "date"
},
"editor-last": {
"label": "Editor last name",
"description": "The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors.",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"editor1-last",
"editor"
]
},
"editor-first": {
"label": "Editor first name",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"editor1-first"
]
},
"editor-link": {
"label": "Editor link",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors",
"aliases": [
"editor1-link"
],
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"series": {
"label": "Series identifier",
"description": "Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal",
"type": "string"
},
"publication-place": {
"label": "Place of publication",
"description": "Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'",
"type": "string"
},
"publication-date": {
"label": "Publication date",
"description": "Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink",
"type": "date"
},
"page": {
"label": "Page",
"description": "Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'",
"type": "string"
},
"pages": {
"label": "Pages",
"description": "Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'",
"type": "string"
},
"no-pp": {
"label": "No pp",
"description": "Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')",
"type": "boolean",
"autovalue": "y"
},
"at": {
"label": "At",
"description": "May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient",
"type": "string"
},
"language": {
"label": "Language",
"description": "The language in which the source is written, if not English; use a two-letter language code or the full language name. Do not use icons or templates. Separate multiple languages with commas",
"type": "string",
"aliases": [
"lang"
],
"example": "de, fr, es"
},
"script-title": {
"label": "Script title",
"description": "For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon.",
"type": "string",
"example": "For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:..."
},
"trans-title": {
"label": "Translated title",
"description": "An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended",
"type": "string"
},
"type": {
"label": "Type",
"description": "Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case",
"type": "string"
},
"format": {
"label": "Format",
"description": "Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML",
"type": "string"
},
"arxiv": {
"label": "arXiv identifier",
"description": "An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers",
"type": "string"
},
"asin": {
"label": "ASIN",
"description": "Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters",
"type": "string"
},
"asin-tld": {
"label": "ASIN TLD",
"description": "ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US",
"type": "string"
},
"bibcode": {
"label": "Bibcode",
"description": "Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters",
"type": "string"
},
"biorxiv": {
"label": "biorXiv",
"description": "biorXiv identifier; 6 digits",
"type": "line"
},
"citeseerx": {
"label": "CiteSeerX",
"description": "CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter",
"type": "line"
},
"doi": {
"label": "DOI",
"description": "Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'",
"type": "string"
},
"doi-broken-date": {
"label": "DOI broken date",
"description": "The date that the DOI was determined to be broken",
"type": "date",
"autovalue": ""
},
"isbn": {
"label": "ISBN",
"description": "International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible",
"type": "string"
},
"issn": {
"label": "ISSN",
"description": "International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen",
"type": "string"
},
"jfm": {
"label": "jfm code",
"description": "Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code",
"type": "string"
},
"jstor": {
"label": "JSTOR",
"description": "JSTOR identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"lccn": {
"label": "LCCN",
"description": "Library of Congress Control Number",
"type": "string"
},
"mr": {
"label": "MR",
"description": "Mathematical Reviews identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"oclc": {
"label": "OCLC",
"description": "Online Computer Library Center number",
"type": "string"
},
"ol": {
"label": "OL",
"description": "Open Library identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"osti": {
"label": "OSTI",
"description": "Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"pmc": {
"label": "PMC",
"description": "PubMed Center article number",
"type": "string"
},
"pmid": {
"label": "PMID",
"description": "PubMed Unique Identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"rfc": {
"label": "RFC",
"description": "Request for Comments number",
"type": "string"
},
"ssrn": {
"label": "SSRN",
"description": "Social Science Research Network",
"type": "string"
},
"zbl": {
"label": "Zbl",
"description": "Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier",
"type": "string"
},
"id": {
"label": "id",
"description": "A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable",
"type": "string"
},
"archive-url": {
"label": "Archive URL",
"description": "The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'",
"type": "url",
"suggested": true,
"autovalue": "",
"aliases": [
"archiveurl"
]
},
"archive-date": {
"label": "Archive date",
"description": "Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink",
"type": "date",
"suggested": true,
"aliases": [
"archivedate"
]
},
"archive-format": {
"label": "Archive format",
"description": "Format of the archived copy; do not specify HTML",
"type": "string",
"example": "PDF, DOC, XLS"
},
"quote": {
"label": "Quote",
"description": "Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation",
"type": "string"
},
"trans-quote": {
"label": "Translated quote",
"description": "English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets.",
"type": "string"
},
"ref": {
"label": "Ref",
"description": "An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references",
"type": "string"
},
"postscript": {
"label": "Postscript",
"description": "The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined",
"type": "string",
"default": "."
},
"author-mask": {
"label": "Author mask",
"description": "Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead",
"type": "string"
},
"last3": {
"label": "Last name 3",
"description": "The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'.",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"author3"
]
},
"first3": {
"label": "First name 3",
"type": "line",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink."
},
"author-link3": {
"label": "Author link 3",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author3-link"
]
},
"last4": {
"label": "Last name 4",
"description": "The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'.",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"author4"
]
},
"first4": {
"label": "First name 4",
"type": "line",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink."
},
"author-link4": {
"label": "Author link 4",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author4-link"
]
},
"last5": {
"label": "Last name 5",
"description": "The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'.",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"author5"
]
},
"first5": {
"label": "First name 5",
"type": "line",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink."
},
"author-link5": {
"label": "Author link 5",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author5-link"
]
},
"last6": {
"label": "Last name 6",
"description": "The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'.",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"author6"
]
},
"first6": {
"label": "First name 6",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link6": {
"label": "Author link 6",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author6-link"
]
},
"last7": {
"label": "Last name 7",
"description": "The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'.",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"author7"
]
},
"first7": {
"label": "First name 7",
"type": "line",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink."
},
"author-link7": {
"label": "Author link 7",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author7-link"
]
},
"last8": {
"label": "Last name 8",
"description": "The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'.",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"author8"
]
},
"first8": {
"label": "First name 8",
"type": "line",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink."
},
"author-link8": {
"label": "Author link 8",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author8-link"
]
},
"last9": {
"label": "Last name 9",
"description": "The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'.",
"type": "line",
"aliases": [
"author9"
]
},
"first9": {
"label": "First name 9",
"type": "line",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink."
},
"author-link9": {
"label": "Author link 9",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"aliases": [
"author9-link"
]
},
"display-authors": {
"label": "Display authors",
"description": "Number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used. By default, all authors are displayed. Examples: |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation followed by et al. |display-authors=etal displays all authors in the list followed by et al.",
"type": "string"
},
"name-list-style": {
"label": "Name list style",
"description": "Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two names of the name list to ' & ' or ' and ', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.",
"type": "string",
"suggestedvalues": [
"amp",
"and",
"vanc"
]
},
"editor2-last": {
"label": "Editor last name 2",
"description": "The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'.",
"aliases": [
"editor2"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor2-first": {
"label": "Editor first name 2",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"editor3-last": {
"label": "Editor last name 3",
"description": "The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'.",
"aliases": [
"editor3"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor3-first": {
"label": "Editor first name 3",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"editor4-last": {
"label": "Editor last name 4",
"description": "The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'.",
"aliases": [
"editor4"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor4-first": {
"label": "Editor first name 4",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"editor5-last": {
"label": "Editor last name 5",
"description": "The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'.",
"aliases": [
"editor5"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor5-first": {
"label": "Editor first name 5",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"editor6-last": {
"label": "Editor last name 6",
"description": "The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'.",
"aliases": [
"editor6"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor6-first": {
"label": "Editor first name 6",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"editor7-last": {
"label": "Editor last name 7",
"description": "The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'.",
"aliases": [
"editor7"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor7-first": {
"label": "Editor first name 7",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"editor8-last": {
"label": "Editor last name 8",
"description": "The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'.",
"aliases": [
"editor8"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor8-first": {
"label": "Editor first name 8",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"editor9-last": {
"label": "Editor last name 9",
"description": "The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'.",
"aliases": [
"editor9"
],
"type": "line"
},
"editor9-first": {
"label": "Editor first name 9",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"editor2-link": {
"label": "Editor link 2",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"editor3-link": {
"label": "Editor link 3",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"editor4-link": {
"label": "Editor link 4",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"editor5-link": {
"label": "Editor link 5",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"editor6-link": {
"label": "Editor link 6",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"editor7-link": {
"label": "Editor link 7",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"editor8-link": {
"label": "Editor link 8",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"editor9-link": {
"label": "Editor link 9",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"edition": {
"label": "Edition",
"type": "line",
"description": "Specify the edition or revision of the source, when applicable. For example: '2nd' or '5.1'. What you supply here is suffixed by ' ed.'",
"example": "2nd"
},
"url-access": {
"label": "URL access level",
"description": "Classification of the access restrictions on the URL",
"type": "string",
"suggestedvalues": [
"registration",
"subscription",
"limited"
],
"example": "'registration', 'subscription' or 'limited'"
},
"bibcode-access": {
"label": "Bibcode access level",
"description": "If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"autovalue": "free"
},
"doi-access": {
"label": "DOI access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"autovalue": "free"
},
"hdl-access": {
"label": "HDL access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"autovalue": "free"
},
"jstor-access": {
"label": "Jstor access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"autovalue": "free"
},
"ol-access": {
"label": "OpenLibrary access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"autovalue": "free"
},
"osti-access": {
"label": "OSTI access level",
"description": "If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'.",
"type": "string",
"autovalue": "free"
},
"via": {
"label": "Published via",
"description": "Name of the entity hosting the original copy of the work, if different from the publisher. This entity is committed not to alter the work.",
"example": "[[GitHub]], [[SourceForge]], [[CodePlex]], [[YouTube]], [[Vimeo]], [[Dailymotion]], [[Netflix]], [[Archive.org]], [[Wikimedia Commons]], [[grc.com]]",
"type": "string"
},
"url-status": {
"label": "URL status",
"description": "If set to 'live', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live. Set to \"dead\" or 'usurped' for broken links. Entering 'unfit' or 'usurped' makes the original link not appear at all.",
"example": "'dead' or 'live'",
"type": "string",
"default": "'dead' if an Archive URL is entered",
"suggested": true,
"suggestedvalues": [
"dead",
"live",
"usurped",
"unfit",
"deviated"
]
},
"agency": {
"label": "Agency",
"description": "The news agency (wire service) that provided the content; examples: Associated Press, Reuters, Agence France-Presse",
"type": "string"
},
"place": {
"label": "Place",
"description": "For news stories with a dateline, the location where the story was written; will be treated as the publication place if publication place is absent; alias of 'location'",
"type": "string"
},
"author-link10": {
"aliases": [
"author10-link"
],
"label": "Author link 10",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the tenth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"author-link11": {
"aliases": [
"author11-link"
],
"label": "Author link 11",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eleventh author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"last10": {
"aliases": [
"author10"
],
"label": "Last name 10",
"description": "The surname of the tenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link10'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first10": {
"label": "First name 10",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the tenth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"first11": {
"label": "First name 11",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eleventh author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"last11": {
"aliases": [
"author11"
],
"label": "Last name 11",
"description": "The surname of the eleventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link11'.",
"type": "line"
},
"last12": {
"aliases": [
"author12"
],
"label": "Last name 12",
"description": "The surname of the twelfth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link12'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first12": {
"label": "First name 12",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the twelfth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link12": {
"aliases": [
"author12-link"
],
"label": "Author link 12",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the twelfth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"last13": {
"aliases": [
"author13"
],
"label": "Last name 13",
"description": "The surname of the thirteenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link13'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first13": {
"label": "First name 13",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the thirteenth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link13": {
"aliases": [
"author13-link"
],
"label": "Author link 13",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the thirteenth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"last14": {
"aliases": [
"author14"
],
"label": "Last name 14",
"description": "The surname of the fourteenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link14'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first14": {
"label": "First name 14",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourteenth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link14": {
"aliases": [
"author14-link"
],
"label": "Author link 14",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourteenth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"last15": {
"aliases": [
"author15"
],
"label": "Last name 15",
"description": "The surname of the fifteenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link15'.",
"type": "line"
},
"first15": {
"label": "First name 15",
"description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifteenth author; don't wikilink.",
"type": "line"
},
"author-link15": {
"aliases": [
"author15-link"
],
"label": "Author link 15",
"description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifteenth author.",
"type": "wiki-page-name"
},
"df": {
"label": "Date format",
"description": "Sets rendered dates to the specified format",
"type": "string"
}
},
"maps": {
"citoid": {
"title": "title",
"url": "url",
"subject": "title",
"publicationTitle": "website",
"blogTitle": "website",
"forumTitle": "website",
"seriesTitle": "website",
"websiteTitle": "website",
"publisher": "publisher",
"date": "date",
"PMCID": "pmc",
"PMID": "pmid",
"oclc": "oclc",
"pages": "pages",
"series": "series",
"accessDate": "access-date",
"archiveUrl": "archive-url",
"archiveDate": "archive-date",
"DOI": "doi",
"language": "language",
"contributor": "others",
"author": [
[
"first",
"last"
],
[
"first2",
"last2"
],
[
"first3",
"last3"
],
[
"first4",
"last4"
],
[
"first5",
"last5"
],
[
"first6",
"last6"
],
[
"first7",
"last7"
],
[
"first8",
"last8"
],
[
"first9",
"last9"
]
],
"editor": [
[
"editor-first",
"editor-last"
],
[
"editor2-first",
"editor2-last"
],
[
"editor3-first",
"editor3-last"
],
[
"editor4-first",
"editor4-last"
],
[
"editor5-first",
"editor5-last"
],
[
"editor6-first",
"editor6-last"
],
[
"editor7-first",
"editor7-last"
],
[
"editor8-first",
"editor8-last"
],
[
"editor9-first",
"editor9-last"
]
]
}
},
"paramOrder": [
"last",
"first",
"author-link",
"last2",
"first2",
"author-link2",
"last3",
"first3",
"author-link3",
"last4",
"first4",
"author-link4",
"last5",
"first5",
"author-link5",
"last6",
"first6",
"author-link6",
"last7",
"first7",
"author-link7",
"last8",
"first8",
"author-link8",
"last9",
"first9",
"author-link9",
"last10",
"first10",
"author-link10",
"last11",
"first11",
"author-link11",
"last12",
"first12",
"author-link12",
"last13",
"first13",
"author-link13",
"last14",
"first14",
"author-link14",
"last15",
"first15",
"author-link15",
"author-mask",
"display-authors",
"name-list-style",
"date",
"year",
"orig-date",
"editor-last",
"editor-first",
"editor-link",
"editor2-last",
"editor2-first",
"editor2-link",
"editor3-last",
"editor3-first",
"editor3-link",
"editor4-last",
"editor4-first",
"editor4-link",
"editor5-last",
"editor5-first",
"editor5-link",
"editor6-last",
"editor6-first",
"editor6-link",
"editor7-last",
"editor7-first",
"editor7-link",
"editor8-last",
"editor8-first",
"editor8-link",
"editor9-last",
"editor9-first",
"editor9-link",
"others",
"title",
"script-title",
"trans-title",
"url",
"url-access",
"url-status",
"archive-url",
"archive-date",
"archive-format",
"access-date",
"website",
"series",
"publisher",
"place",
"page",
"pages",
"at",
"language",
"type",
"format",
"publication-place",
"publication-date",
"df",
"via",
"no-pp",
"arxiv",
"asin",
"asin-tld",
"bibcode",
"biorxiv",
"citeseerx",
"doi",
"doi-broken-date",
"isbn",
"issn",
"jfm",
"jstor",
"lccn",
"mr",
"oclc",
"ol",
"osti",
"pmc",
"pmid",
"rfc",
"ssrn",
"zbl",
"id",
"quote",
"trans-quote",
"ref",
"postscript",
"edition",
"bibcode-access",
"doi-access",
"hdl-access",
"jstor-access",
"ol-access",
"osti-access",
"agency"
],
"format": "{{_ |_=_}}"
}
</templatedata>

== See also ==
{{Citation Style 1}}
{{Wikipedia referencing}}
{{UF-COinS}}

<includeonly>{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Citation Style 1 templates|W]]
}}</includeonly>

Template:Citation Style documentation/whats new

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{|class="wikitable"
|+ What's new or changed recently
! Parameter !! Description !! Date
|-
| colspan="3" | N/A
|}

Template:Citation Style documentation/web

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{{Crossreference|(See also [[Help:Citation Style 1#Titles and chapters|Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters]].)}}
*<b id="csdoc_title">title</b>: Title of source page on website. Displays in quotation marks. For titles containing quotation marks, convert regular quotation marks (<kbd>"</kbd>) to single quotation marks (<kbd>'</kbd>). See [[MOS:QINQ]] for guidance in more complex situations. If '''script-title''' is defined, use '''title''' to hold a [[WP:ROMAN|Romanization]] (if available) of the title in '''script-title'''.
** <b id="csdoc_script-title">script-title</b>: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc); follows Romanization defined in '''title''' (if present). Must be prefixed with one of the [[Help:Citation_Style_1#{{pipe}}script-<param>{{=}} language codes|supported language codes]] to help browsers properly display the script:
**:<code><nowiki>... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...</nowiki></code>
**<b id="csdoc_trans-title">trans-title</b>: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after '''title'''. Use of the '''language''' parameter is recommended.
:Titles containing certain characters will display and link incorrectly unless those characters are encoded.
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 5em"
! newline !! [ !! ] !! |
|-
| space || style="text-align: center;" | &#91; || style="text-align: center;" | &#93; || style="text-align: center;" | &#124;
|-
|
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | [[Template:Bracket|<nowiki>{{bracket|text}}</nowiki>]] || [[Template:Pipe|<nowiki>{{pipe}}</nowiki>]] – {{crossref|see also {{section link|Help:Table|Rendering pipe itself}}}}
|}
{{Citation Style documentation/required}}
*<span id="csdoc_work"></span><b id="csdoc_website">website</b>: Title of website (when the website has a clear name, use that rather than the domain name); may be wikilinked. Displays in italics. Aliases: '''work'''

Template:Citation Style documentation/usage vertical common

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{| class="wikitable" style="width: 30em"
|+ Most commonly used parameters in vertical format
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|<noinclude>
|}
{{doc|content= This template is used in documentation for [[Help:Citation Style 1|Citation Style 1]] templates to show parameters in a vertical format.}}
</noinclude>

Template:Citation Style documentation/usage full

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{| class="wikitable"
|+ Full parameter set in horizontal format
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|<noinclude>
|}
</noinclude>

Template:Citation Style documentation/usage common

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{| class="wikitable"
|+ Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|<noinclude>
|}
</noinclude>

Template:Citation Style documentation/usage

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Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as {{para|isbn}} have upper-case aliases like {{para|ISBN}}, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then {{purge|purge}} the page.

Template:Citation Style documentation/url

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* <b id="csdoc_url">url</b>: URL of an online location where the {{#if:{{{media|}}}|media|text of the publication}} named by '''title''' can be found. Cannot be used if '''title''' is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. <code>#ixzz2rBr3aO94</code> or {{nowrap|<code><nowiki>?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...</nowiki></code>}}. {{crossref|For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see [[WP:PAGELINKS]].}} Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]]; use {{para|isbn}} or {{para|oclc}} to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
** <b id="csdoc_accessdate">access-date</b>: Full date when the content pointed to by '''url''' was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires '''url'''; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.{{r|date|group=date}} ''Not required for linked documents that do not change.'' For example, '''access-date''' is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see [[WP:CITEWEB]]. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers or published books. Note that '''access-date''' is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See [[#csdoc_auto-date-format|"Automatic date formatting"]] above for details about interaction with {{tlx|use dmy dates}} and {{tlx|use mdy dates}}. Can be [[Help:Citation Style 1/accessdate|hidden or styled]] by registered editors. Alias: '''accessdate'''.
** <b id="csdoc_archiveurl">archive-url</b>: The URL of an [[Web archiving|archived]] snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as [[Internet Archive]] {{crossref|(see [[Help:Using the Wayback Machine]])}} and [[archive.today]] {{crossref|(see [[Help:Using archive.today]])}}; requires '''archive-date''' and '''url'''. By default (overridden by {{para|url-status|live}}) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: '''archiveurl'''.
*** <b id="csdoc_archivedate">archive-date</b>: Archive service snapshot date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates.{{r|date|group=date}} Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See [[#csdoc_auto-date-format|"Automatic date formatting"]] above for details about interaction with {{tlx|use dmy dates}} and {{tlx|use mdy dates}}. Alias: '''archivedate'''.
*** <b id="csdoc_urlstatus">url-status</b>: A control parameter to select one of {{para|url}} or {{para|archive-url}} to link {{para|title}}; requires '''url''' {{em|and}} '''archive-url'''. Use {{tlx|dead link}} to mark dead {{para|url}} when there is no {{para|archive-url}}.
***:Accepts multiple keywords:
***:*<code>dead</code> – (default condition when {{para|url-status}} omitted or empty) selects {{para|archive-url}}
***:*<code>live</code> – selects {{para|url}}; used when {{para|url}} is preemptively archived with {{para|archive-url}}
***:*<code>deviated</code> – selects {{para|archive-url}}; used when {{para|url}} is still live but no longer supports the text in a Wikipedia article
***:*<code>unfit</code> – selects {{para|archive-url}}; used when {{para|url}} links to vice (gambling, pornography), advertising, malware, phishing, compromised, other malicious, or other unsuitable ''page''; links to {{para|url}} are suppressed in the rendering. If an entire domain is unsuitable, consider instead [[WP:USURPURL|usurpation]] or [[WP:BLACKLIST|blacklist]]. Bot help is available at [[WP:URLREQ]]
***:*<code>usurped</code> – selects {{para|archive-url}}; used when the {{em|domain}} in {{para|url}} no longer serves its original intent, particularly when the domain has been (mis)appropriated by other entities such as vice, reseller, malware, phishing, compromised, other malicious, and advertising sites; links to {{para|url}} are suppressed in the rendering. Bot help is available at [[WP:URLREQ]]
***:*<code>bot: unknown</code> – Editors may encounter this value which is left behind by a bot that has visited the reference and wasn't able to determine the status of the url. The page will be automatically placed in [[:Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown]] when this value is present, and per the instructions in that category, editors manually evaluate the state of the URL and change the parameter value appropriately.
*** <b id="csdoc_archive_format">archive-format</b>: File format of the work referred to by '''archive-url'''; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the [[Help:External link icons|external link icon]] (except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include [[Wikipedia:ALT|alt text]]; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.) {{crossref|See [[Help:Citation Style 1#Using {{pipe}}format=|Using {{pipe}}format=]]}}
** <b id="csdoc_url_access">url-access</b>: {{crossref|See [[#csdoc_access_level|Access indicators discussion]]}}
* <b id="csdoc_format">format</b>: File format of the work referred to by '''url'''; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after '''title'''. (For media format, use '''type'''.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the [[Help:External link icons|external link icon]] (except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include [[Wikipedia:ALT|alt text]]; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.) {{crossref|See [[Help:Citation Style 1#Using {{pipe}}format=|Using {{pipe}}format=]]}}
{{MediaWiki URL rules}}
{{reflist|group=date|refs=<ref name=date>Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. {{crossref|See [[MOS:DATEUNIFY]].}}</ref>}}

Template:Citation Style documentation/type

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* '''type''': Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. The reserved keyword <code>none</code> can be used to disable the display of a type. {{#if:{{{type_default|}}}|Defaults to {{{type_default}}}.|Examples: {{xt|Thesis}}, {{xt|Booklet}}, {{xt|Accepted manuscript}}, {{xt|CD liner}}, {{xt|Press release}}.}} Alias: '''medium'''{{#ifeq:{{{type_default|}}}|Thesis|, '''degree'''}}.

Template:Citation Style documentation/syntax

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Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:
* ''parent''
* OR: ''parent2''—may be used instead of ''parent''
** ''child''—may be used with ''parent'' (and is ignored if ''parent'' is not used)
** OR: ''child2''—may be used instead of ''child'' (and is ignored if ''parent2'' is not used)

: Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

Template:Citation Style documentation/series

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* <b id="csdoc_series">series</b> or '''version''': When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal, where the issue numbering has restarted.